火星 頂懸 ê 火衛一 Phobos

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你³解說⁴。

• 原始文章：Phobos over Mars
• 影像來源：ESA, DLR, FU Berlin, Mars Express; 資料處理 kah CC BY 2.0 License: Andrea Luck
• 天頂予你 ê 禮物：你 ê APOD 生日相片是佗一張？ (post 1995)
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)

[漢羅] 火星 頂懸 ê 火衛一 Phobos

是按怎 火衛一 Pobos 遮爾烏？ Phobos 是 火星 ê 兩粒衛星內底，上大粒、上內底彼粒，嘛是 太陽系 內底上深色 ê 衛星。 伊主要 ê 成份是冰 kah 烏石頭。 伊無四常 ê 軌道 kah 色彩，暗示講伊可能是去予火星掠著 ê 小行星。 Phobos kah 火星 是足倚--ê。 這張指定色彩 ê 相片 是 2021 年底 ESA ê 機器人太空船 火星快車號 翕--ê，彼是一台踅火星 leh 行 ê 太空船。 Phobos 是一粒 表面攏是隕石坑 kah 拋荒 ê 衛星，伊 上大个隕石坑 是 tī 較遠彼爿。 像這張影像來看，Phobos 去 hŏng 認為講 伊 ê 表面可能有崁 1 公尺厚、較鬆 ê 塗粉。 Phobos leh 行 ê 軌道 kah 火星傷倚矣，tī 一寡所在，一工內 會看著伊 peh--起來 kah lŏe 兩擺，毋過 tī 其他所在就會完全 看袂著伊。 Phobos 踅 火星 ê 軌道是愈來愈細輾，閣差不多 5000 萬年，伊就會 解體，變甲碎糊糊，落 lŏe 火星表面。

[POJ] Hóe-chheⁿ téng-koân ê Hóe-ōe-it Phobos

Sī-án-chóaⁿ Hóe-ōe-it Pobos chiah-nī o͘? Pobos sī Hóe-chheⁿ ê nn̄g-lia̍p ōe-chheⁿ lāi-té, siōng tōa-lia̍p, siōng lāi-té hit-lia̍p, mā-sī Thài-iông-hē lāi-té siōng chhim-sek ê ōe-chheⁿ. I chú-iàu ê sêng-hūn sī peng kah o͘-chio̍h-thâu. I bô sù-siông ê kúi-tō kah sek-chhái, àm-sī kóng i khó-lêng sī khì hō͘ Hóe-chheⁿ lia̍h-tio̍h ê Sió-kiâⁿ-chheⁿ. Phobos kah Hóe-chheⁿ sī chiok óa--ê. Chit-tiuⁿ chí-tēng sek-chhái ê siòng-phìⁿ sī 2021 nî-té ESA ê ke-khì-lâng thài-khong-chûn Hóe-chheⁿ Khoài-chhia-hō hip--ê, he sī chi̍t-tâi se̍h Hóe-chheⁿ leh kiâⁿ ê thài-khong-chûn. Phobos sī chi̍t-lia̍p piáu-bīn lóng sī ún-se̍k-kheⁿ kah pha-hng ê ōe-chheⁿ,i siōng-tōa ê ún-se̍k-kheⁿ sī tī khah hn̄g hit-pêng. Chhiūⁿ chit-tiuⁿ iáⁿ-siōng lâi-khòaⁿ,Phobos khì hőng jīn-ûi kóng i ê piáu-bīn khó-lêng ū khàm 1 kong-chhioh kāu,khah sang ê thô͘-hún. Phobos leh kiâⁿ ê kúi-tō kah Hóe-chheⁿ siuⁿ óa ah, tī chi̍t-kóa só͘-chāi, chi̍t-kang lāi ē khòaⁿ-tio̍h i peh--khí-lâi kah lőe nn̄g-pái, m̄-koh tī kî-thaⁿ só͘-chāi tō ē oân-choân khòaⁿ bē-tio̍h i. Phobos se̍h Hóe-chheⁿ ê kúi-tō sī lú-lâi-lú sè-lìn, koh chha-put-to 5000 bān-nî, i to̍h ē kái-thé, piàn-kah chhùi-kô͘-kô͘, lak lőe Hóe-chheⁿ piáu-bīn.

[KIP] Hué-tshenn tíng-kuân ê Hué-uē-it Phobos

Sī-án-tsuánn Hué-uē-it Pobos tsiah-nī oo? Pobos sī Hué-tshenn ê nn̄g-lia̍p uē-tshenn lāi-té, siōng tuā-lia̍p, siōng lāi-té hit-lia̍p, mā-sī Thài-iông-hē lāi-té siōng tshim-sik ê uē-tshenn. I tsú-iàu ê sîng-hūn sī ping kah oo-tsio̍h-thâu. I bô sù-siông ê kuí-tō kah sik-tshái, àm-sī kóng i khó-lîng sī khì hōo Hué-tshenn lia̍h-tio̍h ê Sió-kiânn-tshenn. Phobos kah Hué-tshenn sī tsiok uá--ê. Tsit-tiunn tsí-tīng sik-tshái ê siòng-phìnn sī 2021 nî-té ESA ê ke-khì-lâng thài-khong-tsûn Hué-tshenn Khuài-tshia-hō hip--ê, he sī tsi̍t-tâi se̍h Hué-tshenn leh kiânn ê thài-khong-tsûn. Phobos sī tsi̍t-lia̍p piáu-bīn lóng sī ún-si̍k-khenn kah pha-hng ê uē-tshenn,i siōng-tuā ê ún-si̍k-khenn sī tī khah hn̄g hit-pîng. Tshiūnn tsit-tiunn iánn-siōng lâi-khuànn,Phobos khì hőng jīn-uî kóng i ê piáu-bīn khó-lîng ū khàm 1 kong-tshioh kāu,khah sang ê thôo-hún. Phobos leh kiânn ê kuí-tō kah Hué-tshenn siunn uá ah, tī tsi̍t-kuá sóo-tsāi, tsi̍t-kang lāi ē khuànn-tio̍h i peh--khí-lâi kah lue̋ nn̄g-pái, m̄-koh tī kî-thann sóo-tsāi tō ē uân-tsuân khuànn bē-tio̍h i. Phobos se̍h Hué-tshenn ê kuí-tō sī lú-lâi-lú sè-lìn, koh tsha-put-to 5000 bān-nî, i to̍h ē kái-thé, piàn-kah tshuì-kôo-kôo, lak lue̋ Hué-tshenn piáu-bīn.

[English] Phobos over Mars

Why is Phobos so dark? Phobos, the largest and innermost of the two Martian moons, is the darkest moon in the entire Solar System. Its unusual orbit and color indicate that it may be a captured asteroid composed of a mixture of ice and dark rock. The featured assigned-color picture of Phobos near the edge of Mars was captured in late 2021 by ESA's robot spacecraft Mars Express, currently orbiting Mars. Phobos is a heavily cratered and barren moon, with its largest crater located on the far side. From images like this, Phobos has been determined to be covered by perhaps a meter of loose dust. Phobos orbits so close to Mars that from some places it would appear to rise and set twice a day, while from other places it would not be visible at all. Phobos' orbit around Mars is continually decaying -- it will likely break up with pieces crashing to the Martian surface in about 50 million years.

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