哈雷彗星 ê 塗粉、火星 ê 塗粉、kah 銀河系

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：Halley Dust, Mars Dust, and Milky Way
• 影像來源 kah 版權：Petr Horalek / Institute of Physics in Opava
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)

[漢羅] 哈雷彗星 ê 塗粉、火星 ê 塗粉、kah 銀河系

5 月初 ê 時陣，有一大陣 宇宙塗粉粒 tī 夜空飛過。 這是 週期性彗星 哈雷彗星 留落來 ê 屑仔 流。 地球逐年行過 這寡屑仔流 ê 時陣，就會產生 寶瓶座 η 流星雨。 毋過，今年 5 月 ê 時陣，寶瓶座 η 流星雨上濟 ê 時陣，會因為拄著月圓，煞看無遐爾明。 是講舊年 5 月，出現 哈雷彗星 塗粉流 彼站仔 ê 透早，無去予月光影響著。 這張組合相片是 kā 2022 年 4 月 28 到 5 月 8 號之間 tī 智利 San Pedro de Atacama 天頂 紀錄落來 ê 寶瓶座 η 流星雨影像。 攏總有翕著 90 粒左右 ê 流星，in ê 輻射點 是 tī 寶瓶座。 弧形 ê 銀河中心 tī 天猶袂光進前，迒過南半球天頂。 Ùi 地平線 peh 起來、薄薄 ê 光帶是黃道光，這是太陽系黃道面頂懸 ê 塗粉去予日光散射產生 ê 光。 行 tī 黃道頂懸，kah 黃道光做伙出場 ê 行星，是 足光 ê 金星、木星、火星、kah 土星。 是講最近科學家發現講，火星本身 嘛有可能是製造黃道塗粉 ê 來源之一，這寡塗粉會 tī 地球天頂產生 黃道光。

[POJ] Ha-lûi-hūi-chhiⁿ ê thô͘-hún, Hé-chhiⁿ ê thô͘-hún, kah Gûn-hô-hē

5 ge̍h-chhōe ê sî-chūn, ū chi̍t-tōa-tīn ú-tiū thô͘-hún-lia̍p tī iā-khong pe-kè. Che sī chiu-kî-sèng hūi-chhiⁿ Ha-lûi-hūi-chhiⁿ lâu–lo̍h-lâi ê sap-á-liû. Tē-kiû ta̍k-nî kiâⁿ-kè chit-kóa sap-á-liû ê sî-chūn, to̍h ē sán-seng Pó-pân-chō η liû-chhiⁿ-hō͘. M̄-koh, kin-nî 5 ge̍h ê sî-chūn, Pó-pân-chō η liû-chhiⁿ-hō͘ siōng chōe ê sî-chūn, ē in-ūi tú-tio̍h ge̍h-îⁿ, soah khòaⁿ bô hiah-nī bêng. Sī-kóng kū-nî 5 ge̍h, chhut-hiān Ha-lûi-hūi-chhiⁿ thô͘-hún-liû hit-chām-á ê thàu-chá, bô khì hō͘ ge̍h-kng éng-hióng tio̍h. Chit-tiuⁿ cho͘-ha̍p siòng-phìⁿ sī kā 2022 nî 4 ge̍h 28 kàu 5 ge̍h 8 hō chit-kan tī Tì-lī San Pedro de Atacama thiⁿ-téng kì-lio̍k lo̍h-lâi ê Pó-pân-chō η liû-chhiⁿ-hō͘ iáⁿ-siōng. Lóng-chóng ū hip-tio̍h 90 lia̍p chó-iū ê liû-chhiⁿ, in ê hok-siā-tiám sī tī Pó-pân-chō. Hô͘-hêng ê Gûn-hô tiong-sim tī thiⁿ iáu-bē kng chìn-chêng, hāⁿ kè lâm-pòaⁿ-kiû thiⁿ-téng. Ùi tē-pêng-sòaⁿ peh–khí-lâi, po̍h-po̍h ê kng-tòa sī n̂g-tō-kng, che sī Thài-iông-hē n̂g-tō-bīn téng-koân ê thô͘-hún khì hō͘ ji̍t-kng sàn-siā sán-seng ê kng. Kiâⁿ tī n̄g-tō téng-koân, kah n̂g-tō-kng chòe-hé chhut-tiûⁿ ê kiâⁿ-chhiⁿ, sī chiok kng ê Kim-chhiⁿ, Bo̍k-chhiⁿ, Hé-chhiⁿ, kah Thó͘-chhiⁿ. Sī-kóng chòe-kūn kho-ha̍k-ka hoat-hiān kóng, Hé-chhiⁿ pún-sin mā ū khó-lêng sī chè-chō n̄g-tō thô͘-hún ê lâi-goân chi-it, chit-kóa thô͘-hún ē tī Tē-kiû thiⁿ-téng sán-seng n̂g-tō-kng.

[KIP] Ha-luî-huī-tshinn ê thôo-hún, Hé-tshinn ê thôo-hún, kah Gûn-hô-hē

5 ge̍h-tshuē ê sî-tsūn, ū tsi̍t-tuā-tīn ú-tiū thôo-hún-lia̍p tī iā-khong pe-kè. Tse sī tsiu-kî-sìng huī-tshinn Ha-luî-huī-tshinn lâu–lo̍h-lâi ê sap-á-liû. Tē-kiû ta̍k-nî kiânn-kè tsit-kuá sap-á-liû ê sî-tsūn, to̍h ē sán-sing Pó-pân-tsō η liû-tshinn-hōo. M̄-koh, kin-nî 5 ge̍h ê sî-tsūn, Pó-pân-tsō η liû-tshinn-hōo siōng tsuē ê sî-tsūn, ē in-uī tú-tio̍h ge̍h-înn, suah khuànn bô hiah-nī bîng. Sī-kóng kū-nî 5 ge̍h, tshut-hiān Ha-luî-huī-tshinn thôo-hún-liû hit-tsām-á ê thàu-tsá, bô khì hōo ge̍h-kng íng-hióng tio̍h. Tsit-tiunn tsoo-ha̍p siòng-phìnn sī kā 2022 nî 4 ge̍h 28 kàu 5 ge̍h 8 hō tsit-kan tī Tì-lī San Pedro de Atacama thinn-tíng kì-lio̍k lo̍h-lâi ê Pó-pân-tsō η liû-tshinn-hōo iánn-siōng. Lóng-tsóng ū hip-tio̍h 90 lia̍p tsó-iū ê liû-tshinn, in ê hok-siā-tiám sī tī Pó-pân-tsō. Hôo-hîng ê Gûn-hô tiong-sim tī thinn iáu-bē kng tsìn-tsîng, hānn kè lâm-puànn-kiû thinn-tíng. Uì tē-pîng-suànn peh–khí-lâi, po̍h-po̍h ê kng-tuà sī n̂g-tō-kng, tse sī Thài-iông-hē n̂g-tō-bīn tíng-kuân ê thôo-hún khì hōo ji̍t-kng sàn-siā sán-sing ê kng. Kiânn tī n̄g-tō tíng-kuân, kah n̂g-tō-kng tsuè-hé tshut-tiûnn ê kiânn-tshinn, sī tsiok kng ê Kim-tshinn, Bo̍k-tshinn, Hé-tshinn, kah Thóo-tshinn. Sī-kóng tsuè-kūn kho-ha̍k-ka huat-hiān kóng, Hé-tshinn pún-sin mā ū khó-lîng sī tsè-tsō n̄g-tō thôo-hún ê lâi-guân tsi-it, tsit-kuá thôo-hún ē tī Tē-kiû thinn-tíng sán-sing n̂g-tō-kng.

[English] Halley Dust, Mars Dust, and Milky Way

Grains of cosmic dust streaked through night skies in early May. Swept up as planet Earth plowed through the debris streams left behind by periodic Comet Halley, the annual meteor shower is known as the Eta Aquarids. This year, the Eta Aquarids peak was visually hampered by May’s bright Full Moon, though. But early morning hours surrounding last May’s shower of Halley dust were free of moonlight interference. In exposures recorded between April 28 and May 8 in 2022, this composited image shows nearly 90 Eta Aquarid meteors streaking from the shower’s radiant in Aquarius over San Pedro de Atacama, Chile. The central Milky Way arcs above in the southern hemisphere’s predawn skies. The faint band of light rising from the horizon is Zodiacal light, caused by dust scattering sunlight near our Solar System’s ecliptic plane. Along the ecliptic and entrained in the Zodiacal glow are the bright planets Venus, Jupiter, Mars, and Saturn. Of course Mars itself has recently been found to be a likely source of the dust along the ecliptic responsible for creating Zodiacal light.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【哈雷彗星】Ha-lûi-hūi-chhiⁿ/Ha-luî-huī-tshinn/哈雷彗星/Comet Halley
• 【火星】Hé-chhiⁿ/Hé-tshinn/火星/Mars
• 【銀河系】Gûn-hô-hē/Gûn-hô-hē/銀河系/Milky Way
• 【週期性彗星】chiu-kî-sèng hūi-chhiⁿ/tsiu-kî-sìng huī-tshinn/週期性彗星/periodic Comet
• 【屑仔流】sap-á-liû/sap-á-liû/碎片流/debris streams
• 【寶瓶座】Pó-pân-chō/Pó-pân-tsō/寶瓶座/Aquarius
• 【寶瓶座 η 流星雨】Pó-pân-chō Eta liû-chhiⁿ-hō͘/Pó-pân-tsō Eta liû-tshinn-hōo/寶瓶座 η 流星雨/the Eta Aquarids
• 【流星雨】liû-chhiⁿ-hō͘/liû-tshinn-hōo/流星雨/meteor shower
• 【輻射點】hok-siā-tiám/hok-siā-tiám/輻射點/radiant
• 【黃道光】n̂g-tō-kng/n̂g-tō-kng/黃道光/Zodiacal light
• 【黃道面】n̂g-tō-bīn/n̂g-tō-bīn/黃道面/ecliptic
• 【南半球】lâm-pòaⁿ-kiû/lâm-puànn-kiû/南半球/southern hemisphere
• 【散射】sàn-siā/sàn-siā/散射/scatter
• 【金星】Kim-chhiⁿ/Kim-tshinn/金星/Venus
• 【木星】Bo̍k-chhiⁿ/Bo̍k-tshinn/木星/Jupiter
• 【土星】Thó͘-chhiⁿ/Thóo-tshinn/土星/Saturn
• 【太陽系】Thài-iông-hē/Thài-iông-hē/太陽系/Solar System
• 【地平線】tē-pêng-sòaⁿ/tē-pîng-suànn/地平線/horizontal