Sahara 沙漠天頂 ê 仙女座星系

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：Andromeda over the Sahara Desert
• 影像來源 kah 版權：Jordi Coy
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)

[漢羅] Sahara 沙漠天頂 ê 仙女座星系

你會當看著上老 ê 物件是啥物？ 這个答案 tùi 直接用 目睭 看 ê 人來講，是 250 萬 光年 遠 ê 仙女座星系。 250 萬光年遠 ê 意思是講，伊 ê 光子行到地球 ê 時陣，已經 250 萬歲矣。 大部份蹛 tiàm 天頂 ê 居民，親像是 恆星、星團、kah 星雲，in ê 光 是 ùi 幾若百年 抑是 幾若千年前發出--ê。 這是因為 in 大部份攏蹛 tiàm 咱 銀河系 內底。 照距離來看，仙女座星系 ê 光，嘛是你會當看著 ê 天體內底，上遠 ê 一个。 這張相片是頂個月 tiàm 摩洛哥 ê Sahara 沙漠 翕--ê。 這幅 放大圖 中央 ê 主角，就是仙女座星系，嘛叫做 M31。 這張相片是 kā 3 張背景 kah 1 張前景鬥做伙 ê 合成相片。 是用仝一台 kha-mé-lah，tiàm 仝一位，tī 仝一暝翕--ê。 毋閣前景是 tī 仝一暝 ê 藍色時間 翕--ê。 仙女座星系 ê 衛星星系 M110，伊就 tiàm M31 星系核 ê 倒爿頂懸遐。 咱會當直接用目睭看著咱銀河 ê 厝邊星系，實在是 足 siak-phāⁿ ê 一件代誌。 若是閣用 kha-mé-lah tùi 伊 長時間感光，就會當 kā 足濟較暗 毋閣 媠甲予人袂喘氣 ê 細節，攏翕--出來。 最近 ê 觀測資料表示講，咱銀河系 會 tī 紲落來幾若十億年 ê 時間，kah 這个大細差不多 ê 仙女座星系 相挵了後合併。

[POJ] Sahara soa-bo̍k thiⁿ-téng ê Sian-lú-chō seng-hē

Lí ē-tàng khòaⁿ-tio̍h siōng lāu ê mi̍h-kiāⁿ sī siáⁿ-mih? Chit-ê tap-àn tùi ti̍t-chiap iōng ba̍k-chiu khòaⁿ ê lâng lâi-kóng, sī 250 bān kng-nî hn̄g ê Sian-lú-chō seng-hē. 250 bān kng-nî hn̄g ê ì-sù sī kóng, i ê kng-chú kiâⁿ kàu Tē-kiû ê sî-chūn, í-keng 250 bān hòe ah. Tōa-pō͘-hūn tòa tiàm thiⁿ-téng ê ku-bîn, chhiⁿ-chhiūⁿ sī hêng-chhiⁿ, seng-thoân, kah seng-hûn, in ê kng sī ùi kúi-ā pah nî iah-sī kúi-ā chheng nî-chêng hoat-chhut--ê. Che sī in-ūi in tōa-pō͘-hūn lóng tòa tiàm Gîn-hô-hē lāi-té. Chiàu kū-lî lâi khòaⁿ, Sian-lú-chō seng-hē ê kng, mā-sī lí ē-tàng khòaⁿ--tio̍h ê thian-thé lāi-té, siōng hn̄g ê chi̍t-ê. Chit tiuⁿ siòng-phìⁿ sī téng-kò-goe̍h tiàm Mô͘-lo̍k-ko ê Sahara soa-bo̍k hip--ê. Chit pak hòng-tōa-tô͘ tiong-ng ê chú-kak, to̍h sī Sian-lú-chō seng-hē, mā kiò-chò M31. Chit tiuⁿ siòng-phìⁿ sī kā 3 tiuⁿ pōe-kéng kah 1 tiuⁿ chiân-kéng tàu chòe-hé ê ha̍p-sêng siòng-phìⁿ. Sī iōng kâng chi̍t tâi kha-mé-lah, tiàm kâng chi̍t ūi, tī kâng chi̍t mê hip--ê. M̄-koh chiân-kéng sī tī kâng chi̍t mê ê nâ-sek sî-kan hip--ê. Sian-lú-chō seng-hē ê ūi-chhiⁿ seng-hē M110, i to̍h tiàm M31 seng-hē-he̍k ê tò-pêng téng-koân hiah. Lán ē-tàng ti̍t-chiap iōng ba̍k-chiu khòaⁿ-tio̍h Gîn-hô ê chhù-piⁿ seng-hē, si̍t-chāi sī chiok siak-phāⁿ ê chi̍t-kiāⁿ tāi-chì. Nā-sī koh iōng kha-mé-lah tùi i tn̂g-sî-kan kám-kng, to̍h ē-tàng kā chiok-chōe khah àm m̄-koh súi kah hō͘ lâng bōe chhoán-khùi ê sè-chiat hip--chhut-lâi. Chòe-kīn ê koan-chhek chu-liāu piáu-sī kóng, lán Gîn-hô-hē ē tī sòa-lo̍h-lâi kúi-ā cha̍p-ek nî ê sî-kan, kah chit-ê tōa-sè chha-put-to ê Sian-lú-chō seng-hē sio-lòng liáu-āu ha̍p-pèng.

[KIP] Sahara sua-bo̍k thinn-tíng ê Sian-lú-tsō sing-hē

Lí ē-tàng khuànn-tio̍h siōng lāu ê mi̍h-kiānn sī siánn-mih? Tsit-ê tap-àn tuì ti̍t-tsiap iōng ba̍k-tsiu khuànn ê lâng lâi-kóng, sī 250 bān kng-nî hn̄g ê Sian-lú-tsō sing-hē. 250 bān kng-nî hn̄g ê ì-sù sī kóng, i ê kng-tsú kiânn kàu Tē-kiû ê sî-tsūn, í-king 250 bān huè ah. Tuā-pōo-hūn tuà tiàm thinn-tíng ê ku-bîn, tshinn-tshiūnn sī hîng-tshinn, sing-thuân, kah sing-hûn, in ê kng sī uì kuí-ā pah nî iah-sī kuí-ā tshing nî-tsîng huat-tshut--ê. Tse sī in-uī in tuā-pōo-hūn lóng tuà tiàm Gîn-hô-hē lāi-té. Tsiàu kū-lî lâi khuànn, Sian-lú-tsō sing-hē ê kng, mā-sī lí ē-tàng khuànn--tio̍h ê thian-thé lāi-té, siōng hn̄g ê tsi̍t-ê. Tsit tiunn siòng-phìnn sī tíng-kò-gue̍h tiàm Môo-lo̍k-ko ê Sahara sua-bo̍k hip--ê. Tsit pak hòng-tuā-tôo tiong-ng ê tsú-kak, to̍h sī Sian-lú-tsō sing-hē, mā kiò-tsò M̀1. Tsit tiunn siòng-phìnn sī kā 3 tiunn puē-kíng kah 1 tiunn tsiân-kíng tàu tsuè-hé ê ha̍p-sîng siòng-phìnn. Sī iōng kâng tsi̍t tâi kha-mé-lah, tiàm kâng tsi̍t uī, tī kâng tsi̍t mê hip--ê. M̄-koh tsiân-kíng sī tī kâng tsi̍t mê ê nâ-sik sî-kan hip--ê. Sian-lú-tsō sing-hē ê uī-tshinn sing-hē M10, i to̍h tiàm M̀1 sing-hē-hi̍k ê tò-pîng tíng-kuân hiah. Lán ē-tàng ti̍t-tsiap iōng ba̍k-tsiu khuànn-tio̍h Gîn-hô ê tshù-pinn sing-hē, si̍t-tsāi sī tsiok siak-phānn ê tsi̍t-kiānn tāi-tsì. Nā-sī koh iōng kha-mé-lah tuì i tn̂g-sî-kan kám-kng, to̍h ē-tàng kā tsiok-tsuē khah àm m̄-koh suí kah hōo lâng buē tshuán-khuì ê sè-tsiat hip--tshut-lâi. Tsuè-kīn ê kuan-tshik tsu-liāu piáu-sī kóng, lán Gîn-hô-hē ē tī suà-lo̍h-lâi kuí-ā tsa̍p-ik nî ê sî-kan, kah tsit-ê tuā-sè tsha-put-to ê Sian-lú-tsō sing-hē sio-lòng liáu-āu ha̍p-pìng.

[English] Andromeda over the Sahara Desert

What is the oldest thing you can see? At 2.5 million light years distant, the answer for the unaided eye is the Andromeda galaxy, because its photons are 2.5 million years old when they reach you. Most other apparent denizens of the night sky -- stars, clusters, and nebulae -- appear as they were only a few hundred to a few thousand years ago, as they lie well within our own Milky Way Galaxy. Given its distance, light from Andromeda is likely also the farthest object that you can see. Also known as M31, the Andromeda Galaxy dominates the center of the featured zoomed image, taken from the Sahara Desert in Morocco last month. The featured image is a combination of three background and one foreground exposure -- all taken with the same camera and from the same location and on the same night -- with the foreground image taken during the blue hour. M110, a satellite galaxy of Andromenda is visible just above and to the left of M31's core. As cool as it may be to see this neighboring galaxy to our Milky Way with your own eyes, long duration camera exposures can pick up many faint and breathtaking details. Recent data indicates that our Milky Way Galaxy will collide and combine with the similarly-sized Andromeda galaxy in a few billion years.

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