行星形星雲 MyCn 18：沙漏星雲

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：MyCn 18: The Engraved Hourglass Planetary Nebula
• 影像來源 kah 版權：NASA, ESA, Hubble, HLA; 資料處理 & 版權： Harshwardhan Pathak
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NSYSU)

[漢羅] 行星形星雲 MyCn 18：沙漏星雲

你敢有看著沙漏 ê 形體？抑是其實是伊 leh kā 你看？ 你若是想像力袂䆀，應該看會著 MyCn 18 ê 幾若个環，規个外形就 kah 沙漏足成–ê，而且中央有一粒足特別 ê 目睭。 毋管是你 leh kā 看猶是伊 leh kā 你看，沙漏形 ê 行星形星雲 中央彼粒恆星，時間已經無濟矣！ 等 核心 ê 燃料 燒了了後，這个 類太陽 恆星 ê 外層氣體殼就去 hŏng 擲出去。 這个 性命 欲結束 ê 階段是遮爾短、閣遮爾媠。 了後核心就變做一粒足冷、足暗 ê 白矮星。 1995 年 ê 時陣，天文學家用 Hubble 太空望遠鏡 (HST) 翕一系列 ê 行星形星雲 ê 影像，嘛包括這个星雲。 相片內底這寡較幼–ê、leh 發光 ê 氣體環，疊出來 ê 形體就敢若是 沙漏 ê 壁。 發紅光 ê 是 窒素，發青光 ê 是 水素，發藍光 ê 是 酸素。 Hubble 翕著 行星形星雲 kā 氣體殼擲出去 ê 過程，這是有史以來上清楚 ê 影像，予咱看著 進前毋捌看過 ê 細節。 這會當 kā 咱鬥解決足困難 ê 謎團，予咱了解像 MyCn 18 這款對稱 ê 行星形星雲 ê 複雜形體。

[POJ] Kiâⁿ-chheⁿ-hêng seng-hûn MyCn 18: Soa-lāu Seng-hûn

Lí kám-ū khòaⁿ-tio̍h soa-lāu ê hêng-thé? Ia̍h-sī kî-si̍t sī i leh kā lí khòaⁿ? Lí nā-sī sióng-siōng-le̍k bē-bái, eng-kai khòaⁿ-ē-tio̍h MyCn 18 ê kúi-nā ê khoân, kui-ê gōa-hêng to̍h kah soa-lāu chiok sêng–ê, jî-chhiáⁿ tiong-ng ū chi̍t-lia̍p chiok te̍k-pa̍t ê ba̍k-chiu. M̄-koán sī lí leh kā khòaⁿ ia̍h-sī i leh kā lí khòaⁿ, soa-lāu-hêng ê kiâⁿ-chheⁿ-hêng seng-hûn tiong-ng hit lia̍p hêng-chheⁿ, sî-kan í-keng bô-chē–ah! Tán he̍k-sim ê jiân-liāu sio-liáu liáu-āu, chit-ê lūi-thài-iông hêng-chheⁿ ê gōa-chân khì-thé-khak tō khì hőng tàn–chhut-khì. Chit-ê sèⁿ-miā beh kiat-sok ê kai-tōaⁿ sī chiah-nī té, koh chiah-nī súi. Liáu-āu he̍k-sim to̍h piàn-chò chi̍t-lia̍p chiok léng, chiok àm ê pe̍h-é-chheⁿ. 1995 nî ê sî-chūn, thian-bûn ha̍k-ka iōng Hubble Thài-khong Bōng-oán-kiàⁿ (HST) hip chi̍t hē-lia̍t ê kiâⁿ-chheⁿ-hêng seng-hûn ê iáⁿ-siōng, mā pau-koat chit-ê seng-hûn. Siòng-phìⁿ lāi-té chit kóa khah iù–ê, leh hoat-kng ê khì-thé-khoân, tha̍h–chhut-lâi ê hêng-thé to̍h ká-ná sī soa-lāu ê piah. Hoat âng-kng ê sī chi̍t-sò͘, hoat chheⁿ-kng ê sī chúi-sò͘, hoat nâ-kng ê sī sàng-sò͘. Hubble hip-tio̍h kiâⁿ-chheⁿ-hêng seng-hûn kā khì-thé-khak tàn–chhut-khì ê kòe-têng, che-sī iú-sú í-lâi siōng chheng-chhó ê iáⁿ-siōng, hō͘ lán khòaⁿ-tio̍h chìn-chêng m̄-bat khòaⁿ-kòe ê sè-chiat. Che ē-tàng kā lán tàu kái-koat chiok khùn-lân ê bī-thoân, hō͘ lán liáu-kái chhiūⁿ MyCn 18 chit-khoán tùi-chhèng ê kiâⁿ-chheⁿ-hêng seng-hûn ê ho̍k-cha̍p hêng-thé.

[KIP] Kiânn-tshenn-hîng sing-hûn MyCn 18: Sua-lāu Sing-hûn

Lí kám-ū khuànn-tio̍h sua-lāu ê hîng-thé? Ia̍h-sī kî-si̍t sī i leh kā lí khuànn? Lí nā-sī sióng-siōng-li̍k bē-bái, ing-kai khuànn-ē-tio̍h MyCn 18 ê kuí-nā ê khuân, kui-ê guā-hîng to̍h kah sua-lāu tsiok sîng–ê, jî-tshiánn tiong-ng ū tsi̍t-lia̍p tsiok ti̍k-pa̍t ê ba̍k-tsiu. M̄-kuán sī lí leh kā khuànn ia̍h-sī i leh kā lí khuànn, sua-lāu-hîng ê kiânn-tshenn-hîng sing-hûn tiong-ng hit lia̍p hîng-tshenn, sî-kan í-king bô-tsē–ah! Tán hi̍k-sim ê jiân-liāu sio-liáu liáu-āu, tsit-ê luī-thài-iông hîng-tshenn ê guā-tsân khì-thé-khak tō khì hőng tàn–tshut-khì. Tsit-ê sènn-miā beh kiat-sok ê kai-tuānn sī tsiah-nī té, koh tsiah-nī suí. Liáu-āu hi̍k-sim to̍h piàn-tsò tsi̍t-lia̍p tsiok líng, tsiok àm ê pe̍h-é-tshenn. 1995 nî ê sî-tsūn, thian-bûn ha̍k-ka iōng Hubble Thài-khong Bōng-uán-kiànn (HST) hip tsi̍t hē-lia̍t ê kiânn-tshenn-hîng sing-hûn ê iánn-siōng, mā pau-kuat tsit-ê sing-hûn. Siòng-phìnn lāi-té tsit kuá khah iù–ê, leh huat-kng ê khì-thé-khuân, tha̍h–tshut-lâi ê hîng-thé to̍h ká-ná sī sua-lāu ê piah. Huat âng-kng ê sī tsi̍t-sòo, huat tshenn-kng ê sī tsuí-sòo, huat nâ-kng ê sī sàng-sòo. Hubble hip-tio̍h kiânn-tshenn-hîng sing-hûn kā khì-thé-khak tàn–tshut-khì ê kuè-tîng, tse-sī iú-sú í-lâi siōng tshing-tshó ê iánn-siōng, hōo lán khuànn-tio̍h tsìn-tsîng m̄-bat khuànn-kuè ê sè-tsiat. Tse ē-tàng kā lán tàu kái-kuat tsiok khùn-lân ê bī-thuân, hōo lán liáu-kái tshiūnn MyCn 18 tsit-khuán tuì-tshìng ê kiânn-tshenn-hîng sing-hûn ê ho̍k-tsa̍p hîng-thé.

[English] MyCn 18: The Engraved Hourglass Planetary Nebula

Do you see the hourglass shape – or does it see you? If you can picture it, the rings of MyCn 18 trace the outline of an hourglass – although one with an unusual eye in its center. Either way, the sands of time are running out for the central star of this hourglass-shaped planetary nebula. With its nuclear fuel exhausted, this brief, spectacular, closing phase of a Sun-like star’s life occurs as its outer layers are ejected - its core becoming a cooling, fading white dwarf. In 1995, astronomers used the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) to make a series of images of planetary nebulae, including the one featured here. Pictured, delicate rings of colorful glowing gas nitrogen-red, hydrogen-green, and oxygen-blue) outline the tenuous walls of the hourglass. The unprecedented sharpness of the Hubble images has revealed surprising details of the nebula ejection process that are helping to resolve the outstanding mysteries of the complex shapes and symmetries of planetary nebulas like MyCn 18.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【MyCn 18】M-y-C-n cha̍p-peh/M-y-C-n tsa̍p-peh/MyCn 18/MyCn 18
• 【沙漏星雲】Soa-lāu Seng-hûn/Sua-lāu Sing-hûn/沙漏星雲/Hourglass Nebula
• 【行星形星雲】kiâⁿ-chheⁿ-hêng seng-hûn/kiânn-tshenn-hîng sing-hûn/行星狀星雲/planetary nebula
• 【類太陽恆星】lūi-thài-iông hêng-chheⁿ/luī-thài-iông hîng-tshenn/類太陽恆星/Sun-like star
• 【白矮星】pe̍h-é-chheⁿ/pe̍h-é-tshenn/白矮星/white dwarf
• 【Hubble 太空望遠鏡】Hubble Thài-khong Bōng-oán-kiàⁿ/Hubble Thài-khong Bōng-uán-kiànn/哈伯太空望遠鏡/Hubble Space Telescope (HST)
• 【窒素】chit-sò͘/tsit-sòo/氮/nitrogen
• 【窒素】chek-sò͘/tsik-sòo/氮/nitrogen
• 【水素】chúi-sò͘/tsuí-sòo/氫/hydrogen
• 【酸素】sng-sò͘/sng-sòo/氧/oxygen
• 【酸素】sàng-sò͘/sàng-sòo/氧/oxygen
• 【對稱】tùi-chhèng/tuì-tshìng/對稱/symmetry