NGC 253：厚塗粉 ê 島宇宙

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：NGC 253: Dusty Island Universe
• 影像來源 kah 版權：Steve Crouch
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NSYSU)

[漢羅] NGC 253：厚塗粉 ê 島宇宙

光爍爍 ê NGC 253 是天頂上光–ê，嘛是上厚塗粉 ê 捲螺仔星系之一。 有人 kā 叫做 龍銀星系，這是伊 tī 細台望遠鏡內底 看起來 ê 形體。 嘛有人 kā 叫做 玉夫座星系，因為伊就 tī 南天 ê 玉夫座內底。 這个厚塗粉 ê 島宇宙就 tī 1000 萬光年遠 ê 所在。 伊是 1783 年，一个數學家兼天文學家 Caroline Herschel 發現–ê。 NGC 253 差不多有 7 萬光年大，是 玉夫座星系群 內底上大粒 ê 成員。 玉夫座星系群是離咱 本星系群 上近 ê 星系群。 Tī 這張彩色 ê 星系影像 內底，除了捲螺仔星系頂懸 ê 塗粉帶以外，星系盤 內底 ê 少年星團 kah 恆星形成區，嘛充滿 坱 phōng-phōng ê 塗粉。 遮爾濟塗粉 kah 激烈 ê 恆星形成活動，予 NGC 253 成做一个 星爆星系。 NGC 253 嘛是一个有強烈 高能 X 光 kah gamma 光 ê 發射源，這真有可能是因為這个星系中心附近有一寡大質量烏洞。

[POJ] NGC 253: Kāu thô͘-hún ê Tó ú-tiū

Kng-sih-sih ê NGC 253 sī thiⁿ-téng siōng kng–ê, mā-sī sióng kāu thô͘-hún ê kńg-lê-á seng-hē chi-it. Ū-lâng kā kiò-chò Liông-gîn Seng-hē, che-sī i tī sè-tâi bōng-oán-kiàⁿ lāi-té khòaⁿ-khí-lâi ê hêng-thé. Mā ū-lâng kā kiò-chò Gio̍k-hu-chō Seng-hē, in-ūi i to̍h tī lâm-thian ê Gio̍k-hu-chō lāi-té. Chit-ê kāu thô͘-hún ê tó ú-tiū to̍h tī 1000 bān kng-nî hn̄g ê só͘-chāi. I sī 1783 nî, chi̍t-ē sò͘-ha̍k-ka kiam thian-bûn ha̍k-ka Caroline Herschel hoat-hiān–ê. NGC 253 chha-put-to ū 7 bān kng-nî tōa, sī Gio̍k-hu-chō Seng-hē-kûn lāi-té siōng tōa-lia̍p ê sêng-oân. Gio̍k-hu-chō Seng-hē-kûn sī lī lán Pún Seng-hē-kûn siōng kīn ê seng-hē-kûn. Tī chit-tiuⁿ chhái-sek ê seng-hē iáⁿ-siōng lāi-té, tû-liáu kńg-lê-á seng-hē téng-koân ê thô͘-hún-tòa í-gōa, seng-hē-pôaⁿ lāi-té ê siàu-liân seng-thoân kah hêng-chheⁿ hêng-sêng-khu, mā chhiong-boán eng-phōng-phōng ê thô͘-hún. Chiah-nī chē thô͘-hún kah kek-lia̍t ê hêng-chheⁿ hêng-sêng oa̍h-tōng, hō͘ NGC 253 chiâⁿ-chò chi̍t-ê seng-po̍k seng-hē. NGC 253 mā-sī chi̍t-ê ū kiông-lia̍t ko-lêng X kng kah gamma kng ê hoat-siā-goân, che chin ū khó-lêng sī in-ūi chit-ê seng-hē tiong-sim hù-kīn ū chi̍t-kóa tōa-chit-liōng o͘-tōng.

[KIP] NGC 253: Kāu thôo-hún ê Tó ú-tiū

Kng-sih-sih ê NGC 253 sī thinn-tíng siōng kng–ê, mā-sī sióng kāu thôo-hún ê kńg-lê-á sing-hē tsi-it. Ū-lâng kā kiò-tsò Liông-gîn Sing-hē, tse-sī i tī sè-tâi bōng-uán-kiànn lāi-té khuànn-khí-lâi ê hîng-thé. Mā ū-lâng kā kiò-tsò Gio̍k-hu-tsō Sing-hē, in-uī i to̍h tī lâm-thian ê Gio̍k-hu-tsō lāi-té. Tsit-ê kāu thôo-hún ê tó ú-tiū to̍h tī 1000 bān kng-nî hn̄g ê sóo-tsāi. I sī 1783 nî, tsi̍t-ē sòo-ha̍k-ka kiam thian-bûn ha̍k-ka Caroline Herschel huat-hiān–ê. NGC 253 tsha-put-to ū 7 bān kng-nî tuā, sī Gio̍k-hu-tsō Sing-hē-kûn lāi-té siōng tuā-lia̍p ê sîng-uân. Gio̍k-hu-tsō Sing-hē-kûn sī lī lán Pún Sing-hē-kûn siōng kīn ê sing-hē-kûn. Tī tsit-tiunn tshái-sik ê sing-hē iánn-siōng lāi-té, tû-liáu kńg-lê-á sing-hē tíng-kuân ê thôo-hún-tuà í-guā, sing-hē-puânn lāi-té ê siàu-liân sing-thuân kah hîng-tshenn hîng-sîng-khu, mā tshiong-buán ing-phōng-phōng ê thôo-hún. Tsiah-nī tsē thôo-hún kah kik-lia̍t ê hîng-tshenn hîng-sîng ua̍h-tōng, hōo NGC 253 tsiânn-tsò tsi̍t-ê sing-po̍k sing-hē. NGC 253 mā-sī tsi̍t-ê ū kiông-lia̍t ko-lîng X kng kah gamma kng ê huat-siā-guân, tse tsin ū khó-lîng sī in-uī tsit-ê sing-hē tiong-sim hù-kīn ū tsi̍t-kuá tuā-tsit-liōng oo-tōng.

[English] NGC 253: Dusty Island Universe

Shiny NGC 253 is one of the brightest spiral galaxies visible, and also one of the dustiest. Some call it the Silver Coin Galaxy for its appearance in small telescopes, or just the Sculptor Galaxy for its location within the boundaries of the southern constellation Sculptor. Discovered in 1783 by mathematician and astronomer Caroline Herschel, the dusty island universe lies a mere 10 million light-years away. About 70 thousand light-years across, NGC 253 is the largest member of the Sculptor Group of Galaxies, the nearest to our own Local Group of Galaxies. In addition to its spiral dust lanes, tendrils of dust seem to be rising from its galactic disk laced with young star clusters and star forming regions in this colorful galaxy portrait. The high dust content accompanies frantic star formation, earning NGC 253 the designation of a starburst galaxy. NGC 253 is also known to be a strong source of high-energy x-rays and gamma rays, likely due to massive black holes near the galaxy’s center.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【NGC 253】NGC jī-ngó͘-sam/NGC jī-ngóo-sam/NGC 253/NGC 253
• 【島宇宙】tó-ú-tiū/tó-ú-tiū/島宇宙/island universe
• 【捲螺仔星系】kńg-lê-á seng-hē/kńg-lê-á sing-hē/螺旋星系/spiral galaxy
• 【龍銀星系】Liông-gîn Seng-hē/Liông-gîn Sing-hē/銀元星系/Silver Coin Galaxy
• 【玉夫座星系】Gio̍k-hu-chō Seng-hē/Gio̍k-hu-tsō Sing-hē/玉夫座星系/Sculptor Galaxy
• 【玉夫座】Gio̍k-hu-chō/Gio̍k-hu-tsō/玉夫座/constellation Sculptor
• 【玉夫座星系群】Gio̍k-hu-chō Seng-hē-kûn/Gio̍k-hu-tsō Sing-hē-kûn/玉夫座星系群/Sculptor Group of Galaxies
• 【本星系群】Pún Seng-hē-kûn/Pún Sing-hē-kûn/本星系群/Local Group of Galaxies
• 【塗粉帶】thô͘-hún-tōa/thôo-hún-tuā/塵埃帶/dust lane
• 【星系盤】seng-hē-pôaⁿ/sing-hē-puânn/星系盤/galactic disk
• 【星團】seng-thoân/sing-thuân/星團/star clusters
• 【恆星形成區】hêng-chheⁿ hêng-sêng-khu/hîng-tshenn hîng-sîng-khu/恆星形成區/star forming region
• 【星爆星系】seng-po̍k seng-hē/sing-po̍k sing-hē/星爆星系/starburst galaxy
• 【發射源】hoat-siā-goân/huat-siā-guân/發射源/source
• 【大質量烏洞】tōa-chit-liōng o͘-tōng/tuā-tsit-liōng oo-tōng/大質量黑洞/massive black hole