美國德州天頂 ê 暴風雲

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：Storm Cloud Over Texas
• 影像來源 kah 版權：Laura Rowe (有提著使用許可)
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NSYSU)

[漢羅] 美國德州天頂 ê 暴風雲

這个暴風雲是按怎會遮爾七彩？ 代先，咱愛知影 雲 是幾若百萬粒 細粒 水珠仔 kah 冰珠仔 組成--ê。 雲底是平--ê，這無啥物特別。 這是因為雲 ê 懸度愈懸，空氣溫度 就愈低，到某一个懸度以上，空氣就會因為水份飽和，堅出水珠仔。 雲 ê 中層 形體 是 水珠仔飽滇 ê peh 升 空氣柱仔 形成--ê。 毋過，上無四常 ê 是柑仔色 kah 黃色。 這兩色 攏是 雲 內底 ê 水珠仔 反射日光 造成--ê。 雲 中層 kah 底層 ê 柑仔色，攏是反射 日落 ê 紅光。 顛倒是 雲 頂層 ê 黃色，是 反射猶未日落 ê 日光，其中有一寡仔 藍光去予 散射 去。 這个 hŏng 印象足深 ê 烏跤雲，看起來 就敢若 浮 tī 美國 德州 平原 [頂懸]，是 2021 年 調查 捲螺仔風 ê 時陣翕著--ê。

[POJ] Bí-kok Tek-chiu thiⁿ-téng ê Po̍k-hong-hûn

Chit-ê po̍k-hong-hûn sī án-chóaⁿ ē chiah-nī chhit-chhái? Tāi-seng, lán ài chai-iáⁿ hûn sī kúi-nā pah-bān lia̍p sè-lia̍p chúi-chu-á kah peng-chu-á cho͘-sêng--ê. Hûn-té sī pîⁿ--ê, che bô-siáⁿ-mi̍h te̍k-pia̍t. Che-sī in-ūi hûn ê koân-tō͘ jú koân, khong-khì un-tō͘ tō jú kē, kàu bó͘ chi̍t-ê koân-tō͘ í-siōng, khong-khì to̍h ē in-ūi chúi-hūn páu-hô, kian chhut chúi-chu-á. Hûn ê tiong-chân hêng-thé sī chúi-chu-á pá-tīⁿ ê peh seng khong-khì thiāu-á hêng-sêng--ê. M̄-koh, siōng-bô sù-siông ê sī kam-á-sek kah n̂g-sek. Chit nn̄g sek lóng sī hûn lāi-té ê chúi-chu-á hoán-siā ji̍t-kng chō-sêng--ê. Hûn tiong-chân kah té-chân ê kam-á-sek, lóng sī hoán-siā ji̍t-lo̍h ê âng-kng. Tian-tò sī hûn téng-chàn ê n̂g-sek, sī hoán-siā iáu-bōe ji̍t-lo̍h ê ji̍t-kng, kî-tiong ū chi̍t-kóa-á nâ-kng khì hō͘ sàn-siā khì. chit-ê hőng ìn-siōng chiok chhim ê o͘ kha hûn,khòaⁿ-khí-lâi tō káⁿ-ná phû tī Bí-kok Tek-chiu pêng-goân téng-koân, sī 2021 nî tiâu-cha kńg-lê-á-hong ê sî-chūn hip-tio̍h--ê.

[KIP] Bí-kok Tik-tsiu thinn-tíng ê Po̍k-hong-hûn

Tsit-ê po̍k-hong-hûn sī án-tsuánn ē tsiah-nī tshit-tshái? Tāi-sing, lán ài tsai-iánn hûn sī kuí-nā pah-bān lia̍p sè-lia̍p tsuí-tsu-á kah ping-tsu-á tsoo-sîng--ê. Hûn-té sī pînn--ê, tse bô-siánn-mi̍h ti̍k-pia̍t. Tse-sī in-uī hûn ê kuân-tōo jú kuân, khong-khì un-tōo tō jú kē, kàu bóo tsi̍t-ê kuân-tōo í-siōng, khong-khì to̍h ē in-uī tsuí-hūn páu-hô, kian tshut tsuí-tsu-á. Hûn ê tiong-tsân hîng-thé sī tsuí-tsu-á pá-tīnn ê peh sing khong-khì thiāu-á hîng-sîng--ê. M̄-koh, siōng-bô sù-siông ê sī kam-á-sik kah n̂g-sik. Tsit nn̄g sik lóng sī hûn lāi-té ê tsuí-tsu-á huán-siā ji̍t-kng tsō-sîng--ê. Hûn tiong-tsân kah té-tsân ê kam-á-sik, lóng sī huán-siā ji̍t-lo̍h ê âng-kng. Tian-tò sī hûn tíng-tsàn ê n̂g-sik, sī huán-siā iáu-buē ji̍t-lo̍h ê ji̍t-kng, kî-tiong ū tsi̍t-kuá-á nâ-kng khì hōo sàn-siā khì. tsit-ê hőng ìn-siōng tsiok tshim ê oo kha hûn,khuànn-khí-lâi tō kánn-ná phû tī Bí-kok Tik-tsiu pîng-guân tíng-kuân, sī 2021 nî tiâu-tsa kńg-lê-á-hong ê sî-tsūn hip-tio̍h--ê.

[English] Storm Cloud Over Texas

What makes this storm cloud so colorful? First, the cloud itself is composed of millions of tiny droplets of water and ice. Its bottom is almost completely flat -- but this isn't unusual. Bottom flatness in clouds is generally caused by air temperature dropping as you go up, and that above a specific height, water-saturated air condenses out water droplets. The shape of the cloud middle is caused by a water-droplet-laden column of air being blown upward. Most unusual, though, are the orange and yellow colors. Both colors are caused by the cloud's water drops reflecting sunlight. The orange color in the cloud's middle and bottom sections are reflections of a nearly red sunset. In contrast, the yellow color of the cloud's top results from reflection of light from a not-yet-setting Sun, where some -- but less -- blue light is being scattered away. Appearing to float above the plains in Texas, the featured impressive image of a dynamic cumulonimbus cloud was captured in 2021 while investigating a tornado.

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