太陽極小期 kah 太陽極大期

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：Solar Minimum versus Solar Maximum
• 影片來源：NASA, SDO, SVS
• 夜空網路：APOD editor to review coolest space images of 2023
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NSYSU)

[漢羅] 太陽極小期 kah 太陽極大期

太陽表面是一直咧改變。 有幾若年是 tiām-chih-chih，太陽烏子 kah 活跳區嘛較少。 其他年就較活跳較激烈，太陽烏子 嘛較濟，閣定定有 日冕物質噴射 (CME) kah 太陽爍光。 太陽 表面受著磁性 ê 影響會產生反應。 每 11 年一个週期，會經過相對較恬 ê 太陽極小期，kah 相對活跳跳 ê 太陽極大期。 這支影片 ê 倒爿是 2019 年底一個月 ê 時陣，太陽 tī 太陽極小期 附近。 正爿是 2014 年 ê 其中一個月，太陽極大期 ê 時陣。 影片是 NASA 太陽動態天文台 tī 遠紫外光 波段翕–ê。 咱 ê 太陽會 tī 2025 年才來到 太陽極大期，毋過 意外 ê 是，太陽表面這馬已經有足濟太陽活動矣。

[POJ] Thài-iâng ke̍k-sió-kî kah Thài-iông ke̍k-tōa-ki

Thài-iâng piáu-bīn sī it-ti̍t leh kái-piàn. Ū kúi-nā nî sī tiām-chih-chih, Thài-iông o͘-chí kah oa̍h-thiàu khu mā khah chió. Kî-thaⁿ nî tō khah oa̍h-thiàu khah kek-lia̍t, thài-iông o͘-chú mā khah-chè, koh tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ ū Ji̍t-bián Bu̍t-chit Phùn-siā (CME) kah Thài-iông sih-kng. Thài-iâng piáu-bīn siū-tio̍h chû-sèng ê éng-hióng ē sán-seng hoán-èng. Múi 11 nî chi̍t-ê chiu-kî, ē keng-kòe siong-tùi khah tiām ê Thài-iông ke̍k-sió-kî, kah siong-tùi oa̍h-thiàu-thiàu ê Thài-iông ke̍k-tōa-kî. Chit-ki iáⁿ-phìⁿ ê tò-pêng sī 2019 nî-té chi̍t kò goe̍h ê sî-chūn, Thài-iông tī ke̍k-sió-kî hù-kīn. Chiàⁿ-pêng sī 2014 nî ê kî-tiong chi̍t kò goe̍h, Thài-iông ke̍k-tōa-kî ê sî-chūn. Iáⁿ-phìⁿ sī NASA Thài-iông Tōng-thài Thian-bûn-tâi tī oán-chí-gōa-kng pho-tōaⁿ hip–ê. Lán ê Thài-iông ē tī 2025 nî chiah lâi-kàu Thài-iông ke̍k-tōa-kî, m̄-koh ì-gōa ê sī, Thài-iông piáu-bīn chit-má í-keng ū chiok chē Thài-iông oa̍h-tāng–ah.

[KIP] Thài-iâng ki̍k-sió-kî kah Thài-iông ki̍k-tuā-ki

Thài-iâng piáu-bīn sī it-ti̍t leh kái-piàn. Ū kuí-nā nî sī tiām-tsih-tsih, Thài-iông oo-tsí kah ua̍h-thiàu khu mā khah tsió. Kî-thann nî tō khah ua̍h-thiàu khah kik-lia̍t, thài-iông oo-tsú mā khah-tsè, koh tiānn-tiānn ū Ji̍t-bián Bu̍t-tsit Phùn-siā (CME) kah Thài-iông sih-kng. Thài-iâng piáu-bīn siū-tio̍h tsû-sìng ê íng-hióng ē sán-sing huán-ìng. Muí 11 nî tsi̍t-ê tsiu-kî, ē king-kuè siong-tuì khah tiām ê Thài-iông ki̍k-sió-kî, kah siong-tuì ua̍h-thiàu-thiàu ê Thài-iông ki̍k-tuā-kî. Tsit-ki iánn-phìnn ê tò-pîng sī 2019 nî-té tsi̍t kò gue̍h ê sî-tsūn, Thài-iông tī ki̍k-sió-kî hù-kīn. Tsiànn-pîng sī 2014 nî ê kî-tiong tsi̍t kò gue̍h, Thài-iông ki̍k-tuā-kî ê sî-tsūn. Iánn-phìnn sī NASA Thài-iông Tōng-thài Thian-bûn-tâi tī uán-tsí-guā-kng pho-tuānn hip–ê. Lán ê Thài-iông ē tī 2025 nî tsiah lâi-kàu Thài-iông ki̍k-tuā-kî, m̄-koh ì-guā ê sī, Thài-iông piáu-bīn tsit-má í-king ū tsiok tsē Thài-iông ua̍h-tāng–ah.

[English] Solar Minimum versus Solar Maximum

The surface of our Sun is constantly changing. Some years it is quiet, showing relatively few sunspots and active regions. Other years it is churning, showing many sunspots and throwing frequent Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) and flares. Reacting to magnetism, our Sun’s surface goes through periods of relative calm, called Solar Minimum and relative unrest, called Solar Maximum, every 11 years. The featured video shows on the left a month in late 2019 when the Sun was near Solar Minimum, while on the right a month in 2014 when near Solar Maximum. The video was taken by NASA’s Solar Dynamic Observatory in far ultraviolet light. Our Sun is progressing again toward Solar Maximum in 2025, but displaying even now a surface with a surprisingly high amount of activity.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【太陽烏子】Thài-iông o͘-chú/Thài-iông oo-tsú/太陽烏子/sunspot
• 【太陽極大期】Thài-iông ke̍k-tōa-kî/Thài-iông ki̍k-tuā-kî/太陽極大期/Solar Maximum
• 【太陽極小期】Thài-iông ke̍k-sió-kî/Thài-iông ki̍k-sió-kî/太陽極小期/Solar Minimum
• 【日冕物質噴射】Ji̍t-bián Bu̍t-chit Phùn-siā/Ji̍t-bián Bu̍t-tsit Phùn-siā/日冕物質噴射/Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs)
• 【磁性】chû-sèng/tsû-sìng/磁性/magnetism
• 【太陽動態天文台】Thài-iông Tōng-thài Thian-bûn-tâi/Thài-iông Tōng-thài Thian-bûn-tâi/太陽動態天文台/Solar Dynamic Observatory