踅佇 Gamma 光暴天體邊仔 ê Gamma 光環

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：X-Ray Rings Around a Gamma Ray Burst
• 影像來源：NASA Swift Obs.; Data: B. Cenko (NASA’s GSFC), A. Beardmore (U. Leicester) et al.; 資料處理：J. Miller (U. Michigan)
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)

[漢羅] 踅佇 Gamma 光暴天體邊仔 ê Gamma 光環

踅佇 gamma 光暴天體邊仔 ê gamma 光環是生做啥款? 這个意外 ê 答案 kah 爆炸有小可仔關係，毋過 kah 光線反射咱 銀河系 ê 塗粉 有關。 GRB 221009A 是一个足強烈 ê 爆炸，伊是足光 ê gamma 光暴天體 (GRB)，伊佇遙遠宇宙發出 ê 輻射線，頂禮拜才拄到 咱 ê 太陽系。 因為 GRB 嘛會當發出大量 ê X-光，所以伊發出 ê 強 ê X-光 爍光，就 kah gamma 光輻射 差不多仝一个時間到。 像這張 相片，X-光嘛 kah 咱 銀河系 較懸 ê 塗粉區作用，產生 無四常 ê 反射。 GRB kah 反射銀河塗粉 ê 角度 若是差愈大，X-光環 ê 半徑就愈大。 而且一般講來，這寡 光線 ê 反射 欲到咱遮，就愛開較濟時間。

[POJ] Se̍h tī Gamma kng-pō thian-thé piⁿ-á ê Gamma kng-khoân

Se̍h tī Gamma kng-pō thian-thé piⁿ-á ê Gamma kng-khoân sī sîⁿ-chò siáⁿ-khoán? Chit-ê ì-gōa ê tap-àn kah po̍k-chà ū sió-khóa-á koan-hē, m̄-koh kah kng-sòaⁿ hoán-siā lán Gîn-hô-hē ê thô͘-hún ū-koan. GRB 221009A sī chi̍t-ê chiok kiông-lia̍t ê po̍k-chà, i sī chiok kng ê Gamma kng-pō thian-thé (GRB), i tú iâu-oán ú-tiu hoat- chhut ê hok-siā-sòaⁿ, téng lé-pài chiah tú kàu lán ê Thài-iông-hē. In-ūi GRB mā ē-tàng hoat-chhut ê X-kng, só͘-í i hoat–chhut ê kiông X-kng sih-kng, tō kah gamma kng hok-siā chha-put-tō kāng chi̍t-ê sî-kan kàu. Chhiūⁿ chit-tiuⁿ siòng-phìⁿ, X-kng mā kah lán Gîn-hô-hē khah koân ê thô͘-hún-khu chok-iōng, sán-seng bô sù-siông ê hoán-siā. GRB kah hoán-siā Gîn-hô thô͘-hún ê kak-tō nā-sī chha lú tōa, X-kng-khoân ê pòaⁿ-kèng tō lú tōa. Jī-chhiaⁿ it-poaⁿ kóng–lâi, chit-kóa kng-sòaⁿ ê hoán-siā beh kàu lán chiah, tō ài khai khah choe.

[KIP] Se̍h tī Gamma kng-pō thian-thé pinn-á ê Gamma kng-khuân

Se̍h tī Gamma kng-pō thian-thé pinn-á ê Gamma kng-khuân sī sînn-tsò siánn-khuán? Tsit-ê ì-guā ê tap-àn kah po̍k-tsà ū sió-khuá-á kuan-hē, m̄-koh kah kng-suànn huán-siā lán Gîn-hô-hē ê thôo-hún ū-kuan. GRB 221009A sī tsi̍t-ê tsiok kiông-lia̍t ê po̍k-tsà, i sī tsiok kng ê Gamma kng-pō thian-thé (GRB), i tú iâu-uán ú-tiu huat- tshut ê hok-siā-suànn, tíng lé-pài tsiah tú kàu lán ê Thài-iông-hē. In-uī GRB mā ē-tàng huat-tshut ê X-kng, sóo-í i huat–tshut ê kiông X-kng sih-kng, tō kah gamma kng hok-siā tsha-put-tō kāng tsi̍t-ê sî-kan kàu. Tshiūnn tsit-tiunn siòng-phìnn, X-kng mā kah lán Gîn-hô-hē khah kuân ê thôo-hún-khu tsok-iōng, sán-sing bô sù-siông ê huán-siā. GRB kah huán-siā Gîn-hô thôo-hún ê kak-tō nā-sī tsha lú tuā, X-kng-khuân ê puànn-kìng tō lú tuā. Jī-tshiann it-puann kóng–lâi, tsit-kuá kng-suànn ê huán-siā beh kàu lán tsiah, tō ài khai khah tsue.

[English] X-Ray Rings Around a Gamma Ray Burst

Why would x-ray rings appear around a gamma-ray burst? The surprising answer has little to do with the explosion itself but rather with light reflected off areas of dust-laden gas in our own Milky Way Galaxy. GRB 221009A was a tremendous explosion – a very bright gamma-ray burst (GRB) that occurred far across the universe with radiation just arriving in our Solar System last week. Since GRBs can also emit copious amounts of x-rays, a bright flash of x-rays arrived nearly simultaneously with the gamma-radiation. In this case, the X-rays also bounced off regions high in dust right here in our Milky Way Galaxy, creating the unusual reflections. The greater the angle between reflecting Milky Way dust and the GRB, the greater the radius of the X-ray rings, and, typically, the longer it takes for these light-echoes to arrive.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【Gamma-光暴天體】Gamma-kng-pō thian-thé/Gamma-kng-pō thian-thé/伽瑪射線暴/Gamma-ray burst (GRB)
• 【GRB 221009A】GRB jī-jī-it-khòng-khòng-kiú A/RB jī-jī-it-khòng-khòng-kiú A/GRB 221009A/GRB 221009A
• 【輻射線】hok-siā-suànn/hok-siā-suànn/輻射線/radiation