火箭 ùi 有波紋 ê 太陽面頭前飛過

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：Rocket Transits Rippling Sun
• 影像來源 kah 版權：Michael Cain
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)

[漢羅] 火箭 ùi 有波紋 ê 太陽面頭前飛過

日出彼陣發射 ê 火箭會產生一个無四常 ê 趣味景色，予咱同齊看著火箭 kah 日頭。 這張相片就是其中一張。 頂個月 SpaceX 獵鷹 9 號 火箭 ùi NASA Kennedy 太空中心 發射。 伊 閣載 53 粒 星鏈衛星 到 踅地低軌道 去。 這張發射相片，是火箭 噴出 ê 煙流 咧發光，投影 tī 遙遠 ê 太陽。 火箭看起來 彎彎有小可仔奇怪，太陽倚下底彼爿邊界，嘛有 敢若水滴 ê 特殊波紋。 造成這个效應 ê 物理原因，是 屈折： 就是較高溫抑是較薄 ê 空氣包 kā 日光拗彎 ê 程度，比 較低溫抑是較實密 ê 空氣包較少。 是講，倒爿頂懸 ê 太陽烏子活跳區 3014，才無咧插這个 tī 地球 ê 表演，伊就沓沓仔 ùi 太陽表面行過。

[POJ] Hóe-chìⁿ ùi ū pho-bûn ê Thài-iông bīn-thâu-chêng poe kòe

Ji̍t-chhut hit-chūn hoat-siā ê hóe-chìⁿ ē sán-seng chi̍t ê bô sù-siông ê chhù-bī kéng-sek, hō͘ lán tâng-chê khòaⁿ-tio̍h hóe-chìⁿ kah ji̍t-thâu. Chit tiuⁿ siòng-phìⁿ to̍h sī kî-tiong chi̍t tiuⁿ. Téng kò goe̍h SpaceX La̍h-eng 9 hō hóe-chìⁿ ùi NASA Kennedy thài-khong tiong-sim hoat-siā. I koh chài 53 lia̍p Seng-liān-ūi-chhiⁿ kàu se̍h-tē kē kúi-tō khì. Chit tiuⁿ hoat-siā siòng-phìⁿ, sī hóe-chìⁿ phùn-chhut ê ian-liû leh hoat-kng, tâu-iáⁿ tī iâu-oán ê Thài-iông. Hóe-chìⁿ khòaⁿ–khí-lâi oan-oan ū sió-khóa-á kî-koài, Thài-iông óa ē-té hit-pêng pian-kài, mā ū ká-ná chúi-tih ê te̍k-sû pho-bûn. Chō-sêng chit ê hāu-èng ê bu̍t-lí goân-in, sī khut-chiat: To̍h sī khah ko-un iah-sī khah po̍h ê khong-khì-pau kā ji̍t-kng āu-oan ê thêng-tō͘, pí khah kē-un iah-sī khah cha̍t-ba̍t ê khong-khì-pau khah chió. Sī kóng, tò-pêng téng-koân ê Thài-iông o͘-chú oa̍h-thiàu-khu 3014, chiah bô leh chhap chit ê tī Tē-kiû ê piáu-ián, i to̍h tau̍h-tau̍h-á ùi Thài-iông piáu-bīn kiâⁿ kòe.

[KIP] Hué-tsìnn uì ū pho-bûn ê Thài-iông bīn-thâu-tsîng pue kuè

Ji̍t-tshut hit-tsūn huat-siā ê hué-tsìnn ē sán-sing tsi̍t ê bô sù-siông ê tshù-bī kíng-sik, hōo lán tâng-tsê khuànn-tio̍h hué-tsìnn kah ji̍t-thâu. Tsit tiunn siòng-phìnn to̍h sī kî-tiong tsi̍t tiunn. Tíng kò gue̍h SpaceX La̍h-ing 9 hō hué-tsìnn uì NASA Kennedy thài-khong tiong-sim huat-siā. I koh tsài 53 lia̍p Sing-liān-uī-tshinn kàu se̍h-tē kē kuí-tō khì. Tsit tiunn huat-siā siòng-phìnn, sī hué-tsìnn phùn-tshut ê ian-liû leh huat-kng, tâu-iánn tī iâu-uán ê Thài-iông. Hué-tsìnn khuànn–khí-lâi uan-uan ū sió-khuá-á kî-kuài, Thài-iông uá ē-té hit-pîng pian-kài, mā ū ká-ná tsuí-tih ê ti̍k-sû pho-bûn. Tsō-sîng tsit ê hāu-ìng ê bu̍t-lí guân-in, sī khut-tsiat: To̍h sī khah ko-un iah-sī khah po̍h ê khong-khì-pau kā ji̍t-kng āu-uan ê thîng-tōo, pí khah kē-un iah-sī khah tsa̍t-ba̍t ê khong-khì-pau khah tsió. Sī kóng, tò-pîng tíng-kuân ê Thài-iông oo-tsú ua̍h-thiàu-khu 3014, tsiah bô leh tshap tsit ê tī Tē-kiû ê piáu-ián, i to̍h ta̍uh-ta̍uh-á uì Thài-iông piáu-bīn kiânn kuè.

[English] Rocket Transits Rippling Sun

The launch of a rocket at sunrise can result in unusual but intriguing images that feature both the rocket and the Sun. Such was the case last month when a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket blasted off from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center carrying 53 more Starlink satellites into low Earth orbit. In the featured launch picture, the rocket’s exhaust plume glows beyond its projection onto the distant Sun, the rocket itself appears oddly bent, and the Sun’s lower edge shows peculiar drip-like ripples. The physical cause of all of these effects is pockets of relatively hot or rarefied air deflecting sunlight less strongly than pockets relatively cool or compressed air: refraction. Unaware of the Earthly show, active sunspot region 3014 – on the upper left – slowly crosses the Sun.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【獵鷹 9 號】La̍h-eng káu hō/La̍h-ing káu hō/獵鷹 9 號/Falcon 9
• 【火箭】hóe-chìⁿ/hué-tsìnn/火箭/rocket
• 【太陽烏子】thài-iông o͘-chú/thài-iông oo-tsú/太陽黑子/sunspot
• 【太陽活跳區 3014】thài-iông oa̍h-thiàu-khu sam-khòng-it-sù/thài-iông ua̍h-thiàu-khu sam-khòng-it-sù/太陽活躍區 3014/active region 3014
• 【星鏈衛星】Seng-liān-ūi-chhiⁿ/Sing-liān-uī-tshinn/星鏈衛星/Starlink satellites
• 【踅地低軌道】se̍h-tē kē kúi-tō/se̍h-tē kē kúi-tō/繞地低軌道/low Earth orbit
• 【屈折】khut-chiat/khut-tsiat/折射/refraction