2022 年 ê 月相

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：Moon Phases 2022
• 影片來源：資料：Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter ; 動畫：NASA’s Scientific Visualization Studio; 音樂：Build the Future (Universal Production Music), Alexander Hitchens
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)

[漢羅] 2022 年 ê 月相

今年你生日 ê 時陣，彼工 ê 月相會生做啥款？ 這實在是 足歹臆 ê，因為 月娘逐工看起來 攏無仝。 月球 有半爿是去予 太陽 照予光 ê。 伊踅 地球 leh 行 ê 時陣，彼半爿會踅出來變光，閣踅出去愈暗。 這支動畫 影片 ê 影像是 NASA 踅月 月球探測軌道太空船 翕 ê。 主要是欲予你看 2022 年 12 個月 ê 月相是按怎。 一改 ê 月圓週期 表示講咱 ê 月娘經過一个完整 ê 週期，包括所有 ê 月相。 一个完整 ê 月圓週期 是 29 工半，無夠 一個月。 逐改 ê 月圓週期 會因為太陽光反射 月球 ê 角度無仝，所以看著 ê 特徵嘛 攏無仝。 毋閣其實 月娘 逐改攏是用仝一面看 地球。 逐暗較看袂出來 ê 變化是 月球 視寸尺 ê 改變，彼逐工干焦差一屑屑仔爾爾。 伊會微微仔幌頭，這款現象就叫做 天平動，會 tī 月球 踅伊 長株圓軌道 ê 時陣發生。

[POJ] Jī-khòng-jī-jī nî ê Goe̍h-siòng

Kin-nî lí seⁿ-ji̍t ê sî-chūn, hit-kang ê goe̍h-siòng ē seⁿ-chòe siáⁿ-khoán? Che si̍t-chāi sī chiok phái ioh ê, in-ūi goe̍h-niû ta̍k-kang khòaⁿ–khì-lâi lóng bô-kâng. Goe̍h-kiû ū pòaⁿ-pêng sī khì hō͘ Thài-iông chiò hō͘ kng ê. I se̍h Tē-kiû leh kiâⁿ ê sî-chūn, hit pòaⁿ-pêng ē se̍h chhut-lâi piàn kng, koh se̍h chhut-khì piàn àm. Chit-ki tōng-ōe iáⁿ-phìⁿ ê iáⁿ-siōng sī NASA Se̍h-goe̍h Goe̍h-kiû-thàm-chhek-kúi-tō Thài-khong-chûn hip ê. Chú-iàu sī beh hō͘ lí khòaⁿ jī-khòng-jī-jī nî cha̍p-jī kò-goe̍h ê goe̍h-siòng sī án-ná. Chi̍t-kái ê goe̍h-îⁿ chiu-kî piáu-sī kóng lán ê ge̍h-niû kéng-kòe chi̍t-ê oân-chéng ê chiu-kî, pau-koat só͘-ū ê goe̍h-siòng. Chi̍t-ê oân-chéng ê goe̍h-îⁿ chiu-kî sī jī-cha̍p-káu kâng pòaⁿ, bô-kàu chi̍t-kang. Ta̍k-kái ê goe̍h-îⁿ chiu-kî ē in-ūi thài-iông-kng hoán-siā goe̍h-kiû ê kak-tō͘ bô-kâng, só͘-í khòaⁿ–tio̍h ê te̍k-teng mā lóng bô-kâng. M̄-koh kî-si̍t goe̍h-niû ta̍k-kái lóng-sī iōng kâng-chi̍t-bīn khòaⁿ Tē-kiû. Ta̍k-àm khah khòaⁿ bōe chhut-lâi ê piàn-hòa sī Goe̍h-kiû sī-chhùn-chhioh ê kái-piàn, he ta̍k-kang kan-na chha chi̍t-sut-sut-á niā-niā. I ē bî-bî-á hàiⁿ-thâu, chit-khoán hiān-siōng to̍h kiò-chò Thian-pêng-tōng, ē tī Goe̍h-kiû se̍h i tn̂g-tu-îⁿ kúi-tō ê sî-chūn hoat-seng.

[KIP] Jī-khòng-jī-jī nî ê Gue̍h-siòng

Kin-nî lí senn-ji̍t ê sî-tsūn, hit-kang ê gue̍h-siòng ē senn-tsuè siánn-khuán? Tse si̍t-tsāi sī tsiok phái ioh ê, in-uī gue̍h-niû ta̍k-kang khuànn–khì-lâi lóng bô-kâng. Gue̍h-kiû ū puànn-pîng sī khì hōo Thài-iông tsiò hōo kng ê. I se̍h Tē-kiû leh kiânn ê sî-tsūn, hit puànn-pîng ē se̍h tshut-lâi piàn kng, koh se̍h tshut-khì piàn àm. Tsit-ki tōng-uē iánn-phìnn ê iánn-siōng sī NASA Se̍h-gue̍h Gue̍h-kiû-thàm-tshik-kuí-tō Thài-khong-tsûn hip ê. Tsú-iàu sī beh hōo lí khuànn jī-khòng-jī-jī nî tsa̍p-jī kò-gue̍h ê gue̍h-siòng sī án-ná. Tsi̍t-kái ê gue̍h-înn tsiu-kî piáu-sī kóng lán ê ge̍h-niû kíng-kuè tsi̍t-ê uân-tsíng ê tsiu-kî, pau-kuat sóo-ū ê gue̍h-siòng. Tsi̍t-ê uân-tsíng ê gue̍h-înn tsiu-kî sī jī-tsa̍p-káu kâng puànn, bô-kàu tsi̍t-kang. Ta̍k-kái ê gue̍h-înn tsiu-kî ē in-uī thài-iông-kng huán-siā gue̍h-kiû ê kak-tōo bô-kâng, sóo-í khuànn–tio̍h ê ti̍k-ting mā lóng bô-kâng. M̄-koh kî-si̍t gue̍h-niû ta̍k-kái lóng-sī iōng kâng-tsi̍t-bīn khuànn Tē-kiû. Ta̍k-àm khah khuànn buē tshut-lâi ê piàn-huà sī Gue̍h-kiû sī-tshùn-tshioh ê kái-piàn, he ta̍k-kang kan-na tsha tsi̍t-sut-sut-á niā-niā. I ē bî-bî-á hàinn-thâu, tsit-khuán hiān-siōng to̍h kiò-tsò Thian-pîng-tōng, ē tī Gue̍h-kiû se̍h i tn̂g-tu-înn kuí-tō ê sî-tsūn huat-sing.

[English] Moon Phases 2022

What will the Moon phase be on your birthday this year? It is hard to predict because the Moon’s appearance changes nightly. As the Moon orbits the Earth, the half illuminated by the Sun first becomes increasingly visible, then decreasingly visible. The featured video animates images taken by NASA’s Moon-orbiting Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter to show all 12 lunations that appear this year, 2022. A single lunation describes one full cycle of our Moon, including all of its phases. A full lunation takes about 29.5 days, just under a month moon-th. As each lunation progresses, sunlight reflects from the Moon at different angles, and so illuminates different features differently. During all of this, of course, the Moon always keeps the same face toward the Earth. What is less apparent night-to-night is that the Moon’s apparent size changes slightly, and that a slight wobble called a libration occurs as the Moon progresses along its elliptical orbit.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【月圓週期】goe̍h-îⁿ chiu-kî/gue̍h-înn tsiu-kî/月圓週期/lunation
• 【踅月月球探測軌道太空船】Se̍h-goe̍h Goe̍h-kiû-thàm-chhek-kúi-tō Thài-khong-chûn/Se̍h-gue̍h Gue̍h-kiû-thàm-tshik-kuí-tō Thài-khong-tsûn/繞月月球勘測軌道太空船/Moon-orbiting Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter
• 【視寸尺】sī-chhùn-chhioh/sī-tshùn-tshioh/視尺寸/apparent size
• 【天平動】Thian-pêng-tōng/Thian-pîng-tōng/天平動/libration
• 【長株圓軌道】tn̂g-tu-îⁿ kúi-tō/tn̂g-tu-înn kuí-tō/橢圓軌道/elliptical orbit