Hoag 天體：會當講是完美 ê 圓箍仔星系

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：Hoag’s Object: A Nearly Perfect Ring Galaxy
• 影像來源：NASA, ESA, Hubble; 資料處理：Benoit Blanco
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NSYSU)

[漢羅] Hoag 天體：會當講是完美 ê 圓箍仔星系

這是一个 抑是 兩个星系？ 這个問題出現 tī 1950 年，彼陣 ê 天文學家 Arthur Hoag 雄雄發現這个無四常 ê 銀河系外天體。 外箍圍仔主要是藍色恆星組成–ê，中央核球主要是較老 ê 紅色恆星，in 之間是一个 o͘-mih-mà ê 縫。 Hoag 天體 是 按怎形成–ê？ 是按怎伊有這个 會當講是完美 ê 圓箍仔？ 到今咱猶毋知。 是講，這个圓箍仔內底，攏是恆星 kah 氣體。 Kah 起源有關係 ê 假說 講，星系 tī 幾若十億年前 相挵 了後，重力改變造成星系中心 ê 星系棍仔 消失 去矣。 這張相片 是 哈伯太空望遠鏡 翕–ê，了後用 人工智慧 ê 演算法 kā 背景雜訊刣掉，才閣重新處理過–ê。 無線電波波段 ê 觀測表示講，Hoag 天體 tī 過去 幾若十億年 ê 時間內，並無 吸積 一个較細 ê 星系。 Hoag 天體 差不多有 10 萬 光年 大，伊就 chhāi tī 蛇 ê 星座 (巨蛇座) 方向 6 億 光年 遠 ê 所在。 咱閣會當看著 tī 影像正爿有足濟遙遠 ê 星系，而且真拄仔好，7 點鐘方向閣有另外一个較遠 ê 圓箍仔星系。

[POJ] Hoag thian-thé: Ē-tàng kóng sī oân-bí ê Îⁿ-kho͘-á seng-hē

Che-sī chi̍t-ê ia̍h-sī nn̄g-ê seng-hē? Chit-ê būn-tê chhut-hiān tī 1950 nî, hit-chūn ê thian-bûn ha̍k-ka Arthur Hoag hiông-hiông hoat-hiān chit-ê bô sù-siông ê gîn-hô-hē-gōa thian-thé. Gōa-kho͘-ûi-á chú-iàu sī nâ-sek hêng-chheⁿ cho͘-sêng–ê, tiong-ng he̍k-kiû chú-iàu sī khah lāu ê âng-sek hêng-chheⁿ, in chi-kan sī chi̍t-ê o͘-mih-mà ê phāng. Hoag thian-thé sī-án-nóa hêng-sêng–ê? Sī-án-chóaⁿ i ū chit-ê ē-tàng kóng sī oân-bí ê îⁿ-kho͘-á? Kàu-taⁿ lán iau m̄-chai. Sī-kóng, chit-ê îⁿ-kho͘-á lāi-té, lóng sī hêng-chheⁿ kah khì-thé. Kah khí-goân ū koan-hē ê ká-soat kóng, seng-hē tī kúi-nā cha̍p-ek nî-chêng sio-lòng liáu-āu, tiōng-le̍k kái-piàn chō-sêng seng-hē tiong-sim ê seng-hē kùn-á siau-sit khì–ah. Chit-tiuⁿ siòng-phìⁿ sī Ha-peh Thài-khong Bōng-oán-kiàⁿ hip–ê, liáu-āu iōng jîn-kang tì-hūi ê ián-sǹg-hoat kā pōe-kéng cha̍p-sìn thâi-tiāu, chiah-koh tiông-sin chhú-lí kòe–ê. Bû-sòaⁿ-tiān-pho pho-tōaⁿ ê koan-chhek piáu-sī kóng, Hoag thian-thé tī kòe-khì kúi-nā cha̍p-ek nî ê sî-kan-lāi, pēng bô khip-chek chi̍t-ê khah sè ê seng-hē. Hoag thian-thé chha-put-to ū 10 bān kng-nî tōa, i to̍h chhāi tī chôa ê seng-chō (Kū-siâ-chō) hong-hiòng 6 ek kng-nî hn̄g ê só͘-chāi. Lán koh ē-tàng khòaⁿ-tio̍h tī iáⁿ-siōng chiàⁿ-pêng ū chiok chē iâu-oán ê seng-hē, jî-chhiáⁿ chin tú-á-hó, 7 tiám-cheng hong-hiòng koh-ū lēng-gōa chi̍t-ê khah hn̄g ê îⁿ-kho͘-á seng-hē.

[KIP] Hoag thian-thé: Ē-tàng kóng sī uân-bí ê Înn-khoo-á sing-hē

Tse-sī tsi̍t-ê ia̍h-sī nn̄g-ê sing-hē? Tsit-ê būn-tê tshut-hiān tī 1950 nî, hit-tsūn ê thian-bûn ha̍k-ka Arthur Hoag hiông-hiông huat-hiān tsit-ê bô sù-siông ê gîn-hô-hē-guā thian-thé. Guā-khoo-uî-á tsú-iàu sī nâ-sik hîng-tshenn tsoo-sîng–ê, tiong-ng hi̍k-kiû tsú-iàu sī khah lāu ê âng-sik hîng-tshenn, in tsi-kan sī tsi̍t-ê oo-mih-mà ê phāng. Hoag thian-thé sī-án-nuá hîng-sîng–ê? Sī-án-tsuánn i ū tsit-ê ē-tàng kóng sī uân-bí ê înn-khoo-á? Kàu-tann lán iau m̄-tsai. Sī-kóng, tsit-ê înn-khoo-á lāi-té, lóng sī hîng-tshenn kah khì-thé. Kah khí-guân ū kuan-hē ê ká-suat kóng, sing-hē tī kuí-nā tsa̍p-ik nî-tsîng sio-lòng liáu-āu, tiōng-li̍k kái-piàn tsō-sîng sing-hē tiong-sim ê sing-hē kùn-á siau-sit khì–ah. Tsit-tiunn siòng-phìnn sī Ha-peh Thài-khong Bōng-uán-kiànn hip–ê, liáu-āu iōng jîn-kang tì-huī ê ián-sǹg-huat kā puē-kíng tsa̍p-sìn thâi-tiāu, tsiah-koh tiông-sin tshú-lí kuè–ê. Bû-suànn-tiān-pho pho-tuānn ê kuan-tshik piáu-sī kóng, Hoag thian-thé tī kuè-khì kuí-nā tsa̍p-ik nî ê sî-kan-lāi, pīng bô khip-tsik tsi̍t-ê khah sè ê sing-hē. Hoag thian-thé tsha-put-to ū 10 bān kng-nî tuā, i to̍h tshāi tī tsuâ ê sing-tsō (Kū-siâ-tsō) hong-hiòng 6 ik kng-nî hn̄g ê sóo-tsāi. Lán koh ē-tàng khuànn-tio̍h tī iánn-siōng tsiànn-pîng ū tsiok tsē iâu-uán ê sing-hē, jî-tshiánn tsin tú-á-hó, 7 tiám-tsing hong-hiòng koh-ū līng-guā tsi̍t-ê khah hn̄g ê înn-khoo-á sing-hē.

[English] Hoag’s Object: A Nearly Perfect Ring Galaxy 霍格天體 : 近乎完美的環狀星系

Is this one galaxy or two? This question came to light in 1950 when astronomer Arthur Hoag chanced upon this unusual extragalactic object. On the outside is a ring dominated by bright blue stars, while near the center lies a ball of much redder stars that are likely much older. Between the two is a gap that appears almost completely dark. How Hoag’s Object formed, including its nearly perfectly round ring of stars and gas, remains unknown. Genesis hypotheses include a galaxy collision billions of years ago and the gravitational effect of a central bar that has since vanished. The featured photo was taken by the Hubble Space Telescope and reprocessed using an artificially intelligent de-noising algorithm. Observations in radio waves indicate that Hoag’s Object has not accreted a smaller galaxy in the past billion years. Hoag’s Object spans about 100,000 light years and lies about 600 million light years away toward the constellation of the Snake (Serpens). Many galaxies far in the distance are visible toward the right, while coincidentally, visible in the gap at about seven o’clock, is another but more distant ring galaxy.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【Hoag 天體】Hoag thian-thé/Hoag thian-thé/霍格天體/Hoag’s Object
• 【哈伯太空望遠鏡】Ha-peh Thài-khong Bōng-oán-kiàⁿ/Ha-peh Thài-khong Bōng-uán-kiànn/哈伯太空望遠鏡/Hubble Space Telescope
• 【圓箍仔星系】Îⁿ-kho͘-á Seng-hē/Înn-khoo-á Sing-hē/環星系/ring galaxy
• 【銀河系外天體】gîn-hô gōa thian-thé/gîn-hô guā thian-thé/銀河系外天體/extragalactic object
• 【人工智慧】jîn-kang tì-hūi/jîn-kang tì-huī/人工智慧/artificially intelligent
• 【巨蛇座】Kū-siâ-chō/Kū-siâ-tsō/巨蛇座/Serpens
• 【吸積】khip-chek/khip-tsik/吸積/accrete
• 【星系棍仔】seng-hē kùn-á/sing-hē kùn-á/星系棍/galactic bar
• 【演算法】ián-soàn-hoat/ián-suàn-huat/演算法/algorithm