冬節 ê 太陽 kah 銀河

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：Solstice Sun and Milky Way
• 影像來源 kah 版權：Stefan Seip (TWAN)
• 天文探索 kah 科普教育：支援 APOD ê 博士班學程
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)

[漢羅] 冬節 ê 太陽 kah 銀河

12 月 ê 冬節到矣！這是北半球寒天 kah 南半球熱天 ê 頭一工。 夏節、冬節、春分、kah 秋分 這寡季節 ê 天文標記，是按照太陽逐年 tī 黃道面 kah tī 地球天頂 ê 位置來決定 ê。 這擺 ê 冬節點 發生 tī 今仔日 15:59 世界時 ê 時陣，這當陣 ê 太陽是 tī 上南爿，赤緯 -23.5 度 ê 所在，赤經 座標是 tī 天球 18 點 ê 所在。 這予 太陽落 tī 銀河系中心 附近 ê 人馬座 方向。 實際上，你若是會當 tī 較暗 ê 背景星 kah 星雲之下看著今仔日 ê 冬節太陽，按呢你看著 ê 景色可能 to̍h kah 這幅組合 ê 全景圖有小可仔 相-siâng。 是講這實在是真無簡單 ê，尤其是 tī 日時。 為著這个目標，咱 tī Namibia 共和國 烏趖趖 ê 夜空 翕 咱 ê 銀河，才 kā 鬥做這張全景圖。 內底足光彼粒是太陽，是 tī 2015 年 12 月 21 翕 ê 速翕。 這是用數位方式 kā 疊 tī 今仔日北半球冬節 ê 位置，差不多是 tī 銀河系 ê 中心附近。

[POJ] Tang-cheh ê Thài-iông kah Gîn-hô

Cha̍p-jī goe̍h ê tang-cheh kàu ah! Che sī pak-pòaⁿ-kiû kôaⁿ-thiⁿ kah lâm-pòaⁿ-kiû joa̍h-thiⁿ ê thâu-chi̍t-kang. Hā-cheh, tang-cheh, chhun-hun, kah chhiu-hun chit-kóa kùi-cheh ê thian-bûn piau-kì, sī àn-chiàu Thài-iông ta̍k-nî tī n̂g-tō-bīn kah tī Tē-kiû thiⁿ-téng ê ūi-tì lâi koat-tēng ê. Chit-pái ê tang-cheh hoat-seng tī kin-á-ji̍t cha̍p-gō͘ tiám gō͘-cha̍p-káu hun sè-kài-sî ê sî-chūn, chit-tang-chūn ê Thài-iông sī tī siōng lâm-pêng, chhek-hūi hū-jī-cha̍p-saⁿ-tiám-gō͘ tō͘ ê só͘-chāi, chhek-keng chō-piau sī tī thian-kiû cha̍p-peh tiám ê só͘-chāi. Che hō͘ Thài-iông lo̍h tī Gîn-hô-hē tiong-sim hū-kīn ê Jîn-má-chō hong-hiòng. Si̍t-chè-siōng, lí nā-sī ē-tàng tī khah-àm ê pōe-kéng-chhiⁿ kah seng-hûn chi-hā khòaⁿ-tio̍h kin-á-ji̍t ê tang-cheh Thài-iông, án-ni lí khòaⁿ–tio̍h ê kéng-sek khó-lêng to̍h kah chit-pak cho͘-ha̍p ê choân-kéng-tô͘ ū sió-khóa-á sio-siâng. Sī-kóng che si̍t-chāi sī chin bô kán-tan ê, iû-kî sī tī ji̍t-sî. Ūi-tio̍h chit-ê bo̍k-piau, lán tī Namibia kiōng-ha̍p-kok o͘-sô-sô ê iā-khong hip lán ê Gîn-hô, chiah kā tàu-chò chit-tiuⁿ choân-kéng-tô͘. Lāi-té chiok-kng hit-lia̍p sī Thài-iông, sī tī jī-khòng-it-ngó͘ nî cha̍p-jī goe̍h jī-it hip ê sok-hip. Che sī iōng só͘-ūi hong-sek kā tha̍h tī kin-á-ji̍t pak-pòaⁿ-kiû tang-cheh ê ūi-tì, chha-put-to sī tī Gîn-hô-hē ê tiong-sim hū-kīn.

[KIP] Tang-tseh ê Thài-iông kah Gîn-hô

Tsa̍p-jī gue̍h ê tang-tseh kàu ah! Tse sī pak-puànn-kiû kuânn-thinn kah lâm-puànn-kiû jua̍h-thinn ê thâu-tsi̍t-kang. Hā-tseh, tang-tseh, tshun-hun, kah tshiu-hun tsit-kuá kuì-tseh ê thian-bûn piau-kì, sī àn-tsiàu Thài-iông ta̍k-nî tī n̂g-tō-bīn kah tī Tē-kiû thinn-tíng ê uī-tì lâi kuat-tīng ê. Tsit-pái ê tang-tseh huat-sing tī kin-á-ji̍t tsa̍p-gōo tiám gōo-tsa̍p-káu hun sè-kài-sî ê sî-tsūn, tsit-tang-tsūn ê Thài-iông sī tī siōng lâm-pîng, tshik-huī hū-jī-tsa̍p-sann-tiám-gōo tōo ê sóo-tsāi, tshik-king tsō-piau sī tī thian-kiû tsa̍p-peh tiám ê sóo-tsāi. Tse hōo Thài-iông lo̍h tī Gîn-hô-hē tiong-sim hū-kīn ê Jîn-má-tsō hong-hiòng. Si̍t-tsè-siōng, lí nā-sī ē-tàng tī khah-àm ê puē-kíng-tshinn kah sing-hûn tsi-hā khuànn-tio̍h kin-á-ji̍t ê tang-tseh Thài-iông, án-ni lí khuànn–tio̍h ê kíng-sik khó-lîng to̍h kah tsit-pak tsoo-ha̍p ê tsuân-kíng-tôo ū sió-khuá-á sio-siâng. Sī-kóng tse si̍t-tsāi sī tsin bô kán-tan ê, iû-kî sī tī ji̍t-sî. Uī-tio̍h tsit-ê bo̍k-piau, lán tī Namibia kiōng-ha̍p-kok oo-sô-sô ê iā-khong hip lán ê Gîn-hô, tsiah kā tàu-tsò tsit-tiunn tsuân-kíng-tôo. Lāi-té tsiok-kng hit-lia̍p sī Thài-iông, sī tī jī-khòng-it-ngóo nî tsa̍p-jī gue̍h jī-it hip ê sok-hip. Tse sī iōng sóo-uī hong-sik kā tha̍h tī kin-á-ji̍t pak-puànn-kiû tang-tseh ê uī-tì, tsha-put-to sī tī Gîn-hô-hē ê tiong-sim hū-kīn.

[English] Solstice Sun and Milky Way

Welcome to December’s solstice, first day of winter in the north and summer for the southern hemisphere. Astronomical markers of the seasons, solstice and equinox dates are based on the Sun’s place in its annual journey along the ecliptic, through planet Earth’s sky. At this solstice, the Sun reaches its maximum southern declination of -23.5 degrees today at 15:59 UTC, while its right ascension coordinate on the celestial sphere is 18 hours. That puts the Sun in the constellation Sagittarius in a direction near the center of our Milky Way galaxy. In fact, if you could see today’s Solstice Sun against faint background stars and nebulae (that’s really hard to do, especially in the daytime …) your view might look something like this composited panorama. To make it, images of our fair galaxy were taken under dark Namibian night skies, then stitched together in a panoramic view. From a snapshot made on 2015 December 21, the Sun was digitally overlayed as a brilliant star at today’s northern winter solstice position, close to the center ofthe Milky Way.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【節點】cheh-tiám/tseh-tiám/至點/solstice
• 【至點】chi-tiám/tsi-tiám/至點/solstice
• 【冬節】tang-cheh/tang-tseh/冬至/winter solstice
• 【冬至】tang-chi/tang-tsi/冬至/winter solstice
• 【春分】chhun-hun/tshun-hun/春分/spring equinox
• 【秋分】chhiu-hun/tshiu-hun/秋分/September’s equinox
• 【赤緯】chhek-hūi/tshik-huī/赤緯/declination
• 【赤經】chhek-keng/tshek-king/赤經/right ascension
• 【世界時】sè-kài-sî/sè-kài-sî/世界時/UTC
• 【座標】chō-piau/tsō-piau/座標/coordinate
• 【天球】thian-kiû/thian-kiû/天球/the celestial sphere
• 【人馬座】Jîn-má-chō/Jîn-má-tsō/人馬座/Sagittarius
• 【黃道面】n̂g-tō-bīn/n̂g-tō-bīn/黃道面/ecliptic plane