星際彗星 2I Borisov

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• 原始文章：Interstellar Comet 2I Borisov
• 影像來源：NASA, ESA, and D. Jewitt (UCLA) et al.
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)

[漢羅] 星際彗星 2I Borisov

2I/Borisov 彗星 是 ùi 銀河系 某一个所在 來 ê，伊這馬才拄來到咱 ê 太陽系。 這粒彗星是業餘天文學家 Gennady Borisov tī 2019 年 8 月 30 揣著 ê。 哈伯太空望遠鏡 tī 2019 年 11 月 kah 12 月 ê 時陣翕著這兩張影像，才知影講，咱揣著頭一粒星際彗星。 倒爿彼張，tī Borisov 彗星 ê 視線方向，有一个 tī 遠方 ê 背景星系。 伊看起來霧霧。 這是因為 哈伯太空望遠鏡 kā 焦點囥 tī 這粒離地球才 3 萬 2700 公里遠 ê 高速彗星 kah 伊 ê 塗粉尾溜 遐。 正爿彼張，是 2I/Borisov 彗星 才拄過 近日點 彼陣 去予翕著 ê。 近日點 to̍h 是離太陽上近 ê 所在。 歐洲南方天文台 ê 觀測 kā 咱講，這粒彗星 tī 2019 年 經過咱 ê 近日點 進前，可能猶毋捌 kah 捌粒 恆星 行遮爾倚過。 Borisov 彗星離咱地球上近 ê 時陣，是 2019 年 12 月 28，彼陣伊 kah 咱 ê 距離才 2 萬 9000 公里遠爾爾。 雖罔講哈伯影像已經足清楚矣，毋閣伊猶是無 kā 彗核解析出來。 照這个結果，咱 to̍h 會當估算講，這粒彗核 ê 直徑應該是比 1 公里閣較短。

[POJ] Seng-chè Hui-chhiⁿ 2I Borisov

2I/Borisov hui-chhiⁿ sī ùi Gîn-hô-hē bó͘ chi̍t-ê só͘-chāi lâi ê, i chit-má chiah tú lâi kàu lán ê Thài-iông-hē. Chit-lia̍p hui-chhiⁿ sī gia̍p-û thian-bûn ha̍k-ka Gennady Borisov tī 2019 nî 8 goe̍h 30 chhōe-tio̍h ê. Ha-peh Thài-khong Bōng-oán-kiàⁿ tī 2019 nî 11 goe̍h kah 12 goe̍h ê sî-chūn hip-tio̍h chit nn̄g-tiuⁿ iáⁿ-siōng, chiah chai-iáⁿ kóng, lán chhōe-tio̍h thâu chi̍t-lia̍p seng-chè hui-chhiⁿ. Tò-pêng hit-tiuⁿ, tī Borisov hui-chhiⁿ ê sī-sòaⁿ hong-hiòng, ū chi̍t-ê tī oán-hong ê pōe-kéng seng-hē. I khòaⁿ–khí-lâi bū-bū. Che sī in-ūi Ha-peh Thài-khong Bōng-oán-kiàⁿ kā chiau-tiám khǹg tī chit-lia̍p lî Tē-kiû chiah 3 bān 2700 kong-lí hn̄g ê ko-sok hui-chhiⁿ kah i ê thô͘-hún bóe-liu hiah. Chiàⁿ-pêng hit-tiuⁿ, sī 2I/Borisov hui-chhiⁿ chiah tú kòe kīn-ji̍t-tiám hit-chūn khì hō͘ hip-tio̍h ê. Kīn-ji̍t-tiám to̍h sī lî Thài-iông siōng kīn ê só͘-chāi. Au-chiu Lâm-hong Thian-bûn-tâi ê koan-chhek kā lán kóng, chit-lia̍p hui-chhiⁿ tī 2019 nî kéng-kòe lán ê kīn-ji̍t-tiám chìn-chêng, khó-lêng iáu m̄-bat kah bat-lia̍p hêng-chhiⁿ kiâⁿ chiah-nī óa kòe. Borisov hui-chhiⁿ lî lán Tē-kiû siōng kīn ê sî-chūn, sī 2019 nî 12 goe̍h 28, hit-chūn i kah lán ê kū-lî chiah 2 bān 9000 kong-lí hn̄g niā-niā. Sui-bóng-kóng Ha-peh iáⁿ-siōng í-keng chiok chheng-chhó͘ ah, m̄-koh i iáu-sī bô kā hūi-he̍k kái-sek chhut-lâi. Chiàu chit-ê kiat-kó, lán to̍h ē-tàng kó͘-sǹg kóng, chit-lia̍p hūi-he̍k ê ti̍t-kèng èng-kai sī pí 1 kong-lí koh-khah té.

[KIP] Sing-tsè Hui-tshinn 2I Borisov

2I/Borisov hui-tshinn sī uì Gîn-hô-hē bóo tsi̍t-ê sóo-tsāi lâi ê, i tsit-má tsiah tú lâi kàu lán ê Thài-iông-hē. Tsit-lia̍p hui-tshinn sī gia̍p-û thian-bûn ha̍k-ka Gennady Borisov tī 2019 nî 8 gue̍h 30 tshuē-tio̍h ê. Ha-peh Thài-khong Bōng-uán-kiànn tī 2019 nî 11 gue̍h kah 12 gue̍h ê sî-tsūn hip-tio̍h tsit nn̄g-tiunn iánn-siōng, tsiah tsai-iánn kóng, lán tshuē-tio̍h thâu tsi̍t-lia̍p sing-tsè hui-tshinn. Tò-pîng hit-tiunn, tī Borisov hui-tshinn ê sī-suànn hong-hiòng, ū tsi̍t-ê tī uán-hong ê puē-kíng sing-hē. I khuànn–khí-lâi bū-bū. Tse sī in-uī Ha-peh Thài-khong Bōng-uán-kiànn kā tsiau-tiám khǹg tī tsit-lia̍p lî Tē-kiû tsiah 3 bān 2700 kong-lí hn̄g ê ko-sok hui-tshinn kah i ê thôo-hún bué-liu hiah. Tsiànn-pîng hit-tiunn, sī 2I/Borisov hui-tshinn tsiah tú kuè kīn-ji̍t-tiám hit-tsūn khì hōo hip-tio̍h ê. Kīn-ji̍t-tiám to̍h sī lî Thài-iông siōng kīn ê sóo-tsāi. Au-tsiu Lâm-hong Thian-bûn-tâi ê kuan-tshik kā lán kóng, tsit-lia̍p hui-tshinn tī 2019 nî kíng-kuè lán ê kīn-ji̍t-tiám tsìn-tsîng, khó-lîng iáu m̄-bat kah bat-lia̍p hîng-tshinn kiânn tsiah-nī uá kuè. Borisov hui-tshinn lî lán Tē-kiû siōng kīn ê sî-tsūn, sī 2019 nî 12 gue̍h 28, hit-tsūn i kah lán ê kū-lî tsiah 2 bān 9000 kong-lí hn̄g niā-niā. Sui-bóng-kóng Ha-peh iánn-siōng í-king tsiok tshing-tshóo ah, m̄-koh i iáu-sī bô kā huī-hi̍k kái-sik tshut-lâi. Tsiàu tsit-ê kiat-kó, lán to̍h ē-tàng kóo-sǹg kóng, tsit-lia̍p huī-hi̍k ê ti̍t-kìng ìng-kai sī pí 1 kong-lí koh-khah té.

[English] Interstellar Comet 2I Borisov

From somewhere else in the Milky Way galaxy, Comet 2I/Borisov was just visiting the Solar System. Discovered by amateur astronomer Gennady Borisov on August 30, 2019, the first known interstellar comet is seen in these two Hubble Space Telescope images from November and December 2019. On the left, a distant background galaxy near the line-of-sight to Borisov is blurred as Hubble tracked the speeding comet and dust tail about 327 million kilometers from Earth. At right, 2I/Borisov appears shortly after perihelion, its closest approach to Sun. European Southern Observatory observations indicate that this comet may never have passed close to any star before its 2019 perihelion passage. Borisov’s closest approach to our fair planet, a distance of about 290 million kilometers, came on December 28, 2019. Even though Hubble’s sharp images don’t resolve the comet’s nucleus, they did lead to estimates of less than 1 kilometer for its diameter.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【2I/Borisov 彗星】jī I Borisov hui-chhiⁿ/jī I Borisov hui-tshinn/ 2I/鮑里索夫彗星 / Comet 2I/Borisov
• 【業餘】gia̍p-û/gia̍p-û/業餘/amateur
• 【哈伯太空望遠鏡】Ha-peh Thài-khong Bōng-oán-kiàⁿ/Ha-peh Thài-khong Bōng-uán-kiànn/哈伯太空望遠鏡/Hubble Space Telescope
• 【星際彗星】seng-chè hui-chhiⁿ/sing-tsè hui-tshinn/星際彗星/Interstellar Comet
• 【近日點】kīn-ji̍t-tiám/kīn-ji̍t-tiám/近日點/perihelion
• 【視線方向】sī-sòaⁿ-hong-hiòng/sī-suànn-hong-hiòng/視線方向/line-of-sight
• 【彗尾】hūi-bóe/huī-bué/彗尾/comet’s tail
• 【塗粉尾溜】thô͘-hún bóe-liu/thôo-hún bué-liu/灰塵尾/dust tail
• 【歐洲南方天文台】Au-chiu Lâm-hong Thian-bûn-tâi/Au-tsiu Lâm-hong Thian-bûn-tâi/歐洲南方天文台/European Southern Observatory
• 【彗核】hūi-he̍k/huī-hi̍k/彗核/comet’s nucleus