M57：Hubble 太空望遠鏡 翕 ê 環形星雲

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：M57: The Ring Nebula from Hubble
• 影像來源：NASA, ESA, Hubble Legacy Archive; 資料處理：Judy Schmidt
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)

[漢羅] M57：Hubble 太空望遠鏡 翕 ê 環形星雲

這个星雲幾若百年前就去予觀星者注意著矣，毋過彼當陣 猶無了解 是按怎伊會生做這形–ê。 伊看–起來敢若是天頂 ê 圓箍仔。 除了 土星 環以外，這个 環形星雲 (M57) 應該是天頂上有名 ê 天體環矣。 咱這馬知影講伊是啥物矣。 而且會出現遮爾 有代表性 ê 外形，應該是因為咱看伊 ê 角度拄拄仔好。 這張科學家最近鬥–出來–ê、咧脹大 ê 星雲 3D 結構圖，一部份是根據 Hubble 太空望遠鏡 ê 清楚影像 來–ê。 影像 kā 咱講，這个星雲是一个密度較懸、像甜箍仔麭 ê 圓箍仔，去予包 tī 咧發光 ê 美國 跤球形 ê 星雲中央。 咱 tī 地球 是看 tùi 這粒跤球 ê 長軸方向去，所以是面向圓箍仔 ê 方向咧看。 是講，這个咱這馬已經知影講，這个 行星形星雲 咧發光 ê 物質，毋是 ùi 行星來–ê。 這个氣體殼顛倒是 ùi 死亡恆星 ê 外層氣體搩–出來–ê。 這款恆星 以前是 類太陽恆星，這馬變做是星雲中心微微仔咧發光 ê 細粒光點。 中心高溫恆星 ê 紫外光 kā 氣體內底 ê 原子 離子化。 環形星雲 ê 大細差不多有 1 光年 闊，離咱有 2500 光年遠。

[POJ] M57: Hubble Thài-khong-bōng-oán-kiàⁿ hip–ê Khoân-hêng-seng-hûn

Chit-ê seng-hûn kúi-ā pah nî-chêng to̍h khì hō͘ koan-seng-chiá chù-ì–tio̍h, m̄-koh hit-tang-chūn iáu bô liáu-kái sī án-ná i ē seⁿ-chò chit-hêng–ê. I khòaⁿ-khí-lâi ká-ná sī thiⁿ-téng ê îⁿ-kho͘-á. Tû-liáu Thó͘-chheⁿ-khoân ì-gōa, chit-ê Khoân-hêng-seng-hûn (M57) èng-kai sī thiⁿ-téng siōng ū-miâ ê thian-thé-khoân–ah. Lán chit-má chai-iáⁿ kóng i sī siáⁿ-mi̍h–ah. Jî-chhiáⁿ ē chhut-hiān chiah-nī ū tāi-piáu-sèng ê gōa-hêng, èng-kai sī in-ūi lán khòaⁿ i ê kak-tō͘ tú-tú-á-hó. Chit-tiuⁿ kho-ha̍k-ka chòe-kīn tàu–chhut-lâi–ê, leh tiùⁿ-tōa ê seng-hûn 3D kiat-kò͘-tô͘, chi̍t-pō͘-hūn sī kun-kù Hubble Thài-khong-bōng-oán-kiàⁿ ê chheng-chhó iáⁿ-siōng lâi–ê. Iáⁿ-siōng kā lán kóng, chit-ê seng-hûn sī chi̍t-ê bi̍t-tō͘ khah koân, chhiūⁿ tiⁿ-kho͘-pháng ê îⁿ-kho͘-á, khì hō͘, khì hō͘ pau tī leh hoat-kng ê Bí-kok kha-kiû-hêng ê seng-hûn tiong-ng. Lán tī Tē-kiû sī khòaⁿ tùi chit-lia̍p kha-kiû ê tn̂g-te̍k hong-hiòng khì, só͘-í sī bīn-hiòng îⁿ-kho͘-á ê hong-hiòng leh khòaⁿ. Sī kóng, chit-ê lán chit-má í-keng chai-iáⁿ kóng, chit-ê kiâⁿ-chheⁿ-hêng seng-hûn leh hoat-kng ê bu̍t-chit, m̄-sī ùi kiâⁿ-chheⁿ lâi–ê. Chit-ê khì-thé-khak tian-tò sī ùi sí-bông hêng-chheⁿ ê gōa-chàn khì-thé kiat–chhut-lâi–ê. Chit-khoán hêng-chheⁿ í-chêng sī lūi-thài-iông hêng-chheⁿ, chit-má piàn-chò sī seng-hûn tiong-sim bî-bî-á leh hoat-kng ê sè-lia̍p kng-tiám. Tiong-sim ko-un hêng-chheⁿ ê chí-gōa-kng kā khì-thé lāi-té ê goân-chú lī-chú hòa. Khoân-hêng-seng-hûn ê tōa-sè chha-put-to ū 1 kng-nî khoah, lī lán ū 2500 kng-nî hn̄g.

[KIP] M̂7: Hubble Thài-khong-bōng-uán-kiànn hip–ê Khuân-hîng-sing-hûn

Tsit-ê sing-hûn kuí-ā pah nî-tsîng to̍h khì hōo kuan-sing-tsiá tsù-ì–tio̍h, m̄-koh hit-tang-tsūn iáu bô liáu-kái sī án-ná i ē senn-tsò tsit-hîng–ê. I khuànn-khí-lâi ká-ná sī thinn-tíng ê înn-khoo-á. Tû-liáu Thóo-tshenn-khuân ì-guā, tsit-ê Khuân-hîng-sing-hûn (M̂7) ìng-kai sī thinn-tíng siōng ū-miâ ê thian-thé-khuân–ah. Lán tsit-má tsai-iánn kóng i sī siánn-mi̍h–ah. Jî-tshiánn ē tshut-hiān tsiah-nī ū tāi-piáu-sìng ê guā-hîng, ìng-kai sī in-uī lán khuànn i ê kak-tōo tú-tú-á-hó. Tsit-tiunn kho-ha̍k-ka tsuè-kīn tàu–tshut-lâi–ê, leh tiùnn-tuā ê sing-hûn 3D kiat-kòo-tôo, tsi̍t-pōo-hūn sī kun-kù Hubble Thài-khong-bōng-uán-kiànn ê tshing-tshó iánn-siōng lâi–ê. Iánn-siōng kā lán kóng, tsit-ê sing-hûn sī tsi̍t-ê bi̍t-tōo khah kuân, tshiūnn tinn-khoo-pháng ê înn-khoo-á, khì hōo, khì hōo pau tī leh huat-kng ê Bí-kok kha-kiû-hîng ê sing-hûn tiong-ng. Lán tī Tē-kiû sī khuànn tuì tsit-lia̍p kha-kiû ê tn̂g-ti̍k hong-hiòng khì, sóo-í sī bīn-hiòng înn-khoo-á ê hong-hiòng leh khuànn. Sī kóng, tsit-ê lán tsit-má í-king tsai-iánn kóng, tsit-ê kiânn-tshenn-hîng sing-hûn leh huat-kng ê bu̍t-tsit, m̄-sī uì kiânn-tshenn lâi–ê. Tsit-ê khì-thé-khak tian-tò sī uì sí-bông hîng-tshenn ê guā-tsàn khì-thé kiat–tshut-lâi–ê. Tsit-khuán hîng-tshenn í-tsîng sī luī-thài-iông hîng-tshenn, tsit-má piàn-tsò sī sing-hûn tiong-sim bî-bî-á leh huat-kng ê sè-lia̍p kng-tiám. Tiong-sim ko-un hîng-tshenn ê tsí-guā-kng kā khì-thé lāi-té ê guân-tsú lī-tsú huà. Khuân-hîng-sing-hûn ê tuā-sè tsha-put-to ū 1 kng-nî khuah, lī lán ū 2500 kng-nî hn̄g.

[English] M57: The Ring Nebula from Hubble

It was noticed hundreds of years ago by stargazers who could not understand its unusual shape. It looked like a ring on the sky. Except for the rings of Saturn, the Ring Nebula (M57) may be the most famous celestial circle. We now know what it is, and that its iconic shape is due to our lucky perspective. The recent mapping of the expanding nebula’s 3-D structure, based in part on this clear Hubble image,indicates that the nebula is a relatively dense, donut-like ring wrapped around the middle of an (American) football-shaped cloud of glowing gas. Our view from planet Earth looks down the long axis of the football, face-on to the ring. Of course, in this well-studied example of a planetary nebula, the glowing material does not come from planets. Instead, the gaseous shroud represents outer layers expelled from the dying, once sun-like star, now a tiny pinprick of light seen at the nebula’s center. Intense ultraviolet light from the hot central star ionizes atoms in the gas. The Ring Nebula is about one light-year across and 2,500 light-years away.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【M57】M gō͘-cha̍p-chhit/M gōo-tsa̍p-tshit/M57/M57
• 【Hubble 太空望遠鏡】Hubble Thài-khong-bōng-oán-kiàⁿ/Hubble Thài-khong-bōng-uán-kiànn/哈伯太空望遠鏡/Hubble Space Telescope
• 【環形星雲】khoân-hêng-seng-hûn/khuân-hîng-sing-hûn/環狀星雲/Ring Nebula
• 【長軸】tn̂g-te̍k/tn̂g-ti̍k/長軸/long-axis
• 【類太陽恆星】lūi-thài-iông hêng-chheⁿ/luī-thài-iông hîng-tshenn/類太陽恆星/sun-like star
• 【面向】bīn-hiòng/bīn-hiòng/正向/face-on
• 【氣體殼】khì-thé-khak/khì-thé-khak/氣體殼/gaseous shroud
• 【紫外光】chí-gōa-kng/tsí-guā-kng/紫外光/ultraviolet
• 【土星環】Thó͘-chheⁿ-khoân/Thóo-tshenn-khuân/土星環/the rings of Saturn
• 【行星形星雲】kiâⁿ-chheⁿ-hêng seng-hûn/kiânn-tshenn-hîng sing-hûn/行星狀星雲/planetary nebula
• 【觀星者】/kuan-sing-tsiá/觀星者/stargazers
• 【天體環】thian-thé-khoân/thian-thé-khuân/天體環/celestial circle
• 【3D 結構圖】saⁿ D kiat-kò͘-tô͘/sann D kiat-kòo-tôo/3D 結構圖/3-D structure
• 【密度】bi̍t-tō͘/bi̍t-tōo/密度/density