武仙座 ê 大型球形星團

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：The Great Globular Cluster in Hercules
• 影像來源 kah 版權：Serge Brunier, Jean-François Bax, David Vernet OCA/C2PU
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NSYSU)

[漢羅] 武仙座 ê 大型球形星團

1716 年 ê 時陣，英國天文學家 Edmond Halley 講，「這看起來干焦是夜空內底 ê 一个光點爾爾，毋過 tī 無月娘 ê 暗暝，天氣若是有清，咱就會當直接用目睭看著伊」。 是講，咱這馬較袂講 M13 是 武仙座 內底 ê 大型球形星團矣，咱會直接講伊是北天上光 ê 球形星團。 咱若是有 像這款遮爾清楚 ê 望遠鏡影像，就會當看著這个星團內底有 幾若十萬粒足壯觀 ê 恆星。 這个星團就 tī 2 萬 5000 光年遠 ê 所在，內底 ê 恆星攏櫼櫼 tī 直徑 150 光年 ê 範圍內。 Tī 星團 中心附近，3 光年立方 ê 範圍內底就有 100 粒恆星矣。 咱來做一个比較較好了解，kah 咱太陽 上倚 ê 恆星 是 tī 4 光年遠 ê 所在。 這張影像紀錄 ê 輝度 kah 星團實密 ê 程度有關，星團核心 ê 部份就足光–ê。

[POJ] Bú-sian-chō ê Tōa-hêng Kiû-hêng Seng-thoân

1716 nî ê sî-chūn, Eng-kok thian-bûn ha̍k-ka Edmond Halley kóng, “Che khòaⁿ–khí-lâi kan-na sī iā-khong lāi-té ê chi̍t-ê kng-tiám niā-niā, m̄-koh tī bô goe̍h-niû ê àm-mê, thiⁿ-khì nā-sī ū chheng, lán to̍h ē-tàng ti̍t-chiap iōng ba̍k-chiu khòaⁿ-tio̍h i”. Sī-kóng, lán chit-má khah bē kóng M13 sī Bú-sian-chō lāi-té ê tōa-hêng kiû-hêng seng-thoân–ah, lán ē ti̍t-chiap kóng i sī pak-thian siōng kng ê kiû-hêng seng-thoân. Lán nā-sī ū chhiūⁿ chit-khoán chiah-nī chheng-chhó ê bōng-oán-kiàⁿ iáⁿ-siōng, to̍h ē-tàng khòaⁿ-tio̍h chit-ê seng-thoân lāi-té ū kúi-nā cha̍p-bān lia̍p chiok chòng-koan ê hêng-chhiⁿ. Chit-ê seng-thoân to̍h tī 2 bān 5000 kng-nî hn̄g ê só͘-chāi, lāi-té ê hêng-chhiⁿ lóng chiⁿ chiⁿ tī ti̍t-kèng 150 kng-nî ê hoān-ûi lāi. Tī seng-thoân tiong-sim hù-kīn, 3 kng-nî li̍p-hong ê hoān-ûi lāi-té to̍h ū 100 lia̍p hêng-chhiⁿ–ah. Lán lâi chò chi̍t-ê pí-kàu khah-hó liáu-kái, kah lán Thài-iông siōng óa ê hêng-chhiⁿ sī tī 4 kng-nî hn̄g ê só͘-chāi. Chit-tiuⁿ iáⁿ-siōng kì-lo̍k ê hui-tō͘ kah seng-thoân cha̍t-ba̍t ê thêng-tō͘ ū koan, seng-thoân he̍k-sim ê pō͘-hūn to̍h chiok kng–ê.

[KIP] Bú-sian-tsō ê Tuā-hîng Kiû-hîng Sing-thuân

1716 nî ê sî-tsūn, Ing-kok thian-bûn ha̍k-ka Edmond Halley kóng, “Tse khuànn–khí-lâi kan-na sī iā-khong lāi-té ê tsi̍t-ê kng-tiám niā-niā, m̄-koh tī bô gue̍h-niû ê àm-mê, thinn-khì nā-sī ū tshing, lán to̍h ē-tàng ti̍t-tsiap iōng ba̍k-tsiu khuànn-tio̍h i”. Sī-kóng, lán tsit-má khah bē kóng M13 sī Bú-sian-tsō lāi-té ê tuā-hîng kiû-hîng sing-thuân–ah, lán ē ti̍t-tsiap kóng i sī pak-thian siōng kng ê kiû-hîng sing-thuân. Lán nā-sī ū tshiūnn tsit-khuán tsiah-nī tshing-tshó ê bōng-uán-kiànn iánn-siōng, to̍h ē-tàng khuànn-tio̍h tsit-ê sing-thuân lāi-té ū kuí-nā tsa̍p-bān lia̍p tsiok tsòng-kuan ê hîng-tshinn. Tsit-ê sing-thuân to̍h tī 2 bān 5000 kng-nî hn̄g ê sóo-tsāi, lāi-té ê hîng-tshinn lóng tsinn tsinn tī ti̍t-kìng 150 kng-nî ê huān-uî lāi. Tī sing-thuân tiong-sim hù-kīn, 3 kng-nî li̍p-hong ê huān-uî lāi-té to̍h ū 100 lia̍p hîng-tshinn–ah. Lán lâi tsò tsi̍t-ê pí-kàu khah-hó liáu-kái, kah lán Thài-iông siōng uá ê hîng-tshinn sī tī 4 kng-nî hn̄g ê sóo-tsāi. Tsit-tiunn iánn-siōng kì-lo̍k ê hui-tōo kah sing-thuân tsa̍t-ba̍t ê thîng-tōo ū kuan, sing-thuân hi̍k-sim ê pōo-hūn to̍h tsiok kng–ê.

[English] The Great Globular Cluster in Hercules

In 1716, English astronomer Edmond Halley noted, “This is but a little Patch, but it shows itself to the naked Eye, when the Sky is serene and the Moon absent.” Of course, M13 is now less modestly recognized as the Great Globular Cluster in Hercules, one of the brightest globular star clusters in the northern sky. Sharp telescopic views like this one reveal the spectacular cluster’s hundreds of thousands of stars. At a distance of 25,000 light-years, the cluster stars crowd into a region 150 light-years in diameter. Approaching the cluster core, upwards of 100 stars could be contained in a cube just 3 light-years on a side. For comparison, the closest star to the Sun is over 4 light-years away. The remarkable range of brightness recorded in this image follows stars into the dense cluster core.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【武仙座】Bú-sian-chō/Bú-sian-tsō/武仙座/Hercules
• 【球形星團】kiû-hêng seng-thoân/kiû-hîng sing-thuân/球形星團/globular star cluster
• 【立方】li̍p-hong/li̍p-hong/立方/cube
• 【輝度】hui-tō͘/hui-tōo/亮度/brightness
• 【星團核心】seng-thoân he̍k-sim/sing-thuân hi̍k-sim/星團核心/cluster core
• 【M13】M cha̍p-saⁿ/M tsa̍p-sann/M13/M13