歡迎來到近日點

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你³解說⁴。

• 原始文章：Welcome to Perihelion
• 影像來源 kah 版權：Peter Ward (Barden Ridge Observatory)
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (TARA)

[漢羅] 歡迎來到近日點

地球踅太陽 ê 軌道 毋是圓--ê，是長株圓。 咱美麗 ê 地球 tī 長株圓軌道頂懸行到 kah 太陽上倚 彼點就叫做近日點。 今年 ê 近日點是 tī UTC 世界時 1 月 4 號 13:28，地球 kah 太陽 ê 距離差不多是 1 億 4700 萬 公里。 咱來做一个比較，遠日點會出現 tī 7 月 3 號，這是地球行到 kah 太陽上遠彼點，差不多是 1 億 5200 萬 公里遐爾遠。 毋過咱 kah 日頭 ê 距離 毋是決定 地球季節變化 ê 原因。 冬至 是 北半球寒天開始彼工，是南半球熱天開始彼工。 這張相片是 舊年冬至 太陽活動力較強 ê 時陣，用 H-alpha 濾鏡翕--ê 影像。 拄仔好 kah 地球近日點差無 14 工。 嘛真拄好，NASA Parker 太陽探測器 tī 太陽近日點進前 11 工 飛過。 Parker 太陽探測器 是 2018 年發射--ê，2024 年 12 月 24 飛到 太陽表面 620 萬公里附近，拍破 伊 進前飛倚太陽 ê 紀錄。

[POJ] Hoan-gêng lâi-kàu Kīn-ji̍t-tiám

Tē-kiû se̍h Thài-iông ê kúi-tō m̄-sī îⁿ--ê, sī tn̂g-tu-îⁿ. Lán bí-lē ê Tē-kiû tī tn̂g-tu-îⁿ kúi-tō téng-koân kiâⁿ kàu kah Thài-iông siōng óa hit tiám to̍h kiò-chò kīn-ji̍t-tiám. Kin-nî ê kīn-ji̍t-tiám sī tī UTC sè-kài-sî 1 goe̍h 4 hō 13:28, Tē-kiû kah Thài-iông ê kū-lî chha-put-to sī 1 ek 4700 bān kong-lí. Lán lâi chò chi̍t-ê pí-kàu, oán-ji̍t-tiám ē chhut-hiān tī 7 goe̍h 3 hō, che-sī Tē-kiû kiâⁿ kàu kah Thài-iông siōng hn̄g hit-tiám, chha-put-to sī 1 ek 5200 bān kong-lí hiah-nī hn̄g. M̄-koh lán kah ji̍t-thâu ê kū-lî m̄-sī koat-tēng Tē-kiû kùi-chiat piàn-hòa ê goân-in. Tang-chì sī Pak-pòaⁿ-kiû kôaⁿ-thiⁿ khai-sí hit-kang, sī Lâm-pòaⁿ-kiû joa̍h-thiⁿ khai-sí hit-kang. Chit-tiuⁿ siòng-phìⁿ sī kū-nî tang-chì Thài-iông oa̍h-tōng-le̍k khah kiông ê sî-chūn, iōng H-alpha lū-kiàⁿ hip--ê iáⁿ-siōng. Tú-á-hó kah Tē-kiû kīn-ji̍t-tiám chha-bô 14 kang. Mā chin-tú-hó, NASA Parker Thài-iông Thàm-chhek-khì tī Thài-iông kīn-ji̍t-tiám chìn-chêng 11 kang poe-kòe. Parker Thài-iông Thàm-chhek-khì sī 2018 nî hoat-siā--ê, 2024 nî 12 goe̍h 24 poe-kàu Thài-iông piáu-bīn 620 bān kong-lí hù-kīn, phah-phòa i chìn-chêng poe óa Thài-iông ê kì-lio̍k.

[KIP] Huan-gîng lâi-kàu Kīn-ji̍t-tiám

Tē-kiû se̍h Thài-iông ê kuí-tō m̄-sī înn--ê, sī tn̂g-tu-înn. Lán bí-lē ê Tē-kiû tī tn̂g-tu-înn kuí-tō tíng-kuân kiânn kàu kah Thài-iông siōng uá hit tiám to̍h kiò-tsò kīn-ji̍t-tiám. Kin-nî ê kīn-ji̍t-tiám sī tī UTC sè-kài-sî 1 gue̍h 4 hō 13:28, Tē-kiû kah Thài-iông ê kū-lî tsha-put-to sī 1 ik 4700 bān kong-lí. Lán lâi tsò tsi̍t-ê pí-kàu, uán-ji̍t-tiám ē tshut-hiān tī 7 gue̍h 3 hō, tse-sī Tē-kiû kiânn kàu kah Thài-iông siōng hn̄g hit-tiám, tsha-put-to sī 1 ik 5200 bān kong-lí hiah-nī hn̄g. M̄-koh lán kah ji̍t-thâu ê kū-lî m̄-sī kuat-tīng Tē-kiû kuì-tsiat piàn-huà ê guân-in. Tang-tsì sī Pak-puànn-kiû kuânn-thinn khai-sí hit-kang, sī Lâm-puànn-kiû jua̍h-thinn khai-sí hit-kang. Tsit-tiunn siòng-phìnn sī kū-nî tang-tsì Thài-iông ua̍h-tōng-li̍k khah kiông ê sî-tsūn, iōng H-alpha lū-kiànn hip--ê iánn-siōng. Tú-á-hó kah Tē-kiû kīn-ji̍t-tiám tsha-bô 14 kang. Mā tsin-tú-hó, NASA Parker Thài-iông Thàm-tshik-khì tī Thài-iông kīn-ji̍t-tiám tsìn-tsîng 11 kang pue-kuè. Parker Thài-iông Thàm-tshik-khì sī 2018 nî huat-siā--ê, 2024 nî 12 gue̍h 24 pue-kàu Thài-iông piáu-bīn 620 bān kong-lí hù-kīn, phah-phuà i tsìn-tsîng pue uá Thài-iông ê kì-lio̍k.

[English] Welcome to Perihelion

Earth's orbit around the Sun is not a circle, it's an ellipse. The point along its elliptical orbit where our fair planet is closest to the Sun is called perihelion. This year perihelion is today, January 4, at 13:28 UTC, with the Earth about 147 million kilometers from the Sun. For comparison, at aphelion on last July 3 Earth was at its farthest distance from the Sun, some 152 million kilometers away. But distance from the Sun doesn't determine Earth's seasons. It's only by coincidence that the beginning of southern summer (northern winter) on the December solstice - when this H-alpha picture of the active Sun was taken - is within 14 days of Earth's perihelion date. And it's only by coincidence that Earth's perihelion date is within 11 days of the historic perihelion of NASA's Parker Solar Probe. Launched in 2018, the Parker Solar Probe flew within 6.2 million kilometers of the Sun's surface on 2024 December 24, breaking its own record for closest perihelion for a spacecraft from planet Earth.

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