M1：毛蟹星雲

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：M1: The Crab Nebula
• 影像來源：NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI; Tea Temim (Princeton University)
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NSYSU)

[漢羅] M1：毛蟹星雲

毛蟹星雲 是 彼个有名 ê Charles Messier 星表 ê 頭一粒天體。 伊 ê 編號是 M1，毋是彗星。 天文學家 tī 1054 年 ê 時陣 to̍h 有發現伊 矣。 實際上，咱這馬已經知影 毛蟹星雲 其實是一个 超新星殘骸，是大質量恆星死亡爆炸了後 ê 雲屑仔。 這張清楚 ê 影像是 ùi James Webb 太空望遠鏡 ê 近紅外線相機 NIRCam kah 中紅外線儀器 MIRI 做伙提著 ê 觀測資料，是 tī 紅外線波段探索 猶咧脹大 ê 星際雲屑仔 發–出 ê 奇怪光線。 對現代天文學家來講，其中上特別 ê 天體是 毛蟹星雲脈動星，to̍h 是相片中央上光彼粒，這是一粒一秒鐘踅 30 擺 ê 中子星。 這粒恆星核心崩塌 ê 殘骸 to̍h kah 宇宙發電機 仝款，伊是毛蟹星雲 ê 動力來源，予伊 tī 電磁波頻譜產生發射線。 毛蟹星雲差不多有 12 光年闊，伊 tī 金牛座 內底，離咱干焦 6500 光年遠爾爾。

[POJ] M1: Mô͘-hē Seng-hûn

Mô͘-hē Seng-hûn sī hit-ê ū-miâ ê Charles Messier seng-pió ê thâu-chi̍t-lia̍p thian-thé. I ê pian-hō sī M1, m̄-sī hūi chheⁿ. Thian-bûn ha̍k-ka tī 1054 nî ê sî-chūn to̍h ū hoat-hiān i ah. Si̍t-chè-siōng, lán chit-má í-keng chai-iáⁿ Mô͘-hē Seng-hûn kî-si̍t sī chi̍t-ê chhiau-sin-seng chân-hâi, sī tōa chit-liōng hêng-chheⁿ sí-bông po̍k-chà liáu-āu ê hûn-sap-á. Chit-tiuⁿ chheng-chhó ê iáⁿ-siōng sī ùi James Webb Thài-khong Bōng-oán-kiàⁿ ê kīn-âng-gōa-sòaⁿ siòng-ki NIRCam kah tiong-âng-gōa-sòaⁿ gî-khì MIRI chò-hóe the̍h-tio̍h ê koan-chhek chu-liāu, sī tī âng-gōa-sòaⁿ pho-tōaⁿ thàm-soh iáu-leh tiùⁿ-tōa ê seng-chè hûn-sap-á hoat–chhut ê kî-koài kng-sòaⁿ. Tùi hiān-tāi thian-bûn ha̍k-ka lâi-kóng, kî-tiong siōng te̍k-pia̍t ê thian-thé sī Mô͘-hē Seng-hûn me̍h-tōng-chheⁿ, to̍h-sī siòng-phìⁿ tiong-ng siōng kng hit-lia̍p, che-sī chi̍t-lia̍p chi̍t-bió-cheng se̍h 30 pái ê tiong-chú-chheⁿ. Chit lia̍p hêng-chheⁿ he̍k-sim pang-lap ê chân-hâi to̍h kah ú-tiū hoat-tiān-ki kāng-khoán, i sī Mô͘-hē Seng-hûn ê tōng-le̍k lâi-goân, hō͘ i tī tiān-chû-pho pîn-phó͘ sán-seng hoat-siā-sòaⁿ. Mô͘-hē Seng-hûn chha-put-to ū 12 kng nî khoah, i tī Kim-gû-chō lāi-té, lī lán kan-na 6500 kng-nî hn̄g niā-niā.

[KIP] M1: Môo-hē Sing-hûn

Môo-hē Sing-hûn sī hit-ê ū-miâ ê Charles Messier sing-pió ê thâu-tsi̍t-lia̍p thian-thé. I ê pian-hō sī M, m̄-sī huī tshenn. Thian-bûn ha̍k-ka tī 1054 nî ê sî-tsūn to̍h ū huat-hiān i ah. Si̍t-tsè-siōng, lán tsit-má í-king tsai-iánn Môo-hē Sing-hûn kî-si̍t sī tsi̍t-ê tshiau-sin-sing tsân-hâi, sī tuā tsit-liōng hîng-tshenn sí-bông po̍k-tsà liáu-āu ê hûn-sap-á. Tsit-tiunn tshing-tshó ê iánn-siōng sī uì James Webb Thài-khong Bōng-uán-kiànn ê kīn-âng-guā-suànn siòng-ki NIRCam kah tiong-âng-guā-suànn gî-khì MIRI tsò-hué the̍h-tio̍h ê kuan-tshik tsu-liāu, sī tī âng-guā-suànn pho-tuānn thàm-soh iáu-leh tiùnn-tuā ê sing-tsè hûn-sap-á huat–tshut ê kî-kuài kng-suànn. Tuì hiān-tāi thian-bûn ha̍k-ka lâi-kóng, kî-tiong siōng ti̍k-pia̍t ê thian-thé sī Môo-hē Sing-hûn me̍h-tōng-tshenn, to̍h-sī siòng-phìnn tiong-ng siōng kng hit-lia̍p, tse-sī tsi̍t-lia̍p tsi̍t-bió-tsing se̍h 30 pái ê tiong-tsú-tshenn. Tsit lia̍p hîng-tshenn hi̍k-sim pang-lap ê tsân-hâi to̍h kah ú-tiū huat-tiān-ki kāng-khuán, i sī Môo-hē Sing-hûn ê tōng-li̍k lâi-guân, hōo i tī tiān-tsû-pho pîn-phóo sán-sing huat-siā-suànn. Môo-hē Sing-hûn tsha-put-to ū 12 kng nî khuah, i tī Kim-gû-tsō lāi-té, lī lán kan-na 6500 kng-nî hn̄g niā-niā.

[English] M1: The Crab Nebula

The Crab Nebula is cataloged as M1, the first object on Charles Messier’s famous 18th century list of things which are not comets. In fact, the Crab is now known to be a supernova remnant, debris from the death explosion of a massive star witnessed by astronomers in the year 1054. This sharp image from the James Webb Space Telescope’s NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera) and MIRI (Mid-Infrared Instrument) explores the eerie glow and fragmented strands of the still expanding cloud of interstellar debris in infrared light. One of the most exotic objects known to modern astronomers, the Crab Pulsar, a neutron star spinning 30 times a second, is visible as a bright spot near the nebula’s center. Like a cosmic dynamo, this collapsed remnant of the stellar core powers the Crab’s emission across the electromagnetic spectrum. Spanning about 12 light-years, the Crab Nebula is a mere 6,500 light-years away in the head-strong constellation Taurus.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【毛蟹星雲】Mô͘-hē-seng-hûn/Môo-hē-sing-hûn/蟹狀星雲/the Crab Nebula
• 【超新星殘骸】chhiau-sin-seng chân-hâi/tshiau-sin-sing tsân-hâi/超新星殘骸/supernova remnant
• 【James Webb 太空望遠鏡】James Webb Thài-khong Bōng-oán-kiàⁿ/James Webb Thài-khong Bōng-uán-kiànn/詹姆斯韋伯太空望遠鏡/James Webb Space Telescope
• 【脈動星】me̍h-tōng-chheⁿ/me̍h-tōng-tshenn/脈衝星/pulsar
• 【中子星】tiōng-chú-chheⁿ/tiōng-tsú-tshenn/中子星/neutron star
• 【電磁波頻譜】tiān-chû-pho pîn-phó͘/tiān-tsû-pho pîn-phóo/電磁波頻譜/electromagnetic spectrum
• 【金牛座】Kim-gû-chō/Kim-gû-tsō/金牛座/Taurus