雪山天頂 ê Gum 星雲

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：The Gum Nebula over Snowy Mountains
• 影像來源 kah 版權：Wang Jin
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)

[漢羅] 雪山天頂 ê Gum 星雲

Gum 星雲 真歹看著，這是因為伊足大–ê，閣離咱傷倚矣。 這个 ùi 發光 水素 氣體組成 ê 星際雲氣，定定會去予落勾去。 因為伊踮天頂有 35 度闊，比 70 粒月娘閣較大，毋閣大部份攏較暗。 這張壯觀 ê 相片是 90 度闊 ê 拼鬥影像，是特別設計欲予咱會當看著正爿彼个較闊較暗 ê Gum 星雲。 這張相片是舊年尾翕–ê。 前景是 Haba 雪山，背景是 銀河 ê 中央帶，是用仝一台 kha-mé-lah 踮仝一个地點，中國 雲南省 ê 香格里拉縣，翕–ê。 Gum 星雲離咱足近–ê，伊上頭前 ê 部份，離咱干焦 450 光年 遠爾爾。 毋閣伊上後壁 ê 部份，離咱就有 1500 光年矣。 伊 ê 名是 ùi 一个專門研究宇宙雲 ê 澳洲天文學家 Colin Stanley Gum (1924 年 - 1960 年) 來–ê。 這个 複雜 星雲 ê 起源，到今猶無一个定論。 Gum 星雲 ê 起源，目前有一个主流理論是講，伊是百萬年前 ê 超新星爆炸 了後 ê 殘骸。 毋閣另外一个嘛真衝 ê 理論是講，Gum 星雲 是一个 分子雲，是足久以前去予幾若粒超新星 kah 幾若粒大質量恆星噴出來 ê 恆星風 kā 雕做這形–ê。

[POJ] Soat-soaⁿ thiⁿ-téng ê Gum seng-hûn

Gum seng-hûn chin phái khòaⁿ-tio̍h, che sī in-ūi i chiok tōa–ê, koh lî lán siuⁿ óa ah. Chit-ê ùi hoat-kng chúi-sò͘ khì-thé cho͘-sêng ê seng-chè hûn-khì, tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ ē khì hō͘ làu-kau khì. In-ūi i tiàm thiⁿ-téng ū 35 tō͘ khoah, pí 70 lia̍p goe̍h-niû koh-khah tōa, m̄-koh tōa-pō͘-hūn lóng khah àm. Chit-tiuⁿ chòng-koan ê siòng-phìⁿ sī 90 tō͘ khoah ê pheng-tàu iáⁿ-siōng, sī te̍k-pia̍t siat-kè beh hō͘ lán ē-tàng khòaⁿ-tio̍h chiàⁿ-pêng hit-ê khah khoah khah àm ê Gum seng-hûn. Chit-tiuⁿ siòng-phìⁿ sī kū-nî hip–ê. Chiân-kéng sī Haba soat-soaⁿ, pōe-kéng sī Gîn-hô ê tiong-ng-tòa, sī iōng kâng chi̍t-tâi kha-mé-lah tiàm kâng chi̍t-ê tē-tiám, Tiong-kok hûn-lâm séng ê Hiang-keh-lí-la koān, hip–ê. Gum seng-hûn lī lán chiok kīn–ê, i siōng thàu-chá ê pō͘-hūn, lī lán kan-na 450 kng-nî hn̄g niā-niā. M̄-koh i siōng āu-piah ê pō͘-hūn, lī lán to̍h ū 1500 kng-nî ah. I ê miâ sī ùi chi̍t-ê choan-mn̂g gián-kiù ú-tiū-hûn ê Ò-chiu thian-bûn ha̍k-ka Colin Stanley Gum (1924 nî - 1960 nî) lâi–ê. Chit-ê ho̍k-cha̍p seng-hûn ê khí-goân, kàu-taⁿ iáu bô chi̍t-ê tēng-lūn. Gum seng-hûn ê khí-goân, 木星 ū chi̍t-ê chú-liû lí-lūn sī kóng, i sī pah-bān nî-chêng ê chhiau-sin-seng po̍k-chà liáu-āu ê chân-hâi. M̄-koh lēng-gōa chi̍t-ê mā chin chhèng ê lí-lūn sī kóng, Gum seng-hûn sī chi̍t-ê hūn-chú-hûn, sī chiok kú í-chêng khì hō͘ kúi-ā-lia̍p chhiau-sin-seng kah kúi-ā-lia̍p tōa-chit-liōng hêng-chhiⁿ phùn–chhut-lâi ê hêng-chhiⁿ-hong kā tiau chò chit-hêng–ê.

[KIP] Suat-suann thinn-tíng ê Gum sing-hûn

Gum sing-hûn tsin phái khuànn-tio̍h, tse sī in-uī i tsiok tuā–ê, koh lî lán siunn uá ah. Tsit-ê uì huat-kng tsuí-sòo khì-thé tsoo-sîng ê sing-tsè hûn-khì, tiānn-tiānn ē khì hōo làu-kau khì. In-uī i tiàm thinn-tíng ū 35 tōo khuah, pí 70 lia̍p gue̍h-niû koh-khah tuā, m̄-koh tuā-pōo-hūn lóng khah àm. Tsit-tiunn tsòng-kuan ê siòng-phìnn sī 90 tōo khuah ê phing-tàu iánn-siōng, sī ti̍k-pia̍t siat-kè beh hōo lán ē-tàng khuànn-tio̍h tsiànn-pîng hit-ê khah khuah khah àm ê Gum sing-hûn. Tsit-tiunn siòng-phìnn sī kū-nî hip–ê. Tsiân-kíng sī Haba suat-suann, puē-kíng sī Gîn-hô ê tiong-ng-tuà, sī iōng kâng tsi̍t-tâi kha-mé-lah tiàm kâng tsi̍t-ê tē-tiám, Tiong-kok hûn-lâm síng ê Hiang-keh-lí-la kuān, hip–ê. Gum sing-hûn lī lán tsiok kīn–ê, i siōng thàu-tsá ê pōo-hūn, lī lán kan-na 450 kng-nî hn̄g niā-niā. M̄-koh i siōng āu-piah ê pōo-hūn, lī lán to̍h ū 1500 kng-nî ah. I ê miâ sī uì tsi̍t-ê tsuan-mn̂g gián-kiù ú-tiū-hûn ê Ò-tsiu thian-bûn ha̍k-ka Colin Stanley Gum (1924 nî - 1960 nî) lâi–ê. Tsit-ê ho̍k-tsa̍p sing-hûn ê khí-guân, kàu-tann iáu bô tsi̍t-ê tīng-lūn. Gum sing-hûn ê khí-guân, 木星 ū tsi̍t-ê tsú-liû lí-lūn sī kóng, i sī pah-bān nî-tsîng ê tshiau-sin-sing po̍k-tsà liáu-āu ê tsân-hâi. M̄-koh līng-guā tsi̍t-ê mā tsin tshìng ê lí-lūn sī kóng, Gum sing-hûn sī tsi̍t-ê hūn-tsú-hûn, sī tsiok kú í-tsîng khì hōo kuí-ā-lia̍p tshiau-sin-sing kah kuí-ā-lia̍p tuā-tsit-liōng hîng-tshinn phùn–tshut-lâi ê hîng-tshinn-hong kā tiau tsò tsit-hîng–ê.

[English] The Gum Nebula over Snowy Mountains

The Gum Nebula is so large and close it is actually hard to see. This interstellar expanse of glowing hydrogen gas frequently evades notice because it spans 35 degrees – over 70 full Moons – while much of it is quite dim. This featured spectacular 90-degree wide mosaic, however, was designed to be both wide and deep enough to bring up the Gum – visible in red on the right. The image was acquired late last year with both the foreground – including Haba Snow Mountain – and the background – including the Milky Way’s central band – captured by the same camera and from the same location in Shangri-La, Yunnan, China. The Gum Nebula is so close that we are only about 450 light-years from the front edge, while about 1,500 light-years from the back edge. Named for a cosmic cloud hunter, Australian astronomer Colin Stanley Gum (1924-1960), the origin of this complex nebula is still being debated. A leading theory for the origin of the Gum Nebula is that it is the remnant of a million year-old supernova explosion, while a competing theory holds that the Gum is a molecular cloud shaped over eons by multiple supernovas and the outflowing winds of several massive stars.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【Gum 星雲】Gum seng-hûn/Gum sing-hûn/古姆星雲/the Gum Nebula
• 【水素】chúi-sò͘/tsuí-sòo/氫/hydrogen
• 【分子雲】hūn-chú-hûn/hūn-tsú-hûn/分子雲/molecular cloud
• 【大質量恆星】tōa-chit-liōng hêng-chhiⁿ/tuā-tsit-liōng hîng-tshinn/大質量恆星/massive star
• 【恆星風】hêng-chhiⁿ-hong/hîng-tshinn-hong/恆星風/stellar wind
• 【超新星爆炸】chhiau-sin-seng po̍k-chà/tshiau-sin-sing po̍k-tsà/超新星爆炸/supernova explosion
• 【銀河】Gîn-hô/Gîn-hô/銀河/the Milky Way
• 【中央帶】tiong-ng-tòa/tiong-ng-tuà/中央帶/central band
• 【香格里拉】Hiang-keh-lí-la/Hiang-keh-lí-la/香格里拉/Shangri-La
• 【1924 年】i̍t-kiú-jī-sù nî/i̍t-kiú-jī-sù nî/in 1924/in 1924
• 【1960 年】i̍t-kiú-lio̍k-khòng nî/i̍t-kiú-lio̍k-khòng nî/in 1960/in 1960