插圖：少年 ê 類星體

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：Illustration: An Early Quasar
• 影像來源 kah 許可：ESO, M. Kornmesser
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)

[漢羅] 插圖：少年 ê 類星體

第一批類星體是生做啥款？ 咱這馬知影上近 ê 類星體，是 星系中心 有 超大質量烏洞 ê 活跳星系。 氣體 kah 塗粉 去予 類星體 食去，發出強光，有當時仔是比伊 ê 母星系閣較光。 毋閣，tī 宇宙早期 頭 10 億年生出來 ê 類星體，是有閣較神祕。 這張插圖，是因為有最近 ê 觀測資料，藝術家才有才調度畫出早期宇宙 ê 類星體。 伊可能是生做這款： 中央應該有一个大質量烏洞，邊仔有氣體 kah 吸積盤 leh 踅，而且會噴出 能量足強 ê 噴流。 類星體 是咱看會著 ê 上遙遠 ê 天體。 伊發出 ê 訊息，予 人類 有當了解 咱早期 宇宙 是生做啥款。 咱這馬已經知影這粒上老 ê 類星體 ê 紅移，是比 8 閣較細淡薄仔。 自 大霹靂 開始算，伊才 7 億歲，這是這馬宇宙年歲 ê 幾若葩爾爾。

[POJ] Chhah-tô͘: Siàu-liân ê Lūi-seng-thé

Tē it phoe lūi-seng-thé sī seⁿ chò siáⁿ-khoán? Lán chit-má chai-iáⁿ siōng kīn ê lūi-seng-thé, sī seng-hē tiong-sim ū chhiau-tōa chit-liōng o͘-tōng ê oa̍h-thiàu seng-hē. Khì-thé kah thô͘-hún khì hō͘ lūi-seng-thé chia̍h–khì, hoat-chhut kiông kng, ū-tang-sî-á sī pí i ê bú-seng-hē koh-khah kng. M̄-koh, tī ú-tiū chá-kî thâu cha̍p-ek nî seⁿ–chhut-lâi ê lūi-seng-thé, sī ū khah sîn-pì. Chit-tiuⁿ chhah-tô͘, sī in-ūi ū chòe-kīn ê koan-chhek chu-liāu, gē-su̍t-ka chiah ū châi-tiāu ōe-chhut chá-kî ú-tiū ê lūi-seng-thé. I khó-lêng sī seⁿ chò chit-khoán: Tiong-ng èng-kai ū chi̍t-ê tōa chit-liōng o͘-tōng, piⁿ-á ū khì-thé kah khip-chek-pôaⁿ leh se̍h, jī-cha̍p ē phùn-chhut lêng-liōng chiok kiông ê phùn-liû. Lūi-seng-thé sī lán khòaⁿ-ē-tio̍h ê siōng iâu-oán ê thian-thé. I hoat–chhut ê sìn-sit, hō͘ jîn-lūi ū-tàng liáu-kái lán chá-kî ú-tiū sī seⁿ chò siáⁿ-khoán. Lán chit-má í-keng chai-iáⁿ chi̍t-lia̍p siōng lāu ê lūi-seng-thé ê âng-î, sī pí 8 koh-khah sè tām-po̍h-á. Chū Tōa-phek-le̍k khai-sí sǹg, i chiah 7 ek hòe, che sī chit-má ú-tiū nî-hòe ê kúi-ā pha niā-niā.

[KIP] Tshah-tôo: Siàu-liân ê Luī-sing-thé

Tē it phue luī-sing-thé sī senn tsò siánn-khuán? Lán tsit-má tsai-iánn siōng kīn ê luī-sing-thé, sī sing-hē tiong-sim ū tshiau-tuā tsit-liōng oo-tōng ê ua̍h-thiàu sing-hē. Khì-thé kah thôo-hún khì hōo luī-sing-thé tsia̍h–khì, huat-tshut kiông kng, ū-tang-sî-á sī pí i ê bú-sing-hē koh-khah kng. M̄-koh, tī ú-tiū tsá-kî thâu tsa̍p-ik nî senn–tshut-lâi ê luī-sing-thé, sī ū khah sîn-pì. Tsit-tiunn tshah-tôo, sī in-uī ū tsuè-kīn ê kuan-tshik tsu-liāu, gē-su̍t-ka tsiah ū tsâi-tiāu uē-tshut tsá-kî ú-tiū ê luī-sing-thé. I khó-lîng sī senn tsò tsit-khuán: Tiong-ng ìng-kai ū tsi̍t-ê tuā tsit-liōng oo-tōng, pinn-á ū khì-thé kah khip-tsik-puânn leh se̍h, jī-tsa̍p ē phùn-tshut lîng-liōng tsiok kiông ê phùn-liû. Luī-sing-thé sī lán khuànn-ē-tio̍h ê siōng iâu-uán ê thian-thé. I huat–tshut ê sìn-sit, hōo jîn-luī ū-tàng liáu-kái lán tsá-kî ú-tiū sī senn tsò siánn-khuán. Lán tsit-má í-king tsai-iánn tsi̍t-lia̍p siōng lāu ê luī-sing-thé ê âng-î, sī pí 8 koh-khah sè tām-po̍h-á. Tsū Tuā-phik-li̍k khai-sí sǹg, i tsiah 7 ik huè, tse sī tsit-má ú-tiū nî-huè ê kuí-ā pha niā-niā.

[English] Illustration: An Early Quasar

What did the first quasars look like? The nearest quasars are now known to involve supermassive black holes in the centers of active galaxies. Gas and dust that falls toward a quasar glows brightly, sometimes outglowing the entire home galaxy. The quasars that formed in the first billion years of the universe are more mysterious, though. Featured, recent data has enabled an artist’s impression of an early-universe quasar as it might have been: centered on a massive black hole, surrounded by sheets of gas and an accretion disk, and expelling a powerful jet. Quasars are among the most distant objects we see and give humanity unique information about the early and intervening universe. The oldest quasars currently known are seen at just short of redshift 8 – only 700 million years after the Big Bang – when the universe was only a few percent of its current age.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【類星體】lūi-seng-thé/luī-sing-thé/類星體/quasar
• 【超大質量烏洞】chhiau-tōa chit-liōng o͘-tōng/tshiau-tuā tsit-liōng oo-tōng/超大質量烏洞/supermassive black hole
• 【活跳星系】oa̍h-thiàu seng-hē/ua̍h-thiàu sing-hē/活躍星系/active galaxies
• 【母星系】bú-seng-hē/bú-sing-hē/母星系/home galaxies
• 【吸積盤】khip-chek-pôaⁿ/khip-tsik-puânn/吸積盤/accretion disk
• 【噴流】phùn-liû/phùn-liû/噴流/jet
• 【紅移】âng-î/âng-î/紅移/redshift
• 【大霹靂】Tōa-phek-le̍k/Tuā-phik-li̍k/大霹靂/Big Bang