銀河 ê 烏洞

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：The Milky Way’s Black Hole
• 影像來源：X-ray: NASA/CXC/SAO, IR: NASA/HST/STScI ; 插圖：Radio (EHT Collaboration)
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)

[漢羅] 銀河 ê 烏洞

咱 ê 銀河中心 有一粒烏洞。 咱本底是知影講，tī 銀河中心附近，有足濟粒恆星 踅一个 足大質量 ê 實密天體 咧行，叫做 人馬座 A*。 毋閣昨昏發表 ê 事件視界望遠鏡 (EHT) ê 電波影像，確實證明講，伊就是咱銀河中心 ê 烏洞。 這是咱 頭一擺提著 銀河中心烏洞 ê 直接觀測證據。 佮 愛因斯坦 ê 廣義相對論 預測 ê 結果仝款，這粒 400 萬太陽質量 ê 烏洞有足強 ê 重力場，會共光線拗彎去，tī 中央產生一个看起來敢若是烏影 ê 烏暗區，去予看起來敢若是光環 ê 結構 箍 tī 內底。 這是 太空望遠鏡 佮 地面望遠鏡 同齊 tùi 銀河中心 做 ê 觀測。 按呢會當予 事件視界望遠鏡 (EHT) 翕著較闊 ê 烏洞影像 佮 提著重要 ê 烏洞訊息。 大張圖 是 Chandra 太空望遠鏡 ê X-光影像資料 佮 Hubble 太空望遠鏡 ê 紅外線影像資料。 這張差不多是 7 光年闊。 放大 ê 細張插圖是 事件視界望遠鏡 (EHT) 翕 ê 銀河中心 ê 電波影像，這干焦 10 光分闊爾爾。 咱 ê 銀河中心，離咱有 2 萬 7000 光年遠。

[POJ] Gîn-hô ê O͘-tōng

Lán ê Gîn-hô tiong-sim ū chi̍t lia̍p o͘-tōng. Lán pún-tē sī chai-iáⁿ kóng, tī Gîn-hô tiong-sim hū-kīn, ū chiok chōe lia̍p hêng-chhiⁿ se̍h chi̍t ê chiok tōa chit-liōng ê cha̍t-ba̍t-thian-thé leh kiâⁿ, kiò-chò Jîn-má-chō A*. M̄-koh cha-hng hoat-pió ê Sū-kiāⁿ-sī-kài Bōng-oán-kiàⁿ (EHT) ê tiān-pho iáⁿ-siōng, khak-si̍t chèng-bêng kóng, i to̍h sī lán Gîn-hô tiong-sim ê o͘-tōng. Che sī lán thâu chi̍t pái the̍h-tio̍h Gîn-hô tiong-sim o͘-tōng ê ti̍t-chiap koan-chhek chèng-kù. Kah Ài-in-su-thán ê Kóng-gī-siong-tùi-lūn ū-chhek ê kiat-kó kāng-khoán, chi̍t lia̍p 400 bān thài-iông-chit-liōng ê o͘-tōng ū chiok kiông ê tiōng-le̍k-tiûⁿ, ē kā kng-sòaⁿ áu-oan khì, tī tiong-ng sán-seng chi̍t ê khòaⁿ–khí-lâi sī o͘-iáⁿ ê o͘-àm-khu, khì hō͘ khòaⁿ–khí-lâi ká-ná sī kng-khoân ê kiat-kò͘ kho͘ tī lāi-té. Che sī thài-khong bōng-oán-kiàⁿ kah tē-bīn bōng-oán-kiàⁿ tâng-chê tùi Gîn-hô tiong-sim chò ê koan-chhek. Án-ni ē-tàng hō͘ Sū-kiāⁿ-sī-kài Bōng-oán-kiàⁿ (EHT) hip tio̍h khah khoah ê o͘-tōng iáⁿ-siōng kah the̍h-tio̍h tiōng-iàu ê o͘-tōng sìn-sit. Tōa-tiuⁿ-tô͘ sī Chandra Thài-khong-bōng-oán-kiàⁿ ê X-kng iáⁿ-siōng chu-liāu kah Hubble Thài-khong-bōng-oán-kiàⁿ ê âng-gōa-sòaⁿ iáⁿ-siōng chu-liāu. Chit tiuⁿ chha-put-to sī 7 kng-nî khoah. Hòng-tōa ê sè tiuⁿ chhah-tô͘ sī Sū-kiāⁿ-sī-kài Bōng-oán-kiàⁿ (EHT) hip ê Gîn-hô tiong-sim ê tiān-pho iáⁿ-siōng, che kan-na 10 kng-hun khoah niā-niā. Lán ê Gîn-hô tiong-sim, lî lán ū 2 bān 7000 kng-nî hn̄g.

[KIP] Gîn-hô ê Oo-tōng

Lán ê Gîn-hô tiong-sim ū tsi̍t lia̍p oo-tōng. Lán pún-tē sī tsai-iánn kóng, tī Gîn-hô tiong-sim hū-kīn, ū tsiok tsuē lia̍p hîng-tshinn se̍h tsi̍t ê tsiok tuā tsit-liōng ê tsa̍t-ba̍t-thian-thé leh kiânn, kiò-tsò Jîn-má-tsō A*. M̄-koh tsa-hng huat-pió ê Sū-kiānn-sī-kài Bōng-uán-kiànn (EHT) ê tiān-pho iánn-siōng, khak-si̍t tsìng-bîng kóng, i to̍h sī lán Gîn-hô tiong-sim ê oo-tōng. Tse sī lán thâu tsi̍t pái the̍h-tio̍h Gîn-hô tiong-sim oo-tōng ê ti̍t-tsiap kuan-tshik tsìng-kù. Kah Ài-in-su-thán ê Kóng-gī-siong-tuì-lūn ū-tshik ê kiat-kó kāng-khuán, tsi̍t lia̍p 400 bān thài-iông-tsit-liōng ê oo-tōng ū tsiok kiông ê tiōng-li̍k-tiûnn, ē kā kng-suànn áu-uan khì, tī tiong-ng sán-sing tsi̍t ê khuànn–khí-lâi sī oo-iánn ê oo-àm-khu, khì hōo khuànn–khí-lâi ká-ná sī kng-khuân ê kiat-kòo khoo tī lāi-té. Tse sī thài-khong bōng-uán-kiànn kah tē-bīn bōng-uán-kiànn tâng-tsê tuì Gîn-hô tiong-sim tsò ê kuan-tshik. Án-ni ē-tàng hōo Sū-kiānn-sī-kài Bōng-uán-kiànn (EHT) hip tio̍h khah khuah ê oo-tōng iánn-siōng kah the̍h-tio̍h tiōng-iàu ê oo-tōng sìn-sit. Tuā-tiunn-tôo sī Chandra Thài-khong-bōng-uán-kiànn ê X-kng iánn-siōng tsu-liāu kah Hubble Thài-khong-bōng-uán-kiànn ê âng-guā-suànn iánn-siōng tsu-liāu. Tsit tiunn tsha-put-to sī 7 kng-nî khuah. Hòng-tuā ê sè tiunn tshah-tôo sī Sū-kiānn-sī-kài Bōng-uán-kiànn (EHT) hip ê Gîn-hô tiong-sim ê tiān-pho iánn-siōng, tse kan-na 10 kng-hun khuah niā-niā. Lán ê Gîn-hô tiong-sim, lî lán ū 2 bān 7000 kng-nî hn̄g.

[English] The Milky Way’s Black Hole

There’s a black hole at the center of the Milky Way. Stars are observed to orbit a very massive and compact object there known as Sgr A* (say “sadge-ay-star”). But this just released radio image (inset) from planet Earth’s Event Horizon Telescope is the first direct evidence of the Milky Way’s central black hole. As predicted by Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity, the four million solar mass black hole’s strong gravity is bending light and creating a shadow-like dark central region surrounded by a bright ring-like structure. Simultaneous observations of the galactic center made by space-based telescopes and ground-based observatories provide a wider view and an important context for the Event Horizon Telescope’s black hole image. The main panel image shows the X-ray data from Chandra and infrared data from Hubble. While the main panel image is about 7-light years across, the Event Horizon Telescope inset image spans a mere 10 light-year_ at the center of our galaxy, some 27,000 light-years away.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【銀河】Gîn-hô/Gîn-hô/銀河/Milky Way
• 【烏洞】o͘-tōng/oo-tōng/黑洞/black hole
• 【事件視界望遠鏡】Sū-kiāⁿ-sī-kài Bōng-oán-kiàⁿ/Sū-kiānn-sī-kài Bōng-uán-kiànn/事件視界望遠鏡/Event Horizon Telescope (EHT)
• 【實密天體】cha̍t-ba̍t-thian-thé/tsa̍t-ba̍t-thian-thé/緻密天體/compact object
• 【人馬座 A*】Jîn-má-chō A-star/Jîn-má-tsō A-star/人馬座 A*/Sgr A*
• 【愛因斯坦】Ài-in-su-thán/Ài-in-su-thán/愛因斯坦/Einstein
• 【廣義相對論】Kóng-gī-siong-tùi-lūn/Kóng-gī-siong-tuì-lūn/廣義相對論/Theory of General Relativity
• 【太陽質量】thài-iông-chit-liōng/thài-iông-tsit-liōng/太陽質量/solar mass
• 【光分】kng-hun/kng-hun/光分/light-minute
• 【光年】kng-nî/kng-nî/光年/light-year
• 【Chandra 太空望遠鏡】Chandra Thài-khong-bōng-oán-kiàⁿ/Chandra Thài-khong-bōng-uán-kiànn/錢德拉 X 射線天文台/Chandra X-ray Observatory
• 【Hubble 太空望遠鏡】Hubble Thài-khong-bōng-oán-kiàⁿ/Hubble Thài-khong-bōng-uán-kiànn/哈伯太空望遠鏡/Hubble Space Telescope