英仙座 GK：新星 kah 行星狀星雲

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：GK Per: Nova and Planetary Nebula
• 影像來源 kah 版權：Deep Sky Collective
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NSYSU)

[漢羅] 英仙座 GK：新星 kah 行星形星雲

恆星系統 GK Per 干焦 kah 相片 內底 3 个星雲內底 ê 2 个有關係。 英仙座 GK 內底 ê 新星 英仙座 1901 就 tī 1500 光年 遠 ê 所在，是目前為止有紀錄–ê，第二近 ê 新星。 正中央是一粒 白矮星，伊進前是一粒 類太陽恆星，這是伊留落來 ê 核心。 伊去予圓形 ê 煙火星雲包 tī 內底，這个星雲是 ùi 白矮星表面 噴出來 ê 氣體。 這个白矮星 發生 熱核爆炸，光度變甲足光–ê，咱叫是講有一粒新 ê 星，就 kā 叫做 新星，這 tī 1901 年 ê 時陣有紀錄落來。 踅 tī 煙火星雲外口彼輾紅光氣體，過去是中心彼粒恆星 ê 大氣層。 這款氣體 tī 新星 爆炸進前去予擲出來，湠開了後，看起來就敢若是 行星形星雲。 畫面頂懸 較暗 ê 殕色氣體，是拄仔好 迒過伊 ê 星際卷雲。 1901 年 ê 時陣，英仙座 GK ê 新星 是比 參宿四 閣較光。 恆星系統 北冕座 T，按算今年嘛會有一粒 新星爆炸，毋過咱毋知影伊當時會爆炸，嘛毋知伊會變 偌光。

[POJ] Eng-sian-chō GK: Sin-seng kah Kiâⁿ-chheⁿ-hêng Seng-hûn

Hêng-chheⁿ hē-thóng GK Per kan-na kah siòng-phìⁿ lāi-té 3 ê seng-hûn lāi-té ê 2 ê ū koan-hē. Eng-sian-chō GK lāi-té ê sin-seng Eng-sian-chō 1901 tō tī 1500 kng-nî hn̄g ê só͘-chāi, sī bo̍k-chêng ûi-chí ū kì-lo̍k–ê, tē-jī kīn ê Sin-seng. Chiàⁿ tiong-ng sī chi̍t-lia̍p pe̍h-é-chheⁿ, i chìn-chêng sī chi̍t-lia̍p lūi thài-iông hêng-chheⁿ, che-sī ī lâu–lo̍h-lâi ê he̍k-sim. I khì hō͘ îⁿ-hêng ê Ian-hóe Seng-hûn pau tī lāi-té, chit-ê seng-hûn sī ùi pe̍h-é-chheⁿ piáu-bīn phùn chhut-lâi ê khì-thé. chit-ê pe̍h-é-chheⁿ hoat-seng jia̍t-he̍k po̍k-chà, kng-tō͘ piàn kah chiok kng–ê, lán kiò sī kóng ū chi̍t-lia̍p sin ê chheⁿ, tō kā kiò-chò sin-seng, che tī 1901 nî ê sî-chūn ū kì-lo̍k lo̍h-lâi. Se̍h tī Ian-hóe Seng-hûn gōa-kháu hit-liàn âng-kng khì-thé, kòe-khì sī tiong-sim hit lia̍p hêng-chheⁿ ê tāi-khì-chân. Chit-khoán khì-thé tī sin-seng po̍k-chà chìn-chêng khì hō͘ tàn–chhut-lâi, thòaⁿ-khui liáu-āu, khòaⁿ–khí-lâi tō káⁿ-nā sī kiâⁿ-chheⁿ-hêng seng-hûn. Ōe-bīn téng-koân khah àm ê phú-sek khì-thé, sī tú-á-hó hāⁿ-kòe i ê seng-chè kńg-hûn. 1901 nî ê sî-chūn, Eng-sian-chō GK ê sin-seng sī pí Chham-siù-sù koh-khah kng. Hêng-chheⁿ hē-thóng Pak-bián-chō T, àn-sǹg kin-nî mā ē ū chi̍t-lia̍p sin-seng po̍k-chà, m̄-koh lán m̄-chai-iáⁿ i tang-sî ē po̍k-chà, mā m̄-chai i ē piàn gōa kng.

[KIP] Ing-sian-tsō GK: Sin-sing kah Kiânn-tshenn-hîng Sing-hûn

Hîng-tshenn hē-thóng GK Per kan-na kah siòng-phìnn lāi-té 3 ê sing-hûn lāi-té ê 2 ê ū kuan-hē. Ing-sian-tsō GK lāi-té ê sin-sing Ing-sian-tsō 1901 tō tī 1500 kng-nî hn̄g ê sóo-tsāi, sī bo̍k-tsîng uî-tsí ū kì-lo̍k–ê, tē-jī kīn ê Sin-sing. Tsiànn tiong-ng sī tsi̍t-lia̍p pe̍h-é-tshenn, i tsìn-tsîng sī tsi̍t-lia̍p luī thài-iông hîng-tshenn, tse-sī ī lâu–lo̍h-lâi ê hi̍k-sim. I khì hōo înn-hîng ê Ian-hué Sing-hûn pau tī lāi-té, tsit-ê sing-hûn sī uì pe̍h-é-tshenn piáu-bīn phùn tshut-lâi ê khì-thé. tsit-ê pe̍h-é-tshenn huat-sing jia̍t-hi̍k po̍k-tsà, kng-tōo piàn kah tsiok kng–ê, lán kiò sī kóng ū tsi̍t-lia̍p sin ê tshenn, tō kā kiò-tsò sin-sing, tse tī 1901 nî ê sî-tsūn ū kì-lo̍k lo̍h-lâi. Se̍h tī Ian-hué Sing-hûn guā-kháu hit-liàn âng-kng khì-thé, kuè-khì sī tiong-sim hit lia̍p hîng-tshenn ê tāi-khì-tsân. Tsit-khuán khì-thé tī sin-sing po̍k-tsà tsìn-tsîng khì hōo tàn–tshut-lâi, thuànn-khui liáu-āu, khuànn–khí-lâi tō kánn-nā sī kiânn-tshenn-hîng sing-hûn. Uē-bīn tíng-kuân khah àm ê phú-sik khì-thé, sī tú-á-hó hānn-kuè i ê sing-tsè kńg-hûn. 1901 nî ê sî-tsūn, Ing-sian-tsō GK ê sin-sing sī pí Tsham-siù-sù koh-khah kng. Hîng-tshenn hē-thóng Pak-bián-tsō T, àn-sǹg kin-nî mā ē ū tsi̍t-lia̍p sin-sing po̍k-tsà, m̄-koh lán m̄-tsai-iánn i tang-sî ē po̍k-tsà, mā m̄-tsai i ē piàn guā kng.

[English] GK Per: Nova and Planetary Nebula

The star system GK Per is known to be associated with only two of the three nebulas pictured. At 1500 light years distant, Nova Persei 1901 GK Persei was the second closest nova yet recorded. At the very center is a white dwarf star, the surviving core of a former Sun-like star. It is surrounded by the circular Firework nebula, gas that was ejected by a thermonuclear explosion on the white dwarf’s surface – a nova – as recorded in 1901. The red glowing gas surrounding the Firework nebula is the atmosphere that used to surround the central star. This gas was expelled before the nova and appears as a diffuse planetary nebula. The faint gray gas running across is interstellar cirrus that seems to be just passing through coincidently. In 1901, GK Per’s nova became brighter than Betelgeuse. Similarly, star system T CrB is expected to erupt in a nova later this year, but we don’t know exactly when nor how bright it will become.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【英仙座 GK】Eng-sian-chō/Ing-sian-tsō/英仙座 GK/GK Persei
• 【英仙座 1901】Eng-sian-chō it-kiú-khòng-it/Ing-sian-tsō it-kiú-khòng-it/英仙座 1901/Persei 1901
• 【新星】sin-seng/sin-sing/新星/Nova
• 【行星形星雲】kiâⁿ-chheⁿ-hêng seng-hûn/kiânn-tshenn-hîng sing-hûn/行星狀星雲/planetary nebula
• 【煙火星雲】Ian-hóe Seng-hûn/Ian-hué Sing-hûn/煙火星雲/Firework Nebula
• 【白矮星】pe̍h-é-chheⁿ/pe̍h-é-tshenn/白矮星/white dwarf star
• 【參宿四】Chham-siù-sù/Tsham-siù-sù/參宿四/Betelgeuse
• 【北冕座 T】Pak-bián-chō T/Pak-bián-tsō T/北冕座 T/T CrB
• 【熱核爆炸】jia̍t-he̍k po̍k-chà/jia̍t-hi̍k po̍k-tsà/熱核爆炸/thermonuclear explosion
• 【大氣層】tāi-khì-chân/tāi-khì-tsân/大氣層/atmosphere
• 【星際卷雲】seng-chè kǹg-hûn/sing-tsè kǹg-hûn/星際卷雲/interstellar cirrus
• 【類太陽恆星】lūi thài-iông hêng-chheⁿ/luī thài-iông hîng-tshenn/類太陽恆星/Sun-like star