NGC 4632：藏 tī 星系內底 ê 極環

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：The Red Sprite and the Tree
• 影像來源：Jayanne English (U. Manitoba), Nathan Deg (Queen’s University) & WALLABY Survey, IDIA/Vislab, CSIRO/ASKAP, NAOJ/Subaru Telescope; 文稿：Jayanne English (U. Manitoba)
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NSYSU)

[漢羅] NGC 4632：藏 tī 星系內底 ê 極環

Tī 光學望遠鏡下底看著–ê 星系 NGC 4632 有藏一个祕密。 伊 ê 邊仔有一輾 水素 冷氣體，kah 伊 ê 捲螺仔星系盤方向差 90 度。 這款南北極方向 ê 星系環叫做極環。 毋過 NGC 4632 是頭一个 uì 電波 望遠鏡 巡天計畫揣著 極環 ê 星系。 這張有翕著氣體環 ê 組合影像，是 kā 懸敏感度 ê ASKAP 電波望遠鏡 kah SUBARU 光學望遠鏡 ê 觀測資料 疊出來–ê 結果。 利用 虛擬現實技術，天文學家會當 kā 星系盤 kah 星系環分–開。 相片內底 ê 色水變化，是用來追蹤伊 ê 軌道運動。 是講這款 極環 是按怎出現–ê？ In 可能是星系 kah 伊 ê 星系伴 產生 引力交互作用 ê 時陣，去予 搝 出來 ê 物質。 嘛有可能是 水素氣體 綴 宇宙網結構 ê 雲絲 行，煞 tī 星系邊仔吸積做星系環。 有一寡 tī 遮 ê 物質會因為引力收縮，變做恆星。

[POJ] NGC 4632: Chhàng tī Seng-hē lāi-té ê Ke̍k-khoân

Tī kng-ha̍k bōng-oán-kiàⁿ ē-té khòaⁿ-tio̍h–ê seng-hē NGC 4632 ū chhàng chi̍t-ê pì-bi̍t. I ê piⁿ-á ū chi̍t liàn chúi-sò͘ léng khì-thé, kah i ê kńg-lê-á seng-hē-pôaⁿ hong-hiòng chha 90 tō͘. Chit-khoán lâm-pak-ke̍k hong-hiòng ê seng-hē khoân kiò-chò ke̍k-khoân, ū ke̍k-khoân ê seng-hē, chìn-chêng bat lī-iōng hêng-chheⁿ-kng chhōe-tio̍h. M̄-koh NGC 4632 sī thâu-chi̍t-ê ùi tiān-pho bōng-oán-kiàⁿ sûn-thian kè-ōe chhōe-tio̍h ke̍k-khoân ê seng-hē. Chit-tiuⁿ ū hip-tio̍h khì-thé-khoân ê cho͘-ha̍p iáⁿ-siōng, sī kā koân bín-kám-tō͘ ê ASKAP tiān-pho bōng-oán-kiàⁿ kah SUBARU kng-ha̍k bōng-oán-kiàⁿ ê koan-chhek chu-liāu tha̍h–chhut-lâi–ê kiat-kó. Lī-iōng hi-gí hiān-si̍t ki-su̍t, thian-bûn ha̍k-ka ē-tàng kā seng-hē-pôaⁿ kah seng-hē-khoân pun–khui. Siòng-phìⁿ lāi-té ê sek-chúi piàn-hòa, sī iōng-lâi tui-chong i ê kúi-tō ūn-tōng. Sī-kóng chit-khoán ke̍k-khoân sī án-chóaⁿ chhut-hiān–ê? In khó-lêng sī seng-hē kah i ê seng-hē-phōaⁿ sán-seng ín-le̍k kau-hō͘ chok-iōng ê sî-chūn, khì hō͘ giú–chhut-lâi ê bu̍t-chit. Mā ū khó-lêng sī chúi-sò͘ khì-thé tòe ú-tiū-bāng kiat-kò͘ ê hûn-si kiâⁿ, soah tī seng-hē piⁿ-á khip-chek chò seng-hē-khoân. Ū chi̍t-kóa tī chiah ê bu̍t-chit ē in-ūi ín-le̍k siu-sok, piàn-chò hêng-chhiⁿ.

[KIP] NGC 4632: Tshàng tī Sing-hē lāi-té ê Ki̍k-khuân

Tī kng-ha̍k bōng-uán-kiànn ē-té khuànn-tio̍h–ê sing-hē NGC 4632 ū tshàng tsi̍t-ê pì-bi̍t. I ê pinn-á ū tsi̍t liàn tsuí-sòo líng khì-thé, kah i ê kńg-lê-á sing-hē-puânn hong-hiòng tsha 90 tōo. Tsit-khuán lâm-pak-ki̍k hong-hiòng ê sing-hē khuân kiò-tsò ki̍k-khuân, ū ki̍k-khuân ê sing-hē, tsìn-tsîng bat lī-iōng hîng-tshenn-kng tshuē-tio̍h. M̄-koh NGC 4632 sī thâu-tsi̍t-ê uì tiān-pho bōng-uán-kiànn sûn-thian kè-uē tshuē-tio̍h ki̍k-khuân ê sing-hē. Tsit-tiunn ū hip-tio̍h khì-thé-khuân ê tsoo-ha̍p iánn-siōng, sī kā kuân bín-kám-tōo ê ASKAP tiān-pho bōng-uán-kiànn kah SUBARU kng-ha̍k bōng-uán-kiànn ê kuan-tshik tsu-liāu tha̍h–tshut-lâi–ê kiat-kó. Lī-iōng hi-gí hiān-si̍t ki-su̍t, thian-bûn ha̍k-ka ē-tàng kā sing-hē-puânn kah sing-hē-khuân pun–khui. Siòng-phìnn lāi-té ê sik-tsuí piàn-huà, sī iōng-lâi tui-tsong i ê kuí-tō ūn-tōng. Sī-kóng tsit-khuán ki̍k-khuân sī án-tsuánn tshut-hiān–ê? In khó-lîng sī sing-hē kah i ê sing-hē-phuānn sán-sing ín-li̍k kau-hōo tsok-iōng ê sî-tsūn, khì hōo giú–tshut-lâi ê bu̍t-tsit. Mā ū khó-lîng sī tsuí-sòo khì-thé tuè ú-tiū-bāng kiat-kòo ê hûn-si kiânn, suah tī sing-hē pinn-á khip-tsik tsò sing-hē-khuân. Ū tsi̍t-kuá tī tsiah ê bu̍t-tsit ē in-uī ín-li̍k siu-sok, piàn-tsò hîng-tshinn.

[English] The Red Sprite and the Trees

Galaxy NGC 4632 hides a secret from optical telescopes. It is surrounded by a ring of cool hydrogen gas orbiting at 90 degrees to its spiral disk. Such polar ring galaxies have previously been discovered using starlight. However, NGC 4632 is among the first in which a radio telescope survey revealed a polar ring. The featured composite image combines this gas ring, observed with the highly sensitive ASKAP telescope, with optical data from the Subaru telescope. Using virtual reality, astronomers separated out the gas in the main disk of the galaxy from the ring, and the subtle color gradient traces its orbital motion. Why do polar rings exist? They could be material pulled from one galaxy as it gravitationally interacts with a companion. Or hydrogen gas flows along the filaments of the cosmic web and accretes into a ring around a galaxy, some of which gravitationally contracts into stars.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【NGC 4632】NGC sù-lio̍k-sam-jī/NGC sù-lio̍k-sam-jī/NGC 4632/NGC 4632
• 【極環】ke̍k-khoân/ki̍k-khuân/極環/polar ring
• 【水素】chúi-sò͘/tsuí-sòo/氫/hydrogen
• 【捲螺仔星系】kńg-lê-á seng-hē/kńg-lê-á sing-hē/螺旋星系/spiral galaxy
• 【星系盤】seng-hē-pôaⁿ/sing-hē-puânn/星系盤/galactic disk
• 【星系環】seng-hē-khoân/sing-hē-khuân/星系環/galactic ring
• 【星系伴】seng-hē-phōaⁿ/sing-hē-phuānn/星系伴/companion galaxy
• 【引力交互作用】ín-le̍k kau-hō͘ chok-iōng/ín-li̍k kau-hōo tsok-iōng/引力交互作用/gravitationally interacts
• 【宇宙網】ú-tiū-bāng/ú-tiū-bāng/宇宙網/cosmic web
• 【雲絲】hûn-si/hûn-si/雲絲/filament
• 【吸積】khip-chek/khip-tsik/吸積/accretion
• 【引力收縮】ín-le̍k siu-sok/ín-li̍k siu-sok/引力收縮/gravitationally contract
• 【虛擬現實】hi-gí hiān-si̍t/hi-gí hiān-si̍t/虛擬現實/virtual reality