天欲光彼陣 ê Tycho 隕石坑 kah Clavius 隕石坑

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：Tycho and Clavius at Dawn
• 影像來源 kah 版權：Eduardo Schaberger Poupeau
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)

[漢羅] 天欲光彼陣 ê Tycho 隕石坑 kah Clavius 隕石坑

這張望遠鏡景色 ê 頂懸是南方，有翕著 月娘晨昏線 kah 月球南方坎坎坷坷 ê 高地。 這張月景是 7 月 7 號翕 ê，拄仔好拄著 頂半月 ê 月相。 太陽光 ùi 正爿較低角度 ê 方向照過來。 Tī 這區 較少年 ê Tycho 隕石坑 kah 較老 ê Clavius 隕石坑 ê 天色嘛欲光矣。 Tī 中央倚倒爿下跤，有較懸 坑仔墘–ê，是較少年 ê Tycho 隕石坑。 伊差不多才 1 億歲爾爾，直徑有 85 公里闊。 中央 ê 山尖有 2 公里懸，這个隕石坑 ê 坑仔墘，反射較光 ê 太陽光。 另外較暗 ê 烏影區，是較平 ê 地表。 這个 ùi 隕石挵著產生 ê Tycho 隕石坑 噴出來 ê 石屑仔，會 tī 月圓前後，變做一个 足出眾 ê 隕石坑。 In tī 月球倚地球這面，產生足清楚 ê 放射形光巡。 這个光巡系統差不多有規爿月娘遐爾大。 實際上，阿波羅 17 號 ê 登陸地點，離 Tycho 隕石坑 差不多才 2000 公里遠。 Tī 遮有揣著一寡物質，可能是 ùi Tycho 隕石坑噴出來 ê 物件。 Tī 月球倚地球這爿，有一个上老上大 ê 隕石坑，叫做 Clavius 隕石坑。 伊 ê 直徑有 225 公里闊，就 tī Tycho 隕石坑 ê 南方（這張相片 ê 頂懸）。 Clavius 隕石坑 上早以前去予隕石挵出來 ê 放射形系統，嘛 tī 足久以前就 ui–去矣。 較老隕石坑 ê 坑仔墘較無完整，本底較平 ê 地表，tī Clavius 隕石坑形成了後，嘛因為有新 ê 隕石落落來，這馬已經去予較新較細 ê 隕石坑疊 tī 頂懸矣。 這个 tī 烏影區 較老 ê Clavius 隕石坑內底，較少年隕石坑 ê 坑仔墘，反射月球面頂透早 ê 貓霧光，產生幾若條狹狹 ê 光弧。

[POJ] Thiⁿ beh kng hit-chūn ê Tycho ún-se̍k-kheⁿ kah Clavius ún-se̍k-kheⁿ

Chit tiuⁿ bōng-oán-kiàⁿ kéng-sek ê téng-koân sī lâm-hong, ū hip-tio̍h goe̍h-niû sîn-hun-sòaⁿ kah Goe̍h-kiû lâm-hong kham-kham-khia̍t-khia̍t ê ko-tē. Chit tiuⁿ goe̍h-kéng sī 7 goe̍h 7 hō hip ê, tú-á-hó tú-tio̍h téng-pòaⁿ-goe̍h ê goe̍h-siòng. Thài-iông-kng ùi chiàⁿ-pêng khah kē kak-tō͘ ê hong-hiòng chiò–kòe-lâi. Tī chit khu khah siàu-liân ê Tycho ún-se̍k-kheⁿ kah khah lāu ê Clavius ún-se̍k-kheⁿ ê thiⁿ-sek mā beh kng ah. Tī tiong-ng óa tò-pêng ē-kha, ū khah koân kheⁿ-á-kîⁿ–ê, sī khah siàu-liân ê Tycho ún-se̍k-kheⁿ. I chha-put-to chiah 1 ek hòe niā-niā, ti̍t-kèng ū 85 kong-lí khoah. Tiong-ng ê soaⁿ-chiam ū 2 kong-lí koân, chit-ê ún-se̍k-kheⁿ ê kheⁿ-á-kîⁿ, hoán-siā khah kng ê thài-iông-kng. Lēng-gōa khah àm ê o͘-iáⁿ-khu, sī khah pêⁿ ê tē-piáu. Chit ê ùi ún-se̍k-kheⁿ lòng–tio̍h sán-seng ê Tycho ún-se̍k-kheⁿ phùn–chhut-lâi ê chio̍h-sap-á, ē tī goe̍h-îⁿ chêng-āu, piàn-chò chi̍t ê chiok chhut-chiòng ê ún-se̍k-kheⁿ. In tī Goe̍h-kiû óa Tē-kiû chit bīn, sán-seng chiok chheng-chhó͘ ê hong-siâ kng-sûn. Chit ê hòng-siā kng-sûn hē-thóng chha-put-to ū kui-pêng goe̍h-niû hiah-nī tōa. Si̍t-chè-siōng, A-pho-lô 17 hō ê teng-lio̍k tē-tiám, lī Tycho ún-se̍k-kheⁿ chha-put-to chiah 2000 kong-lí hn̄g. Tī chiah ū chhōe-tio̍h chi̍t-kóa bu̍t-chit, khó-lêng sī ùi Tycho ún-se̍k-kheⁿ phùn–chhut-lâi ê mi̍h-kiāⁿ. Tī Goe̍h-kiû óa Tē-kiû chit pêng, ū chi̍t-ê siōng lāu siōng tōa ê ún-se̍k-kheⁿ, kiò-chò Clavius ún-se̍k-kheⁿ. I ê ti̍t-kèng ū 225 kong-lí khoah, to̍h tī Tycho ún-se̍k-kheⁿ ê lâm-hong (chit tiuⁿ siòng-phìⁿ ê téng-koân). Clavius ún-se̍k-kheⁿ siōng chá í-chêng khì hō͘ ún-se̍k lòng–chhut-lâi ê hòng-siā-hêng hē-thóng, mā tī chiok kú í-chêng to̍h ui–khì ah. Khah lāu ún-se̍k-kheⁿ ê kheⁿ-á-kîⁿ khah bô oân-chéng, pún-tē khah pêⁿ ê tē-piáu, tī Clavius ún-se̍k-kheⁿ hêng-sêng liáu-āu, mā in-ūi ū sin ê ún-se̍k lak-lo̍h-lâi, chit-má í-keng khì hō͘ khah sin khah sè ê ún-se̍k-kheⁿ tha̍h tī téng-koân ah. Chit ê tī o͘-iáⁿ-khu khah lāu ê Clavius ún-se̍k-kheⁿ lāi-té, khah siàu-liân ê ún-se̍k-kheⁿ ê kheⁿ-á-kîⁿ, hoán-siā Goe̍h-kiû bīn-téng thàu-chá ê bâ-bū-kng, sán-seng kúi-ā tiâu e̍h-e̍h ê kng-hô͘.

[KIP] Thinn beh kng hit-tsūn ê Tycho ún-si̍k-khenn kah Clavius ún-si̍k-khenn

Tsit tiunn bōng-uán-kiànn kíng-sik ê tíng-kuân sī lâm-hong, ū hip-tio̍h gue̍h-niû sîn-hun-suànn kah Gue̍h-kiû lâm-hong kham-kham-khia̍t-khia̍t ê ko-tē. Tsit tiunn gue̍h-kíng sī 7 gue̍h 7 hō hip ê, tú-á-hó tú-tio̍h tíng-puànn-gue̍h ê gue̍h-siòng. Thài-iông-kng uì tsiànn-pîng khah kē kak-tōo ê hong-hiòng tsiò–kuè-lâi. Tī tsit khu khah siàu-liân ê Tycho ún-si̍k-khenn kah khah lāu ê Clavius ún-si̍k-khenn ê thinn-sik mā beh kng ah. Tī tiong-ng uá tò-pîng ē-kha, ū khah kuân khenn-á-kînn–ê, sī khah siàu-liân ê Tycho ún-si̍k-khenn. I tsha-put-to tsiah 1 ik huè niā-niā, ti̍t-kìng ū 85 kong-lí khuah. Tiong-ng ê suann-tsiam ū 2 kong-lí kuân, tsit-ê ún-si̍k-khenn ê khenn-á-kînn, huán-siā khah kng ê thài-iông-kng. Līng-guā khah àm ê oo-iánn-khu, sī khah pênn ê tē-piáu. Tsit ê uì ún-si̍k-khenn lòng–tio̍h sán-sing ê Tycho ún-si̍k-khenn phùn–tshut-lâi ê tsio̍h-sap-á, ē tī gue̍h-înn tsîng-āu, piàn-tsò tsi̍t ê tsiok tshut-tsiòng ê ún-si̍k-khenn. In tī Gue̍h-kiû uá Tē-kiû tsit bīn, sán-sing tsiok tshing-tshóo ê hong-siâ kng-sûn. Tsit ê hòng-siā kng-sûn hē-thóng tsha-put-to ū kui-pîng gue̍h-niû hiah-nī tuā. Si̍t-tsè-siōng, A-pho-lô 17 hō ê ting-lio̍k tē-tiám, lī Tycho ún-si̍k-khenn tsha-put-to tsiah 2000 kong-lí hn̄g. Tī tsiah ū tshuē-tio̍h tsi̍t-kuá bu̍t-tsit, khó-lîng sī uì Tycho ún-si̍k-khenn phùn–tshut-lâi ê mi̍h-kiānn. Tī Gue̍h-kiû uá Tē-kiû tsit pîng, ū tsi̍t-ê siōng lāu siōng tuā ê ún-si̍k-khenn, kiò-tsò Clavius ún-si̍k-khenn. I ê ti̍t-kìng ū 225 kong-lí khuah, to̍h tī Tycho ún-si̍k-khenn ê lâm-hong (tsit tiunn siòng-phìnn ê tíng-kuân). Clavius ún-si̍k-khenn siōng tsá í-tsîng khì hōo ún-si̍k lòng–tshut-lâi ê hòng-siā-hîng hē-thóng, mā tī tsiok kú í-tsîng to̍h ui–khì ah. Khah lāu ún-si̍k-khenn ê khenn-á-kînn khah bô uân-tsíng, pún-tē khah pênn ê tē-piáu, tī Clavius ún-si̍k-khenn hîng-sîng liáu-āu, mā in-uī ū sin ê ún-si̍k lak-lo̍h-lâi, tsit-má í-king khì hōo khah sin khah sè ê ún-si̍k-khenn tha̍h tī tíng-kuân ah. Tsit ê tī oo-iánn-khu khah lāu ê Clavius ún-si̍k-khenn lāi-té, khah siàu-liân ê ún-si̍k-khenn ê khenn-á-kînn, huán-siā Gue̍h-kiû bīn-tíng thàu-tsá ê bâ-bū-kng, sán-sing kuí-ā tiâu e̍h-e̍h ê kng-hôo.

[English] Tycho and Clavius at Dawn

South is up in this dramatic telescopic view of the lunar terminator and the Moon’s rugged southern highlands. The lunar landscape was captured on July 7 with the moon at its first quarter phase. The Sun shines at a low angle from the right as dawn comes to the region’s young and old craters Tycho and Clavius. About 100 million years young, Tycho is the sharp-walled 85 kilometer diameter crater below and left of center. Its 2 kilometer tall central peak and far crater wall reflect bright sunlight, Its smooth floor lies in dark shadow. Debris ejected during the impact that created Tycho make it the stand out lunar crater when the Moon is near full though. They produce a highly visible radiating system of light streaks or rays that extend across much of the lunar near side. In fact, some of the material collected at the Apollo 17 landing site, about 2,000 kilometers away, likely originated from the Tycho impact. One of the oldest and largest craters on the Moon’s near side, 225 kilometer diameter Clavius is due south (above) of Tycho. Clavius crater’s own ray system resulting from its original impact event would have faded long ago. The old crater’s worn walls and smooth floor are now overlayed by newer smaller craters from impacts that occurred after Clavius was formed. Reaching above the older crater, tops of the newer crater walls reflect this dawn’s early light to create narrow shining arcs within a shadowed Clavius.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【晨昏線】sîn-hun-sòaⁿ/sîn-hun-suànn/晨昏線/terminator
• 【頂半月】téng-pòaⁿ-goe̍h/tíng-puànn-gue̍h/頂半月/first quarter moon
• 【月相】goe̍h-siòng/gue̍h-siòng/月相/lunar phase
• 【阿波羅 17 號】A-pho-lô cha̍p-chhit hō/A-pho-lô tsa̍p-tshit hō/阿波羅 17 號/Apollo 17
• 【Tycho 隕石坑】Tycho ún-se̍k-kheⁿ/Tycho ún-si̍k-khenn/第谷隕石坑/Tycho crater
• 【Clavius 隕石坑】Clavius ún-se̍k-kheⁿ/Clavius ún-si̍k-khenn/克拉維斯隕石坑/Clavius crater