Ùi 重力宇宙來 ê 的信息

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：A Message from the Gravitational Universe
• 插畫來源：NANOGrav Physics Frontier Center; 文稿：Natalia Lewandowska (SUNY Oswego)
• 開放科學：Browse 3,000+ codes in the Astrophysics Source Code Library
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)

[漢羅] Ùi 重力宇宙來 ê 的信息

北美 Nanohertz 重力波天文台 (NANOGrav) 是一組足大型 ê 電波望遠鏡。 伊監看 68 粒 脈動星，閣足細膩量 in ê 光線到地球 微微仔 ê 時間差，才會揣著 背景 有重力波 (GW) ê 證據。 這款時間差 kah 無仝粒 脈動星 有關係， 表示講這是重力波造成–ê。 背景 ê 重力波 可能是受著 幾若十萬 抑是 幾若百萬粒 雙超大質量烏洞 ê 影響。 歐洲、亞洲 kah 澳洲 ê 團隊嘛 tī 今仔日分別報告 in ê 結果。 進前，LIGO kah Virgo 探測器嘛捌量著 ùi 兩粒互踅 ê 大質量天體，親像是 恆星質量 烏洞 這款天體，合併 所產生 ê 較懸頻率 ê 重力波。 這張插圖利用 tī 兩粒互踅 ê 超大質量烏洞 kah 幾若粒脈動星 揣著 ê 微微仔時間差，來強調 時空 振動 ê 結果。 這寡 tī 時空留痕 ê 重力波，tī 這張插圖內底就用 扭曲 ê 格仔 來表示。

[POJ] Ùi Tiōng-le̍k Ú-tiū lâi–ê ê Sìn-sit

Pak-bí Nanohertz Tiōng-le̍k-pho Thian-bûn-tâi (NANOGrav) sī chi̍t-cho͘ chiok tōa-hêng ê tiān-pho bōng-oán-kiàⁿ. I kàm-khòaⁿ 68 lia̍p me̍h-tōng-chhiⁿ, koh chiò sè-jī niû in ê kng-sòaⁿ kàu Tē-kiû bî-bî-á ê sî-kan-chha, chiah-ē chhōe-tio̍h pōe-kéng ū tiōng-le̍k-pho (GW) ê chèng-kì. Chit-khoán sî-kan-chha kah bô-kāng-lia̍p me̍h-tōng-chhiⁿ ū koan-hē, piáu-sī kóng che-sī tiōng-le̍k-pho chō-sêng–ê. Pōe-kéng ê tiōng-le̍k-pho khó-lêng sī siū-tio̍h kúi-nā cha̍p-bān ia̍h-sī kúi-nā pah-bān lia̍p siang chhiau-tōa chit-liōng o͘-tōng ê éng-hióng. Au-chiu, A-chiu kah Ò-chiu ê thoân-tūi mā tī kin-á-ji̍t hun-pia̍t pò-kò in ê kiat-kó. Chìn-chêng, LIGO kah Virgo thàm-chhek-khì mā bat niû-tio̍h ùi nn̄g-lia̍p hō͘-se̍h ê tōa-chit-liōng thian-thé, chhin-chhiūⁿ sī hêng-chhiⁿ chit-liōng o͘-tōng chit-khoán thian-thé, ha̍p-pèng só͘ sán-seng ê khah koân pîn-lu̍t ê tiōng-le̍k-pho. Chit-tiuⁿ chhah-tô͘ lī-iōng tī nn̄g-lia̍p hō͘-se̍h ê chhiau-tōa chit-liōng o͘-tōng kah kúi-nā-lia̍p me̍h-tōng-chhiⁿ chhōe–tio̍h ê bî-bî-á sî-kan-chha, lâi kiông-tiāu sî-khong tín-tāng ê kiat-kó. Chit kóa tī sî-khong lâu hûn ê tiōng-le̍k-pho, tī chit-tiuⁿ chhah-tô͘ lāi-té tō iōng niú-khiok ê keh-á lâi piáu-sī.

[KIP] Uì Tiōng-li̍k Ú-tiū lâi–ê ê Sìn-sit

Pak-bí Nanohertz Tiōng-li̍k-pho Thian-bûn-tâi (NANOGrav) sī tsi̍t-tsoo tsiok tuā-hîng ê tiān-pho bōng-uán-kiànn. I kàm-khuànn 68 lia̍p me̍h-tōng-tshinn, koh tsiò sè-jī niû in ê kng-suànn kàu Tē-kiû bî-bî-á ê sî-kan-tsha, tsiah-ē tshuē-tio̍h puē-kíng ū tiōng-li̍k-pho (GW) ê tsìng-kì. Tsit-khuán sî-kan-tsha kah bô-kāng-lia̍p me̍h-tōng-tshinn ū kuan-hē, piáu-sī kóng tse-sī tiōng-li̍k-pho tsō-sîng–ê. Puē-kíng ê tiōng-li̍k-pho khó-lîng sī siū-tio̍h kuí-nā tsa̍p-bān ia̍h-sī kuí-nā pah-bān lia̍p siang tshiau-tuā tsit-liōng oo-tōng ê íng-hióng. Au-tsiu, A-tsiu kah Ò-tsiu ê thuân-tuī mā tī kin-á-ji̍t hun-pia̍t pò-kò in ê kiat-kó. Tsìn-tsîng, LIGO kah Virgo thàm-tshik-khì mā bat niû-tio̍h uì nn̄g-lia̍p hōo-se̍h ê tuā-tsit-liōng thian-thé, tshin-tshiūnn sī hîng-tshinn tsit-liōng oo-tōng tsit-khuán thian-thé, ha̍p-pìng sóo sán-sing ê khah kuân pîn-lu̍t ê tiōng-li̍k-pho. Tsit-tiunn tshah-tôo lī-iōng tī nn̄g-lia̍p hōo-se̍h ê tshiau-tuā tsit-liōng oo-tōng kah kuí-nā-lia̍p me̍h-tōng-tshinn tshuē–tio̍h ê bî-bî-á sî-kan-tsha, lâi kiông-tiāu sî-khong tín-tāng ê kiat-kó. Tsit kuá tī sî-khong lâu hûn ê tiōng-li̍k-pho, tī tsit-tiunn tshah-tôo lāi-té tō iōng niú-khiok ê keh-á lâi piáu-sī.

[English] A Message from the Gravitational Universe

Monitoring 68 pulsars with very large radio telescopes, the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) has uncovered evidence for the gravitational wave (GW) background by carefully measuring slight shifts in the arrival times of pulses. These shifts are correlated between different pulsars in a way that indicates that they are caused by GWs. This GW background is likely due to hundreds of thousands or even millions of supermassive black hole binaries. Teams in Europe, Asia and Australia have also independently reported their results today. Previously, the LIGO and Virgo detectors have detected higher-frequency GWs from the merging of individual pairs of massive orbiting objects, such as stellar-mass black holes. The featured illustration highlights this spacetime-shaking result by depicting two orbiting supermassive black holes and several of the pulsars that would appear to have slight timing shifts. The imprint these GWs make on spacetime itself is illustrated by a distorted grid.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【北美 Nanohertz 重力波天文台】Pak-bí Nanohertz Tiōng-li̍k-pho Thian-bûn-tâi/Pak-bí Nanohertz Tiōng-li̍k-pho Thian-bûn-tâi/北美納赫茲引力波天文台/NANOGrav
• 【電波望遠鏡】tiān-pho bōng-oán-kiàⁿ/tiān-pho bōng-uán-kiànn/電波望遠鏡/radio telescope
• 【脈動星】me̍h-tōng-chhiⁿ/me̍h-tōng-tshinn/脈動星/pulsar
• 【重力波】tiōng-le̍k-pho/tiōng-li̍k-photiōng-li̍k-pho/重力波/gravitational wave
• 【雙超大質量烏洞】siang chhiau-tōa chit-liōng o͘-tōng/siang tshiau-tuā tsit-liōng oo-tōng/雙超大質量烏洞/supermassive black hole binaries
• 【時空振動】sî-khong tín-tāng/sî-khong tín-tāng/時空震動/spacetime-shaking
• 【雷射干涉引力波天文台】Lûi-siā Kan-sia̍p Ín-le̍k-pho Thian-bûn-tâi/Luî-siā Kan-sia̍p Ín-li̍k-pho Thian-bûn-tâi/雷射干涉引力波天文台/Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO)
• 【室女座干涉儀】Sek-lú-chō Kan-sia̍p-gî/Sik-lú-tsō Kan-sia̍p-gî/室女座干涉儀/Virgo interferometer