動畫：烏洞 kā 恆星拆食落腹

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：Animation: Black Hole Destroys Star
• 動畫來源 kah 版權：DESY, Science Communication Lab
• 超空間：APOD 亂數產生器
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NSYSU)

[漢羅] 動畫：烏洞 kā 恆星拆食落腹

恆星若是 kah 烏洞行傷倚，會發生啥物代誌？ 烏洞 會 kā 伊拆食落腹，毋過實際上會按怎食？ 其實這毋是因為烏洞 ê 引力傷懸，是因為 引力差 kā 恆星 解體矣。 這支動畫 有解說這个解體過程。 代先你會看著一粒恆星接近烏洞。 紲落來，你會看著伊踅烏洞 ê 速度愈來愈緊，tī 伊愈來愈倚烏洞 ê 時陣，恆星 ê 外層大氣 嘛去予搝開。 恆星 ê 大氣，大部份攏湠去深空內底，毋過猶是有一寡仔繼續踅烏洞咧行，形成一塊 吸積盤。 這个 動畫 ê 第二部份，是𤆬你 到吸積盤附近看烏洞。 嘛𤆬你看 重力透鏡 造成 奇怪 ê 視覺效果。 你甚至會當看著較遠彼爿 ê 吸積盤。 落尾，你會當看著烏洞自轉軸方向 噴出來 ê 其中一條 噴射流。 理論 模型 表示講，這寡噴射流毋但會擲高能氣體出來，嘛會產生高能 中微子。 其中一款中微子，最近可能捌 tī 地球揣著。

[POJ] Tōng-ōe: O͘-tōng kā Hêng-chhiⁿ thiah-chia̍h-lo̍h-pak

Hêng-chhiⁿ nā-sī kah o͘-tōng kiâⁿ siuⁿ óa, ē hoat-seng siáⁿ-mih tāi-chì? O͘-tōng ē kā i thiah-chia̍h-lo̍h-pak, m̄-koh si̍t-chè-siōng ē án-chóaⁿ chia̍h? Kî-si̍t che m̄-sī in-ūi o͘-tōng ê ín-le̍k siuⁿ koân, sī in-ūi ín-le̍k-chha kā hêng-chhiⁿ kái-thé--ah. Chit-ki tōng-ōe ū kái-soeh chit-ê kái-thé kòe-têng. Tāi-seng lí ē khòaⁿ-tio̍h chi̍t-lia̍p hêng-chhiⁿ chiap-kīn o͘-tōng. Sòa--lo̍h-lâi, lí ē khòaⁿ-tio̍h i se̍h o͘-tōng ê sok-tō͘ lú-lâi-lú kín, tī i lú-lâi-lú óa o͘-tōng ê sî-chūn, hêng-chhiⁿ ê gōa-chân tāi-khì mā khì hō͘ khiú--khui. Hêng-chhiⁿ ê tāi-khì, tōa-pō͘-hūn lóng thòaⁿ khì chhim-khong lāi-té, m̄-koh iáu-sī ū chi̍t-kóa-á kè-sio̍k se̍h o͘-tōng leh kiâⁿ, hêng-sêng chi̍t-tè khip-chek-pôaⁿ. Chit-ê tōng-ōe ê tē-jī pō͘-hūn, sī chhōa lí kàu khip-chek-pôaⁿ hù-kīn khòaⁿ o͘-tōng. Mā chhōa lí khòaⁿ tiōng-le̍k thàu-kiàⁿ chō-sêng kî-koài ê sī-kak hāu-kó. Lí sīm-chì ē-tàng khòaⁿ-tio̍h khah hn̄g hit-pêng ê khip-chek-pôaⁿ. Lo̍h-bóe, lí ē-tàng khòaⁿ-tio̍h o͘-tōng chū-choán-te̍k hong-hiòng phùn--chhut-lâi ê kî-tiong chi̍t tiâu phùn-siā-liû. Lí-lūn bô͘-hêng piáu-sī kóng, chit kóa phùn-siā-liû m̄-nā ē tàn ko-lêng khì-thé chhut--lâi, mā ē sán-seng ko-lêng tiong-bî-chú. Kî-tiong chi̍t-khoán tiong-bî-chú, chòe-kīn khó-lêng bat tī Tē-kiû chhōe--tio̍h.

[KIP] Tōng-uē: Oo-tōng kā Hîng-tshinn thiah-tsia̍h-lo̍h-pak

Hîng-tshinn nā-sī kah oo-tōng kiânn siunn uá, ē huat-sing siánn-mih tāi-tsì? Oo-tōng ē kā i thiah-tsia̍h-lo̍h-pak, m̄-koh si̍t-tsè-siōng ē án-tsuánn tsia̍h? Kî-si̍t tse m̄-sī in-uī oo-tōng ê ín-li̍k siunn kuân, sī in-uī ín-li̍k-tsha kā hîng-tshinn kái-thé--ah. Tsit-ki tōng-uē ū kái-sueh tsit-ê kái-thé kuè-tîng. Tāi-sing lí ē khuànn-tio̍h tsi̍t-lia̍p hîng-tshinn tsiap-kīn oo-tōng. Suà--lo̍h-lâi, lí ē khuànn-tio̍h i se̍h oo-tōng ê sok-tōo lú-lâi-lú kín, tī i lú-lâi-lú uá oo-tōng ê sî-tsūn, hîng-tshinn ê guā-tsân tāi-khì mā khì hōo khiú--khui. Hîng-tshinn ê tāi-khì, tuā-pōo-hūn lóng thuànn khì tshim-khong lāi-té, m̄-koh iáu-sī ū tsi̍t-kuá-á kè-sio̍k se̍h oo-tōng leh kiânn, hîng-sîng tsi̍t-tè khip-tsik-puânn. Tsit-ê tōng-uē ê tē-jī pōo-hūn, sī tshuā lí kàu khip-tsik-puânn hù-kīn khuànn oo-tōng. Mā tshuā lí khuànn tiōng-li̍k thàu-kiànn tsō-sîng kî-kuài ê sī-kak hāu-kó. Lí sīm-tsì ē-tàng khuànn-tio̍h khah hn̄g hit-pîng ê khip-tsik-puânn. Lo̍h-bué, lí ē-tàng khuànn-tio̍h oo-tōng tsū-tsuán-ti̍k hong-hiòng phùn--tshut-lâi ê kî-tiong tsi̍t tiâu phùn-siā-liû. Lí-lūn bôo-hîng piáu-sī kóng, tsit kuá phùn-siā-liû m̄-nā ē tàn ko-lîng khì-thé tshut--lâi, mā ē sán-sing ko-lîng tiong-bî-tsú. Kî-tiong tsi̍t-khuán tiong-bî-tsú, tsuè-kīn khó-lîng bat tī Tē-kiû tshuē--tio̍h.

[English] Animation: Black Hole Destroys Star

What happens if a star gets too close to a black hole? The black hole can rip it apart -- but how? It's not the high gravitational attraction itself that's the problem -- it's the difference in gravitational pull across the star that creates the destruction. In the featured animated video illustrating this disintegration, you first see a star approaching the black hole. Increasing in orbital speed, the star's outer atmosphere is ripped away during closest approach. Much of the star's atmosphere disperses into deep space, but some continues to orbit the black hole and forms an accretion disk. The animation then takes you into the accretion disk while looking toward the black hole. Including the strange visual effects of gravitational lensing, you can even see the far side of the disk. Finally, you look along one of the jets being expelled along the spin axis. Theoretical models indicate that these jets not only expel energetic gas, but also create energetic neutrinos -- one of which may have been seen recently on Earth.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【烏洞】o͘-tōng/oo-tōng/黑洞/black hole
• 【引力差】in-le̍k-chha/in-li̍k-tsha/引力差/difference in gravitational
• 【解體】kái-thé/kái-thé/解體/rip it apart
• 【大氣】tāi-khì/tāi-khì/大氣/atmosphere
• 【吸積盤】khip-chek-pôaⁿ/khip-tsik-puânn/吸積盤/accretion disk
• 【重力透鏡】tiōng-le̍k thàu-kiàⁿ/tiōng-li̍k thàu-kiànn/重力透鏡/gravitational lensing
• 【噴射流】phùn-siā-liû/phùn-siā-liû/噴射流/jet
• 【中微子】tiong-bî-chú/tiong-bî-tsú/中微子/neutrinos
• 【自轉軸】chû-choán-te̍k/tsû-tsuán-ti̍k/自轉軸/spin axis