加利略四大衛星 ê 木衛二 Europa

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：Galileo’s Europa
• 影像來源：NASA, JPL-Caltech, SETI Institute, Cynthia Phillips, Marty Valenti
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)

[漢羅] 加利略四大衛星 ê 木衛二 Europa

咱若是來看 1990 年代後半木星系統 ê 資料，就會發現 加利略太空船 有記錄著 木衛二 Europa 足精彩 ê 影像。 這粒衛星 ê 表面冰層下底有一重足深 ê 全球性海洋。 這張加利略四大衛星 ê 木衛二 Europa ê 影像資料已經 重新處理過。 這擺有改善資料校正 ê 方式，才有法度產生彩色影像。 按呢產生 ê 色彩 kah 咱目睭看著 ê 較 相-siâng。 木衛二 Europa 表面足長 ê 彎曲痕跡，暗示講遐有地下水。 木星 ê 衛星踅木星 ê 長株圓軌道 leh 行。 木衛二 Europa 面頂 ê 潮汐作用提供能量，予伊 ê 海洋保持液體 ê 形態。 毋閣閣較 趣味 ê 是，就算是無太陽光，伊嘛是會當提供支持性命 ê 能量。 所以 木衛二 Europa 就變做是 地球 以外上有可能有性命 ê 所在。 毋知啥物款生物會當 tī 深閣暗 ê 地下海洋生存發展咧？ 是講地球家己嘛是有 tī 極地生存 ê 蝦仔 就是。

[POJ] Ka-lī-lio̍h Sù-tōa-ūi-chhiⁿ ê Bo̍k-ūi-jī Europa

Lán nā-sī lâi khòaⁿ i̍t-kiú-kiú-khòng nî-tāi āu-poàn Bo̍k-chhiⁿ-hē-thóng ê chu-liāu, to̍h ē hoat-hiān Ka-lī-lio̍h Thài-khong-chûn ū kì-lo̍k tio̍h Bo̍k-ūi-jī Europa chiok cheng-chhái ê iáⁿ-siōng. Chi̍t-lia̍p ūi-chhiⁿ ê piáu-bīn peng-chân ē-té ū chi̍t-têng chiok chhim ê choân-kiû-sèng hái-iûⁿ. Chit-tiuⁿ Ka-lī-lio̍h Sù-tōa-ūi-chhiⁿ ê Bo̍k-ūi-jī Europa ê iáⁿ-siōng chu-liāu í-keng tiông-sin chhú-lí kòe. Chit-pái ū kái-siān chu-liāu kàu-chèng ê hong-sek, chiah ū-hoat-tō͘ sán-seng chhái-sek iáⁿ-siōng. Án-ne sán-seng ê sek-chhái kah lán ba̍k-chiu khòaⁿ–tio̍h ê khah sio-siâng. Bo̍k-ūi-jī Europa piáu-bīn chiok tn̂g ê oan-khiau hûn-jiah, àm-sī kóng hiah ū tē-hā-chúi. Bo̍k-chhiⁿ ê ūi-chhiⁿ se̍h Bo̍k-chhiⁿ ê tn̂g-tu-îⁿ kúi-tō leh kiâⁿ. Bo̍k-ūi-jī Europa bīn-téng ê tiâu-se̍k chok-iōng thê-kiong lêng-liōng, hō͘ i ê hái-iûⁿ pó-chhî e̍k-thé ê hêng-thài. M̄-koh koh-khah chhù-bī ê sī, tō-sǹg-sī bô thài-iông-kng, i mā-sī ē-tàng thê-kiong chi-chhî sìⁿ-miā ê lêng-liōng. Só͘-í Bo̍k-ūi-jī Europa to̍h piàn-chò sī Tē-kiû ì-gōa siōng ū khó-lêng ū sìⁿ-miā ê só͘-chāi. M̄-chai siáⁿ-mih-khòaⁿ seng-bu̍t ē-tàng tī chhim koh àm ê tē-hā hái-iûⁿ seng-chûn hoat-tián leh? Sī-kóng Tē-kiû ka-tī mā-sī ū tī ke̍k-tē seng-chûn ê hê-á tō-sī.

[KIP] Ka-lī-lio̍h Sù-tuā-uī-tshinn ê Bo̍k-uī-jī Europa

Lán nā-sī lâi khuànn i̍t-kiú-kiú-khòng nî-tāi āu-puàn Bo̍k-tshinn-hē-thóng ê tsu-liāu, to̍h ē huat-hiān Ka-lī-lio̍h Thài-khong-tsûn ū kì-lo̍k tio̍h Bo̍k-uī-jī Europa tsiok tsing-tshái ê iánn-siōng. Tsi̍t-lia̍p uī-tshinn ê piáu-bīn ping-tsân ē-té ū tsi̍t-tîng tsiok tshim ê tsuân-kiû-sìng hái-iûnn. Tsit-tiunn Ka-lī-lio̍h Sù-tuā-uī-tshinn ê Bo̍k-uī-jī Europa ê iánn-siōng tsu-liāu í-king tiông-sin tshú-lí kuè. Tsit-pái ū kái-siān tsu-liāu kàu-tsìng ê hong-sik, tsiah ū-huat-tōo sán-sing tshái-sik iánn-siōng. Án-ne sán-sing ê sik-tshái kah lán ba̍k-tsiu khuànn–tio̍h ê khah sio-siâng. Bo̍k-uī-jī Europa piáu-bīn tsiok tn̂g ê uan-khiau hûn-jiah, àm-sī kóng hiah ū tē-hā-tsuí. Bo̍k-tshinn ê uī-tshinn se̍h Bo̍k-tshinn ê tn̂g-tu-înn kuí-tō leh kiânn. Bo̍k-uī-jī Europa bīn-tíng ê tiâu-si̍k tsok-iōng thê-kiong lîng-liōng, hōo i ê hái-iûnn pó-tshî i̍k-thé ê hîng-thài. M̄-koh koh-khah tshù-bī ê sī, tō-sǹg-sī bô thài-iông-kng, i mā-sī ē-tàng thê-kiong tsi-tshî sìnn-miā ê lîng-liōng. Sóo-í Bo̍k-uī-jī Europa to̍h piàn-tsò sī Tē-kiû ì-guā siōng ū khó-lîng ū sìnn-miā ê sóo-tsāi. M̄-tsai siánn-mih-khuànn sing-bu̍t ē-tàng tī tshim koh àm ê tē-hā hái-iûnn sing-tsûn huat-tián leh? Sī-kóng Tē-kiû ka-tī mā-sī ū tī ki̍k-tē sing-tsûn ê hê-á tō-sī.

[English] Galileo’s Europa

Looping through the Jovian system in the late 1990s, the Galileo spacecraft recorded stunning views of Europa and uncovered evidence that the moon’s icy surface likely hides a deep, global ocean. Galileo’s Europa image data has been remastered here, with improved calibrations to produce a color image approximating what the human eye might see. Europa’s long curving fractures hint at the subsurface liquid water. The tidal flexing the large moon experiences in its elliptical orbit around Jupiter supplies the energy to keep the ocean liquid. But more tantalizing is the possibility that even in the absence of sunlight that process could also supply the energy to support life, making Europa one of the best places to look for life beyond Earth. What kind of life could thrive in a deep, dark, subsurface ocean? Consider planet Earth’s own extreme shrimp.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【加利略四大衛星】Ka-lī-lio̍h Sù-tōa-ūi-chhiⁿ/Ka-lī-lio̍h Sù-tuā-uī-tshinn/加利略四大衛星/Galileon moon
• 【加利略太空船】Ka-lī-lio̍h thài-khong-chûn/Ka-lī-lio̍h thài-khong-tsûn/加利略太空船/Galileo spacecraft
• 【木星系統】Bo̍k-chhiⁿ hē-thóng/Bo̍k-tshinn hē-thóng/木星系統/Jovian system
• 【潮汐作用】tiâu-se̍k chok-iōng/tiâu-si̍k tsok-iōng/潮汐作用/tidal force
• 【長株圓軌道】tn̂g-tu-îⁿ kúi-tō/tn̂g-tu-înn kuí-tō/橢圓軌道/elliptical orbit
• 【液體】e̍k-thé/i̍k-thé/液體/liquid
• 【極地】ke̍k-tē/ki̍k-tē/極地/extreme environment