北京古觀像台天頂 ê 恆星軌跡

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：Startrails over Beijing Ancient Observatory
• 影像來源 kah 版權：Jeff Dai (TWAN)
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NSYSU)

[漢羅] 北京古觀像台天頂 ê 恆星軌跡

你會當 坐地鐵去參觀中國北京這个天文台，毋過你佇遐袂揣著任何望遠鏡。 天文學家佇西元 1400 年代踮 北京古觀象台 頂懸裝這台儀器，通追蹤一寡 目睭會當直接看著 ê 恆星 kah 行星 ê 位置，共 in 量較準咧。 其中一寡大型華麗 ê 天文儀器 到今猶佇遐。 今仔日你甚至會當佇觀星台頂懸看天星，毋過佇 城市燈火 遮爾光 ê 狀況下，干焦閣跤光 ê 天體才看會著。 這張是固定佇三跤馬頂懸 ê kha-mé-lah 照時間翕–ê 系列相片，有紀錄美麗 ê 弧形星軌，上光 ê 彼條光跡是月娘–ê。 伊 ê 弧較闊，就出現佇古觀象台黃銅 渾天儀 ê 後壁。 你嘛會使共這張 kah 1895 年 9 月翕–ê 北京古觀象台做比較。

[POJ] Pak-kiaⁿ Kó͘-koan-siōng-tâi thiⁿ-téng ê hêng-chheⁿ kúi-jiah

Lí ē-tàng chē tē-thih khì chham-koan Tiong-kok Pak-kiaⁿ chit-ê thian-bûn-tâi, m̄-koh lí tī-hiah bē chhōe-tio̍h jīm-hô bōng-oán-kiàⁿ. Thian-bûn ha̍k-ka tī se-goân 1400 nî-tāi tiàm Pak-kiaⁿ Kó͘-koan-siōng-tâi téng-koân chng chit tâi gî-khì, thang tui-chong chi̍t-kóa ba̍k-chiu ē-tàng ti̍t-chiap khòaⁿ–tio̍h ê hêng-chheⁿ kah kiâⁿ-chheⁿ ê ūi-tì, kā in niû khah chún–leh. Kî-tiong chi̍t-kóa tōa-hêng hôa-lē ê thian-bûn gî-khì kàu-taⁿ iáu tī-hiah. Kin-á-ji̍t lí sīm-chì ē-tàng tī koan-seng-tâi téng-koân khòaⁿ thiⁿ-chheⁿ, m̄-koh tī siâⁿ-chhī teng-hóe chiah-nī kng ê chōng-hóng hā, kan-na koh kha kng ê thian-thé chiah khòaⁿ-ē-tio̍h. Chit-tiuⁿ sī kò͘-tēng tī saⁿ-kha-bé téng-koân ê kha-mé-lah chiàu sî-kan hip–ê hē-lia̍t siòng-phìⁿ, ū kì-lio̍k bí-lē ê hô͘-hêng seng-kúi, siōng kng ê hit tiâu kng-jiah sī goe̍h-niû–ê. I ê hô͘ khah khoah, to̍h chhut-hiān tī Kó͘-koan-siōng-tâi n̂g-tâng Hûn-thian-gî ê āu-piah. Lí mā ē-sái kā chit-tiuⁿ kah 1895 nî 9 goe̍h hip–ê Pak-kiaⁿ Kó͘-koan-siōng-tâi chò pí-kàu.

[KIP] Pak-kiann Kóo-kuan-siōng-tâi thinn-tíng ê hîng-tshenn kuí-jiah

Lí ē-tàng tsē tē-thih khì tsham-kuan Tiong-kok Pak-kiann tsit-ê thian-bûn-tâi, m̄-koh lí tī-hiah bē tshuē-tio̍h jīm-hô bōng-uán-kiànn. Thian-bûn ha̍k-ka tī se-guân 1400 nî-tāi tiàm Pak-kiann Kóo-kuan-siōng-tâi tíng-kuân tsng tsit tâi gî-khì, thang tui-tsong tsi̍t-kuá ba̍k-tsiu ē-tàng ti̍t-tsiap khuànn–tio̍h ê hîng-tshenn kah kiânn-tshenn ê uī-tì, kā in niû khah tsún–leh. Kî-tiong tsi̍t-kuá tuā-hîng huâ-lē ê thian-bûn gî-khì kàu-tann iáu tī-hiah. Kin-á-ji̍t lí sīm-tsì ē-tàng tī kuan-sing-tâi tíng-kuân khuànn thinn-tshenn, m̄-koh tī siânn-tshī ting-hué tsiah-nī kng ê tsōng-hóng hā, kan-na koh kha kng ê thian-thé tsiah khuànn-ē-tio̍h. Tsit-tiunn sī kòo-tīng tī sann-kha-bé tíng-kuân ê kha-mé-lah tsiàu sî-kan hip–ê hē-lia̍t siòng-phìnn, ū kì-lio̍k bí-lē ê hôo-hîng sing-kuí, siōng kng ê hit tiâu kng-jiah sī gue̍h-niû–ê. I ê hôo khah khuah, to̍h tshut-hiān tī Kóo-kuan-siōng-tâi n̂g-tâng Hûn-thian-gî ê āu-piah. Lí mā ē-sái kā tsit-tiunn kah 1895 nî 9 gue̍h hip–ê Pak-kiann Kóo-kuan-siōng-tâi tsò pí-kàu.

[English] Startrails over Beijing Ancient Observatory

You can take a subway ride to visit this observatory in Beijing, China but you won’t find any telescopes there. Starting in the 1400s astronomers erected devices at the Beijing Ancient Observatory site to enable them to accurately measure and track the positions of naked-eye stars and planets. Some of the large, ornate astronomical instruments are still standing. You can even see stars from the star observation platform today, but now only the very brightest celestial beacons are visible against the city lights. In this time series of exposures from a camera fixed to a tripod to record graceful arcing startrails, the brightest trail is actually the Moon. Its broad arc is seen behind the ancient observatory’s brass armillary sphere. Compare this picture from the Beijing Ancient Observatory taken in September 2023 to one taken in 1895.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【北京古觀像台】Pak-kiaⁿ Kó͘-koan-siōng-tâi/Pak-kiann Kóo-kuan-siōng-tâi/北京古觀像台/Beijing Ancient Observatory
• 【渾天儀】Hûn-thian-gî/Hûn-thian-gî/渾天儀/armillary sphere
• 【黃銅】n̂g-tâng/n̂g-tâng/黃銅/brass
• 【觀星台】koan-seng-tâi/kuan-sing-tâi/觀星台/observation platform
• 【弧形星軌】hô͘-hêng seng-kúi/hôo-hîng sing-kuí/弧形星軌/arcing startrails
• 【三跤馬】saⁿ-kha-bé/sann-kha-bé/三角架/tripod