12 月 ê 熱天暗暝

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：A December Summer Night
• 影像來源 kah 版權：Ian Griffin (Otago Museum)
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NSYSU)

[漢羅] 12 月 ê 熱天暗暝

這張多彩 ê 恬靜夜空，是今年 冬節 tī 地球 南半球紐西蘭翕–ê 8 分鐘感光相片。 向南方看過去，就 tī 相片頂懸遐，會看著恆星 tī 天頂有短短 ê 仝心弧軌跡，踅 地球 ê 南天極 咧行。 相片中心 ê 倒爿頂懸，是 南十字星群 ê 軌跡 kah 銀河 ê 烏斑，火炭橐仔星雲。 其中，半人馬座 Alpha kah Beta 較光 ê 黃色軌跡 kah 藍色軌跡，反射 tī Otago 半島 ê 南島 ê 太平洋海岸，Hoopers 灣，ê 海面上。 12 月 短短 ê 熱天暗暝，南極光 嘛 tī 山崙天頂發出青光 kah 紅光。 極光是 頂層大氣 ê 原子 kah 分子 kah 高能粒子相挵了後激發，發出 ê 光。 頂層大氣 ê 光，kah 極光無仝。 伊出現 tī 相片倒爿頂懸 ê 對角線，是受著 日光激發 產生 ê 連紲化學反應，才會發出淺色 ê 青色輝光。

[POJ] 12 goe̍h ê Loa̍h-thiⁿ àm-mî

Chit-tiuⁿ to-chhái ê tiām-chēng iā-khong, sī kin-nî tang-cheh tī Tē-kiû lâm-pòaⁿ-kiû Niú-se-lân hip–ê 8 hun-cheng kám-kng siòng-phìⁿ. Hiòng lâm-hong khòaⁿ–kòe-khì, to̍h tī siòng-phìⁿ téng-koân hiah, ē khòaⁿ-tio̍h hêng-chheⁿ tī thiⁿ-téng ū té-té ê kāng-sim-hô͘ khúi jiah, se̍h Tē-kiû ê lâm-thian-ke̍k leh kiâⁿ. Siòng-phìⁿ tiong-sim ê tò-pêng téng-koân,sī Lâm-si̍p-jī seng-kûn ê khúi jiah kah gîrn-hô ê o͘-pan,hóe-thòaⁿ lok-á chheⁿ hûn. Kî-tiong, Pòaⁿ-jîn-má-chō Alpha kah Beta khah kng ê n̂g-sek khúi-jiah kah nâ-sek khúi-jiah, hoán-siā tī Otago poàn-tó ê Lâm-tó ê Thài-pêng-iûⁿ hái-hōaⁿ, Hoopers oân, ê hái-bīn-siōng. 12 goe̍h té-té ê loa̍h-thiⁿ àm-mî, lâm-ke̍k-kng mā tī soaⁿ-lūn thiⁿ-téng hoat-chhut chheⁿ-kng kah âng-kng. Ke̍k-kng sī téng-chân tāi-khì ê goân-chú kah hun-chú kah ko-lêng lia̍p-chú sio-lòng liáu-āu kek-hoat, hoat–chhut ê kng. Téng-chân tāi-khì ê kng, kah ke̍k-kng bô-kâng. I chhut-hiān tī siòng-phìⁿ tò-pêng téng-koân ê tùi-kak-sòaⁿ, sī siū-tio̍h ji̍t-kng kek-hoat sán-seng ê liân-sòa hòa-ha̍k hoán-èng, chiah-ē hoat-chhut chhián-sek ê chheⁿ-sek hui-kng.

[KIP] 12 gue̍h ê Lua̍h-thinn àm-mî

Tsit-tiunn to-tshái ê tiām-tsīng iā-khong, sī kin-nî tang-tseh tī Tē-kiû lâm-puànn-kiû Niú-se-lân hip–ê 8 hun-tsing kám-kng siòng-phìnn. Hiòng lâm-hong khuànn–kuè-khì, to̍h tī siòng-phìnn tíng-kuân hiah, ē khuànn-tio̍h hîng-tshenn tī thinn-tíng ū té-té ê kāng-sim-hôo khuí jiah, se̍h Tē-kiû ê lâm-thian-ki̍k leh kiânn. Siòng-phìnn tiong-sim ê tò-pîng tíng-kuân,sī Lâm-si̍p-jī sing-kûn ê khuí jiah kah gîrn-hô ê oo-pan,hué-thuànn lok-á tshenn hûn. Kî-tiong, Puànn-jîn-má-tsō Alpha kah Beta khah kng ê n̂g-sik khuí-jiah kah nâ-sik khuí-jiah, huán-siā tī Otago puàn-tó ê Lâm-tó ê Thài-pîng-iûnn hái-huānn, Hoopers uân, ê hái-bīn-siōng. 12 gue̍h té-té ê lua̍h-thinn àm-mî, lâm-ki̍k-kng mā tī suann-lūn thinn-tíng huat-tshut tshenn-kng kah âng-kng. Ki̍k-kng sī tíng-tsân tāi-khì ê guân-tsú kah hun-tsú kah ko-lîng lia̍p-tsú sio-lòng liáu-āu kik-huat, huat–tshut ê kng. Tíng-tsân tāi-khì ê kng, kah ki̍k-kng bô-kâng. I tshut-hiān tī siòng-phìnn tò-pîng tíng-kuân ê tuì-kak-suànn, sī siū-tio̍h ji̍t-kng kik-huat sán-sing ê liân-suà huà-ha̍k huán-ìng, tsiah-ē huat-tshut tshián-sik ê tshenn-sik hui-kng.

[English] A December Summer Night

Colours of a serene evening sky are captured in this 8 minute exposure, made near this December’s solstice from New Zealand, southern hemisphere, planet Earth. Looking south, star trails form the short concentric arcs around the rotating planet’s south celestial pole positioned just off the top of the frame. At top and left of center are trails of the Southern Cross stars and a dark smudge from the Milky Way’s Coalsack Nebula. Alpha and Beta Centauri make the brighter yellow and blue tinted trails, reflected below in the waters of Hoopers Inlet in the Pacific coast of the South Island’s Otago Peninsula. On that short December summer night, aurora australis also gave luminous, green and reddish hues to the sky above the hills. Aurora shine as atoms and molecules in the upper atmosphere are excited by collisions with energetic particles. An upper atmospheric glow distinct from the aurora, a pale greenish airglow caused by a cascade of chemical reactions excited by sunlight, can be traced in diagonal bands at top left.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【冬節】tang-cheh/tang-tseh/冬至/December’s solstice
• 【南半球】lâm-pòaⁿ-kiû/lâm-puànn-kiû/南半球/southern hemisphere
• 【仝心弧】kāng-sim-hô͘/kāng-sim-hôo/同心弧/concentric arcs
• 【南天極】lâm-thian-ke̍k/lâm-thian-ki̍k/南天極/south celestial pole
• 【南十字星群】Lâm-si̍p-jī Seng-kûn/Lâm-si̍p-jī Sing-kûn/南十字星群/Southern Cross stars
• 【火炭橐仔星雲】Hóe-thòaⁿ-lok-á Seng-hûn/Hué-thuànn-lok-á Sing-hûn/煤袋星雲/Coalsack Nebula
• 【半人馬座】Poàn-jîn-má-chō/Puàn-jîn-má-tsō/半人馬座/Centauri
• 【南極光】lâm-ke̍k-kng/lâm-ki̍k-kng/南極光/aurora australis
• 【對角線】tùi-kak-sòaⁿ/tuì-kak-suànn/對角線/diagonal
• 【輝光】hui-kng/hui-kng/輝光/airglow