馬頭星雲 kah 火舌星雲

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：The Horsehead and Flame Nebulas
• 影像來源 kah 版權：Wissam Ayoub
• 天文探索 kah 科普教育：支援 APOD ê 博士班學程
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)

[漢羅] 馬頭星雲 kah 火舌星雲

馬頭星雲 是天頂一个足有名 ê 星雲。 你會當 tī 這張相片 上正爿 ê 柑仔色 發射星雲 遐，看著較暗彼塊烏雲。 這个 馬頭 看–起來是烏 ê，這是因為伊是一塊袂透光 ê 塗粉 雲，to̍h chhāi tī 較光 ê 發射星雲 頭前。 To̍h 親像 地球大氣層 ê 雲仝款，這塊宇宙雲嘛拄仔好看–起來 親像是一項物件。 幾若千年了後，雲 ê 內部運動 to̍h 會改變伊 ê 外形矣。 發射 星雲 ê 柑仔色 是 因為 電子 kah 水素 原子 ê 質子 復合 造成 ê。 影像 ê 倒爿下跤是 火舌星雲，伊嘛是一个柑仔色 ê 星雲，內底有足複雜 ê 暗塗粉雲絲。 咱閣看會著兩个較有名 ê 反射星雲： 上倒爿 ê 圓形星雲 IC 432，kah 馬頭星雲倒爿下跤 ê 藍色 星雲 NGC 2023。 In ê 色光主要攏是 反射 in 中央恆星 ê 光。

[POJ] Bé-thâu-seng-hûn kah Hóe-chi̍h-seng-hûn

Bé-thâu-seng-hûn sī thiⁿ-téng chi̍t-ê chiok ū-miâ ê seng-hûn. Lí ē-tàng tī chit-tiuⁿ siòng-phìⁿ siōng chiàⁿ-pêng ê kam-á-sek hoat-siā-seng-hûn hiah, khòaⁿ-tio̍h khah-àm hit-tè o͘-hûn. Chit-ê bé-thâu khòaⁿ–khí-lâi sī o͘ ê, che sī in-ūi i sī chi̍t-tè bōe-thàu-kng ê thô͘-hún-hûn, to̍h chhāi tī khah-kng ê hoat-siā seng-hûn thâu-chêng. To̍h chhiⁿ-chhiūⁿ Tē-kiû tōa-khì-chân ê hûn kāng-khoán, chit-tè ú-tiū-hûn mā tú-á-hó khòaⁿ–khí-lâi chhin-chhiūⁿ sī chi̍t-hāng mi̍h-kiāⁿ. Kúi-ā chheng-nî liáu-āu, hûn ê lōe-pō͘-ūn-tōng to̍h ē kái-piàn i ê gōa-hêng ah. Hoat-siā-seng-hûn ê kam-á-sek sī in-ūi tiān-chú kah chúi-sò͘-goân-chú ê chit-chú ho̍k-ha̍p chō-sêng ê. Iáⁿ-siōng ê tò-pêng ē-kha sī Hóe-chi̍h-seng-hûn, i mā-sī chi̍t-ê kam-á-sek ê seng-hûn, lāi-té ū chiok ho̍k-cha̍p ê àm-thô͘-hún hûn-si. Lán koh khòaⁿ-ē-tio̍h nn̄g-ê khah ū-miâ ê hoán-siā seng-hûn: Siōng tò-pêng ê îⁿ-hêng seng-hûn IC sù-sam-jī, kah Bé-thâu-seng-hûn tò-pêng ē-kha ê nâ-sek seng-hûn NGC jī-khòng-jī-sam. In ê se̍k-kng chú-iàu lóng-sī hoán-siā in tiong-ng hêng-chhiⁿ ê kng.

[KIP] Bé-thâu-sing-hûn kah Hué-tsi̍h-sing-hûn

Bé-thâu-sing-hûn sī thinn-tíng tsi̍t-ê tsiok ū-miâ ê sing-hûn. Lí ē-tàng tī tsit-tiunn siòng-phìnn siōng tsiànn-pîng ê kam-á-sik huat-siā-sing-hûn hiah, khuànn-tio̍h khah-àm hit-tè oo-hûn. Tsit-ê bé-thâu khuànn–khí-lâi sī oo ê, tse sī in-uī i sī tsi̍t-tè buē-thàu-kng ê thôo-hún-hûn, to̍h tshāi tī khah-kng ê huat-siā sing-hûn thâu-tsîng. To̍h tshinn-tshiūnn Tē-kiû tuā-khì-tsân ê hûn kāng-khuán, tsit-tè ú-tiū-hûn mā tú-á-hó khuànn–khí-lâi tshin-tshiūnn sī tsi̍t-hāng mi̍h-kiānn. Kuí-ā tshing-nî liáu-āu, hûn ê luē-pōo-ūn-tōng to̍h ē kái-piàn i ê guā-hîng ah. Huat-siā-sing-hûn ê kam-á-sik sī in-uī tiān-tsú kah tsuí-sòo-guân-tsú ê tsit-tsú ho̍k-ha̍p tsō-sîng ê. Iánn-siōng ê tò-pîng ē-kha sī Hué-tsi̍h-sing-hûn, i mā-sī tsi̍t-ê kam-á-sik ê sing-hûn, lāi-té ū tsiok ho̍k-tsa̍p ê àm-thôo-hún hûn-si. Lán koh khuànn-ē-tio̍h nn̄g-ê khah ū-miâ ê huán-siā sing-hûn: Siōng tò-pîng ê înn-hîng sing-hûn IC sù-sam-jī, kah Bé-thâu-sing-hûn tò-pîng ē-kha ê nâ-sik sing-hûn NGC jī-khòng-jī-sam. In ê si̍k-kng tsú-iàu lóng-sī huán-siā in tiong-ng hîng-tshinn ê kng.

[English] The Horsehead and Flame Nebulas

The Horsehead Nebula is one of the most famous nebulae on the sky. It is visible as the dark indentation to the orange emission nebula at the far right of the featured picture. The horse-head feature is dark because it is really an opaque dust cloud that lies in front of the bright emission nebula. Like clouds in Earth’s atmosphere, this cosmic cloud has assumed a recognizable shape by chance. After many thousands of years, the internal motions of the cloud will surely alter its appearance. The emission nebula’s orange color is caused by electrons recombining with protons to form hydrogen atoms. Toward the lower left of the image is the Flame Nebula, an orange-tinged nebula that also contains intricate filaments of dark dust. Two prominent reflection nebulas are visible: round IC 432 on the far left, and blue NGC 2023 just to the lower left of the Horsehead nebula. Each glows primarily by reflecting the light of their central star.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【馬頭星雲】Bé-thâu-seng-hûn/Bé-thâu-sing-hûn/馬頭星雲/the Horsehead Nebula
• 【火舌星雲】Hóe-chi̍h-seng-hûn/Hué-tsi̍h-sing-hûn/火焰星雲/the Flame Nebula
• 【發射星雲】hoat-siā-seng-hûn/huat-siā-sing-hûn/發射星雲/emission nebula
• 【反射星雲】hoán-siā-seng-hûn/huán-siā-sing-hûn/反射星雲/reflection nebula
• 【水素】chúi-sò͘/tsuí-sòo/氫/hydrogen
• 【質子】chit-chú/tsit-tsú/質子/protons
• 【雲絲】hûn-si/hûn-si/絲狀物/filament
• 【復合】ho̍k-ha̍p/ho̍k-ha̍p/復合/recombine