活跳太陽 ê 太陽烏子

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：Sunspots on an Active Sun
• 影像來源：NASA, SDO; 資料處理 kah 版權：Şenol Şanlı
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)

[漢羅] 活跳太陽 ê 太陽烏子

是按怎咱 ê 太陽 這馬會遮爾活跳跳？ 無人知影。 太陽表面活動增加是本底就知–ê，因為 伊 這馬是愈來愈倚 2025 年 ê 太陽極大期。 毋過，頂個月咱 ê 太陽 puh–出來 ê 太陽烏子，比過去 11 年 ê 太陽週期 任何一個月攏閣較濟，甚至會當算到 2002 年去。 這張相片 是 kā 今年 1 月 到 6 月 用 NASA 動力學天文台衛星 逐工翕 ê 相片疊做一張–ê。 這內底有足濟太陽烏子，其中較大粒 ê，tī 太陽盤頂懸會出現 2 禮拜，ùi 倒爿行到正爿。 太陽週期繼續，咱就會看著太陽烏子較捷出現 tī 赤道 附近。 太陽烏子是太陽表面活動 ê 其中一款，其他閣有 太陽 爍光 kah 太陽日冕噴出 (CMEs)，這會 kā 粒子擲入去 太陽系 內底。 因為這寡粒子會影響太空人 kah 電子設備，所以追蹤太陽表面 ê 變化就毋是干焦為著 藝術價值 矣。 是講，太陽活動 嘛會當是有足懸 ê 藝術價值，尤其伊若是咧逐發生 tī 地球大氣層 ê 極光。

[POJ] Oa̍h-thiàu Thài-iông ê Thài-iông O͘-chú

Sī án-chóaⁿ lán ê Thài-iông chit-má ē chiah-nī oa̍h-thiàu-thiàu? Bô-lâng chai-iáⁿ. Thài-iông piáu-bīn oa̍h-tāng cheng-ka sī pún-té tō chai–ê, in-ūi i chit-má sī lú-lâi-lú óa 2025 nî ê Thài-iông Ke̍k-tōa-kî. M̄-koh, téng kò goe̍h lán ê Thài-iông puh–chhut-lâi ê Thài-iông O͘-chú, pí kòe-khì 11 nî ê Thài-iông chiu-kî jīm-hô chi̍t kò goe̍h lóng koh khah-chè, sīm-chì ē-tàng sǹg kàu 2002 nî khì. Chit-tiuⁿ siòng-phìⁿ sī kā kin-nî 1 goe̍h kàu 6 goe̍h iōng NASA Tāng-le̍k-ha̍k Thian-bûn-tâi Ūi-chhiⁿ ta̍k-kang hip ê siòng-phìⁿ thia̍p-chò chi̍t-tiuⁿ–ê. Che lāi-té ū chiok chē Thài-iông O͘-chú, kî-tiong khah tōa-lia̍p ê, tī Thài-iông-pôaⁿ téng-koân ē chhut-hiān 2 lé-pài, ùi tò-pêng kiâⁿ kàu chiàⁿ-pêng. Thài-iông chiu-kî kè-sio̍k, lán to̍h ē khòaⁿ-tio̍h Thài-iông O͘-chú khah chia̍p chhut-hiān tī chhek-tō hù-kīn. Thài-iông O͘-chú sī Thài-iông piáu-bīn oa̍h-tāng ê kî-tiong chi̍t-khoán, kî-thaⁿ koh ū Thài-iông sih-kng kah Thài-iông ji̍t-bián phùn-chhut (CMEs), che ē kā lia̍p-chú tàn ji̍p-khì Thài-iông-hē lāi-té. In-ūi chit-kóa lia̍p-chú ē éng-hióng thài-khong-jîn kah tiān-chú siat-pī, só͘-í tui-chong Thài-iông piáu-bīn ê piàn-hòa to̍h m̄-sī kan-na ūi-tio̍h gē-su̍t kè-ta̍t ah. Sī-kóng, Thài-iông oa̍h-tāng mā ē-tàng sī ū chiok koân ê gē-su̍t kè-ta̍t, iû-kî i nā-sī teh jiok hoat-seng tī Tē-kiû tāi-khì-chân ê ke̍k-kng.

[KIP] Ua̍h-thiàu Thài-iông ê Thài-iông Oo-tsú

Sī án-tsuánn lán ê Thài-iông tsit-má ē tsiah-nī ua̍h-thiàu-thiàu? Bô-lâng tsai-iánn. Thài-iông piáu-bīn ua̍h-tāng tsing-ka sī pún-té tō tsai–ê, in-uī i tsit-má sī lú-lâi-lú uá 2025 nî ê Thài-iông Ki̍k-tuā-kî. M̄-koh, tíng kò gue̍h lán ê Thài-iông puh–tshut-lâi ê Thài-iông Oo-tsú, pí kuè-khì 11 nî ê Thài-iông tsiu-kî jīm-hô tsi̍t kò gue̍h lóng koh khah-tsè, sīm-tsì ē-tàng sǹg kàu 2002 nî khì. Tsit-tiunn siòng-phìnn sī kā kin-nî 1 gue̍h kàu 6 gue̍h iōng NASA Tāng-li̍k-ha̍k Thian-bûn-tâi Uī-tshinn ta̍k-kang hip ê siòng-phìnn thia̍p-tsò tsi̍t-tiunn–ê. Tse lāi-té ū tsiok tsē Thài-iông Oo-tsú, kî-tiong khah tuā-lia̍p ê, tī Thài-iông-puânn tíng-kuân ē tshut-hiān 2 lé-pài, uì tò-pîng kiânn kàu tsiànn-pîng. Thài-iông tsiu-kî kè-sio̍k, lán to̍h ē khuànn-tio̍h Thài-iông Oo-tsú khah tsia̍p tshut-hiān tī tshik-tō hù-kīn. Thài-iông Oo-tsú sī Thài-iông piáu-bīn ua̍h-tāng ê kî-tiong tsi̍t-khuán, kî-thann koh ū Thài-iông sih-kng kah Thài-iông ji̍t-bián phùn-tshut (CMEs), tse ē kā lia̍p-tsú tàn ji̍p-khì Thài-iông-hē lāi-té. In-uī tsit-kuá lia̍p-tsú ē íng-hióng thài-khong-jîn kah tiān-tsú siat-pī, sóo-í tui-tsong Thài-iông piáu-bīn ê piàn-huà to̍h m̄-sī kan-na uī-tio̍h gē-su̍t kè-ta̍t ah. Sī-kóng, Thài-iông ua̍h-tāng mā ē-tàng sī ū tsiok kuân ê gē-su̍t kè-ta̍t, iû-kî i nā-sī teh jiok huat-sing tī Tē-kiû tāi-khì-tsân ê ki̍k-kng.

[English] Sunspots on an Active Sun

Why is our Sun so active now? No one is sure. An increase in surface activity was expected because our Sun is approaching solar maximum in 2025. However, last month our Sun sprouted more sunspots than in any month during the entire previous 11-year solar cycle – and even dating back to 2002. The featured picture is a composite of images taken every day from January to June by NASA’s Solar Dynamic Observatory. Showing a high abundance of sunspots, large individual spots can be tracked across the Sun’s disk, left to right, over about two weeks. As a solar cycle continues, sunspots typically appear closer to the equator. Sunspots are just one way that our Sun displays surface activity – another is flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) that expel particles out into the Solar System. Since these particles can affect astronauts and electronics, tracking surface disturbances is of more than aesthetic value. Conversely, solar activity can have very high aesthetic value – in the Earth’s atmosphere when they trigger aurora.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【太陽烏子】Thài-iông o͘-chú/Thài-iông oo-tsú/太陽黑子/sunspots
• 【太陽極大期】Thài-iông ke̍k-tōa-ki/Thài-iông ki̍k-tuā-ki/太陽極大期/solar maximum
• 【太陽日冕噴出】Thài-iông ji̍t-bián phùn-chhut/Thài-iông ji̍t-bián phùn-tshut/太陽日冕噴出/coronal mass ejections (CMEs)
• 【太陽盤】Thài-iông-pôaⁿ/Thài-iông-puânn/太陽盤/solar disk
• 【極光】ke̍k-kng/ki̍k-kng/極光/aurora
• 【赤道】chhek-tō/tshek-tō/赤道/equator
• 【太陽爍光】Thài-iông sih-kng/Thài-iông sih-kng/太陽閃焰/flares
• 【動力學天文台衛星】Tāng-le̍k-ha̍k Thian-bûn-tâi Ūi-chhiⁿ/Tāng-li̍k-ha̍k Thian-bûn-tâi Uī-tshinn/動力學天文台衛星/Solar Dynamic Observatory