仙后座 A ê 循環再生

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：Recycling Cassiopeia A
• 影像來源：X-ray - NASA, CXC, SAO; Optical - NASA,STScI
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)

[漢羅] 仙后座 A ê 循環再生

咱銀河系內底 ê 大質量恆星，有足精彩 ê 人生。 In ùi 大範圍 ê 宇宙雲開始崩塌，紲落來 tī in ê 核心 kā 核反應爐點予著，製造出重元素。 幾若百萬年了後，這寡 豐富 ê 物質 會噴轉去星際空間，驅動新 ê 恆星形成活動。 這个咧脹大 ê 殘骸雲 仙后座 A，就是其中一个例，伊是恆星性命週期 ê 上尾一个階段。 超新星爆炸會產生超新星殘骸。 咱 tī 地球天頂 上早看著 超新星爆炸發出來 ê 光，差不多是 350 年前。 毋過 ùi 伊遐發出來 ê 光，其實是愛行 1 萬 1000 年才會到咱遮。 這張假色影像是 X 光 kah 可見光影像資料 ê 組合影像。 X 光影像資料是 ùi Chandra X 光天文台來–ê，可見光影像資料是 ùi Hubble 太空望遠鏡來–ê。 咱會當看著超新星殘骸內底 溫度猶足懸 ê 雲絲 kah 雲丸。 照目前估計 ê 仙后座 A ê 距離來看，伊 ê 大細差不多有 30 光年大。 高能 X 光 tī 幾个特定元素 產生 ê 發射線，有用無仝色 kā 標出來。 紅色是 sir-lí-khóng，黃色是硫磺，青色是 kha-lú-sìm-muh，茄仔色是鐵。 按呢會當幫贊 天文學家 探索 咱銀河內 ê 恆星物質，是按怎循環再生–ê。 猶繼續咧脹大 ê 外層衝擊波，是藍色色調–ê。 中心附近 較光 ê 光點 是中子星，伊是大質量恆星 核心崩塌了後，賰落來 ê 密度足懸 ê 恆星核。

[POJ] Sian-hiō-chō A ê Sûn-khoân Chài-seng

Lán gîrn-hô-hē lāi-tóe ê tōa-chit-liōng hêng-chhiⁿ, ū chiok cheng-chhái ê jîn-seng. In ùi tōa hoān-ûi ê ú-tiū-hûn khai-sí pang-lap, sòa-lo̍h-lâi tī in ê he̍k-sim kā he̍k-hoán-èng-lô͘ tiám hō͘ to̍h, chè-chō-chhut tāng-goân-sò͘. Kúi-nā pah bān-nî liáu-āu, chit-kóa hong-hù ê bu̍t-chit ē phùn tńg-khì seng-chè-khong-kan, khu-tōng sin ê hêng-chhiⁿ hêng-sêng oa̍h-tāng. Chit-ê leh tiùⁿ-tōa ê chân-hâi-hûn Sian-hiō-chō A, to̍h-sī kî-tiong chi̍t-ê lē, i sī hêng-chhiⁿ sèⁿ-miā chiu-kî ê siōng-bóe chi̍t-ê kai-tōaⁿ. Chhiau-sin-seng po̍k-chà ē sán-seng chhiau-sin-seng chân-hâi. Lán tī Tē-kiû thiⁿ-téng siōng chá khòaⁿ-tio̍h chhiau-sin-seng po̍k-chà hoat–chhut-lâi ê kng, chha-put-to sī 350 nî-chêng. M̄-koh ùi i hiah hoat–chhut-lâi ê kng, kî-si̍t sī ài kiâⁿ 1 bān 1000 nî chiah-ē kàu lán chia. Chit-tiuⁿ ká-sek iáⁿ-siōng sī X kng kah khó-kiàn-kng iáⁿ-siōng-chu-liāu ê cho͘-ha̍p iáⁿ-siōng. X kng iáⁿ-siōng-chu-liāu sī ùi Chandra X kng thian-bûn-tâi lâi–ê, khó-kiàn-kng iáⁿ-siōng-chu-liāu sī ùi Hubble thài-khong bōng-oán-kiàⁿ lâi–ê. Lán ē-tàng khòaⁿ-tio̍h chhiau-sin-seng chân-hâi lāi-tóe un-tō͘ iáu chiok koân ê hûn-si kah hûn-oân. Chiàu bo̍k-chiân kó͘-kè ê Sian-hiō-chō A ê kū-lī lâi-khòaⁿ, i ê tōa-sòe chha-put-to ū 30 kng-nî tōa. Ko-lêng X kng tī kúi-ê te̍k-tēng goân-sò͘ sán-seng ê hoat-siā-sòaⁿ, ū iōng bô-kâng sek kā piau–chhut-lâi. Âng-sek sī sir-lí-khóng, n̂g-sek sī liû-hông, chhiⁿ-sek sī kha-lú-sìm-muh, kiô-á-sek sī thih. Án-ne ē-tàng pang-chān thian-bûn ha̍k-ka thàm-soh lán gîrn-hô lāi ê hêng-chhiⁿ bu̍t-chit, sī án-chóaⁿ sûn-khoân chài-seng–ê. Iáu kè-sio̍k leh tiùⁿ-tōa ê gōa-chân chhiong-kek-pho, sī nâ-sek sek-tiāu–ê. Tiong-sim hù-kīn khah kng ê kng-tiám sī tiong-chír-chhiⁿ, i sī tōa-chit-liōng hêng-chhiⁿ he̍k-sim pang-lap liáu-āu, chhun–lo̍h-lâi ê bi̍t-tō͘ chiok koân ê hêng-chhiⁿ-he̍k.

[KIP] Sian-hiō-tsō A ê Sûn-khuân Tsài-sing

Lán gîrn-hô-hē lāi-tué ê tuā-tsit-liōng hîng-tshinn, ū tsiok tsing-tshái ê jîn-sing. In uì tuā huān-uî ê ú-tiū-hûn khai-sí pang-lap, suà-lo̍h-lâi tī in ê hi̍k-sim kā hi̍k-huán-ìng-lôo tiám hōo to̍h, tsè-tsō-tshut tāng-guân-sòo. Kuí-nā pah bān-nî liáu-āu, tsit-kuá hong-hù ê bu̍t-tsit ē phùn tńg-khì sing-tsè-khong-kan, khu-tōng sin ê hîng-tshinn hîng-sîng ua̍h-tāng. Tsit-ê leh tiùnn-tuā ê tsân-hâi-hûn Sian-hiō-tsō A, to̍h-sī kî-tiong tsi̍t-ê lē, i sī hîng-tshinn sènn-miā tsiu-kî ê siōng-bué tsi̍t-ê kai-tuānn. Tshiau-sin-sing po̍k-tsà ē sán-sing tshiau-sin-sing tsân-hâi. Lán tī Tē-kiû thinn-tíng siōng tsá khuànn-tio̍h tshiau-sin-sing po̍k-tsà huat–tshut-lâi ê kng, tsha-put-to sī 350 nî-tsîng. M̄-koh uì i hiah huat–tshut-lâi ê kng, kî-si̍t sī ài kiânn 1 bān 1000 nî tsiah-ē kàu lán tsia. Tsit-tiunn ká-sik iánn-siōng sī X kng kah khó-kiàn-kng iánn-siōng-tsu-liāu ê tsoo-ha̍p iánn-siōng. X kng iánn-siōng-tsu-liāu sī uì Chandra X kng thian-bûn-tâi lâi–ê, khó-kiàn-kng iánn-siōng-tsu-liāu sī uì Hubble thài-khong bōng-uán-kiànn lâi–ê. Lán ē-tàng khuànn-tio̍h tshiau-sin-sing tsân-hâi lāi-tué un-tōo iáu tsiok kuân ê hûn-si kah hûn-uân. Tsiàu bo̍k-tsiân kóo-kè ê Sian-hiō-tsō A ê kū-lī lâi-khuànn, i ê tuā-suè tsha-put-to ū 30 kng-nî tuā. Ko-lîng X kng tī kuí-ê ti̍k-tīng guân-sòo sán-sing ê huat-siā-suànn, ū iōng bô-kâng sik kā piau–tshut-lâi. Âng-sik sī sir-lí-khóng, n̂g-sik sī liû-hông, tshinn-sik sī kha-lú-sìm-muh, kiô-á-sik sī thih. Án-ne ē-tàng pang-tsān thian-bûn ha̍k-ka thàm-soh lán gîrn-hô lāi ê hîng-tshinn bu̍t-tsit, sī án-tsuánn sûn-khuân tsài-sing–ê. Iáu kè-sio̍k leh tiùnn-tuā ê guā-tsân tshiong-kik-pho, sī nâ-sik sik-tiāu–ê. Tiong-sim hù-kīn khah kng ê kng-tiám sī tiong-tsír-tshinn, i sī tuā-tsit-liōng hîng-tshinn hi̍k-sim pang-lap liáu-āu, tshun–lo̍h-lâi ê bi̍t-tōo tsiok kuân ê hîng-tshinn-hi̍k.

[English] Recycling Cassiopeia A

Massive stars in our Milky Way Galaxy live spectacular lives. Collapsing from vast cosmic clouds, their nuclear furnaces ignite and create heavy elements in their cores. After a few million years, the enriched material is blasted back into interstellar space where star formation can begin anew. The expanding debris cloud known as Cassiopeia A is an example of this final phase of the stellar life cycle. Light from the explosion which created this supernova remnant would have been first seen in planet Earth’s sky about 350 years ago, although it took that light about 11,000 years to reach us. This false-color image, composed of X-ray and optical image data from the Chandra X-ray Observatory and Hubble Space Telescope, shows the still hot filaments and knots in the remnant. It spans about 30 light-years at the estimated distance of Cassiopeia A. High-energy X-ray emission from specific elements has been color coded, silicon in red, sulfur in yellow, calcium in green and iron in purple, to help astronomers explore the recycling of our galaxy’s star stuff. Still expanding, the outer blast wave is seen in blue hues. The bright speck near the center is a neutron star, the incredibly dense, collapsed remains of the massive stellar core.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【仙后座 A】Sian-hiō-chō A/Sian-hiō-tsō A/仙后座 A/Cassiopeia A
• 【重元素】tāng-goân-sò͘/tāng-guân-sòo/重元素/heavy elements
• 【星際空間】seng-chè-khong-kan/sing-tsè-khong-kan/星際空間/interstellar space
• 【恆星形成】hêng-chhiⁿ hêng-sêng/hîng-tshinn hîng-sîng/恆星形成/star formation
• 【超新星殘骸】chhiau-sin-seng chân-hâi/tshiau-sin-sing tsân-hâi/超新星殘骸/supernova remnant
• 【超新星爆炸】chhiau-sin-seng po̍k-chà/tshiau-sin-sing po̍k-tsà/超新星爆炸/supernova explosion
• 【假色影像】ká-sek iáⁿ-siōng/ká-sik iánn-siōng/假色影像/false-color image
• 【發射線】hoat-siā-sòaⁿ/huat-siā-suànn/發射線/emission
• 【sir-lí-khóng】sir-lí-khóng/sir-lí-khóng/矽/silicon
• 【硫磺】liû-hông/liû-hông/硫/sulfur
• 【kha-lú-sìm-muh】kha-lú-sìm-muh/kha-lú-sìm-muh/鈣/calcium
• 【鐵】thih/thih/鐵/iron
• 【銀河】gîrn-hô/gîrn-hô/銀河/our galaxy
• 【衝擊波】chhiong-kek-pho/tshiong-kik-pho/衝擊波/blast wave
• 【中子星】tiong-chú-chhiⁿ/tiong-tsú-tshinn/中子星/neutron star
• 【恆星核】hêng-chhiⁿ-he̍k/hîng-tshinn-hi̍k/恆星核/stellar core
• 【雲絲】hûn-si/hûn-si/絲狀結構/filament
• 【雲丸】hûn-oân/hûn-uân/結狀結構/knot