萬聖節 kah 鬼頭星雲

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• 原始文章：Halloween and the Ghost Head Nebula
• 影像來源：Mohammad Heydari-Malayeri (Observatoire de Paris) et al., ESA, NASA
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)

[漢羅] 萬聖節 kah 鬼頭星雲

萬聖節 ê 起源 kah 天文有關，自古早時代 to̍h 開始矣。 Ùi 西元前 5 世紀開始，萬聖節 to̍h 是用來慶祝 換季日。 換季日是 春分秋分（日時 kah 暗暝平長彼工）kah 夏節冬節（北半球上短彼工/南半球上長彼工）ê 中央彼工。 毋閣用 現代曆日 來看，雖然萬聖節是後禮拜，真正 ê 換 季日 是 閣晏一禮拜。 另外一个 換季日是 竹鼠日。 現代萬聖節 ê 慶祝活動，有保留 古早時代 利用 穿差來嚇驚 過身 ê 人 ê 魂魄，予 in 緊走 ê 風俗。 這幅 哈伯太空望遠鏡 翕 ê 鬼頭星雲，kah 這个古早時代 to̍h 有 ê 節日有四配。 嘛 kah bàng-kà 內底 ê 幽靈 有合。 NGC 2080 實際上是大麥哲倫星雲內底 ê 恆星形成區。 大麥哲倫星雲 是咱 銀河系 ê 衛星星系。 鬼頭星雲 (NGC 2080) 差不多有 50 光年 闊，疊這色嘛拄仔好勢。

[POJ] Bān-sèng-cheh kah Kúi-thâu-seng-hûn

Bān-sèng-cheh ê khí-goân kah thian-bûn ū-koan, chū kó͘-chá-sî-tāi to̍h khai-sí ah. Ùi Se-goân chêng gō͘ sè-kí khai-sí, Bān-sèng-cheh to̍h sī iōng-lâi khèng-chiok ōaⁿ-kùi-ji̍t. Ōaⁿ-kùi-ji̍t sī chhun-hun chhiu-hun (ji̍t-sî kah àm-mî pêⁿ-tn̂g hit-kang) kah hā-cheh tang-cheh (pak-pòaⁿ-kiû siōng-tè hit-kang/lâm-pòaⁿ-kiû siōng-tn̂g hit-kang) ê tiong-ng hit-kang. M̄-koh iōng hiān-tāi la̍h-ji̍t lâi-khòaⁿ, sù-jian Bān-sèng-cheh sī āu-lé-pài, chin-chiàⁿ ê ōaⁿ-kùi-ji̍t sī koh òaⁿ chit-lé-pài. Lēng-gōa chi̍t-ê ōaⁿ-kùi-ji̍t sī Tek-chhí-ji̍t. Hiān-tāi Bān-sèng-cheh ê khèng-chiok oa̍h-tāng, ū pó-liû kó͘-chá-sî-tāi lī-iōng chhēng-chhah lâi heh-kiaⁿ kòe-sin ê lâng ê hûn-phek, hō͘ in kín cháu ê hong-sio̍k. Chit-pak Ha-peh-thài-khong-bōng-oán-kiàⁿ hip ê Kúi-thâu-seng-hûn, kah chit-ê kó͘-chá-sî-tāi to̍h ū ê cheh-ji̍t ū sù-phòe. Mā kah bàng-kà lāi-té ê ui-lêng ū hah. NGC jī-khoh-pat-khòng si̍t-chè-siōng sī Tōa-be̍h-thiat-lûn-seng-hûn lāi-té ê hêng-chhiⁿ hêng-sêng-khu. Tōa-be̍h-thiat-lûn-seng-hûn sī lán Gîn-hô-hē ê ūi-chhiⁿ seng-hē. Kúi-thâu-seng-hûn (NGC jī-khoh-pat-khòng) chha-put-to ū gō͘-cha̍p kng-nî khoah, tha̍h chit-se̍k mā tú-á hó-sè.

[KIP] Bān-sìng-tseh kah Kuí-thâu-sing-hûn

Bān-sìng-tseh ê khí-guân kah thian-bûn ū-kuan, tsū kóo-tsá-sî-tāi to̍h khai-sí ah. Uì Se-guân tsîng gōo sè-kí khai-sí, Bān-sìng-tseh to̍h sī iōng-lâi khìng-tsiok uānn-kuì-ji̍t. Uānn-kuì-ji̍t sī tshun-hun tshiu-hun (ji̍t-sî kah àm-mî pênn-tn̂g hit-kang) kah hā-tseh tang-tseh (pak-puànn-kiû siōng-tè hit-kang/lâm-puànn-kiû siōng-tn̂g hit-kang) ê tiong-ng hit-kang. M̄-koh iōng hiān-tāi la̍h-ji̍t lâi-khuànn, sù-jian Bān-sìng-tseh sī āu-lé-pài, tsin-tsiànn ê uānn-kuì-ji̍t sī koh uànn tsit-lé-pài. Līng-guā tsi̍t-ê uānn-kuì-ji̍t sī Tik-tshí-ji̍t. Hiān-tāi Bān-sìng-tseh ê khìng-tsiok ua̍h-tāng, ū pó-liû kóo-tsá-sî-tāi lī-iōng tshīng-tshah lâi heh-kiann kuè-sin ê lâng ê hûn-phik, hōo in kín tsáu ê hong-sio̍k. Tsit-pak Ha-peh-thài-khong-bōng-uán-kiànn hip ê Kuí-thâu-sing-hûn, kah tsit-ê kóo-tsá-sî-tāi to̍h ū ê tseh-ji̍t ū sù-phuè. Mā kah bàng-kà lāi-té ê ui-lîng ū hah. NGC jī-khoh-pat-khòng si̍t-tsè-siōng sī Tuā-be̍h-thiat-lûn-sing-hûn lāi-té ê hîng-tshinn hîng-sîng-khu. Tuā-be̍h-thiat-lûn-sing-hûn sī lán Gîn-hô-hē ê uī-tshinn sing-hē. Kuí-thâu-sing-hûn (NGC jī-khoh-pat-khòng) tsha-put-to ū gōo-tsa̍p kng-nî khuah, tha̍h tsit-si̍k mā tú-á hó-sè.

[English] Halloween and the Ghost Head Nebula

Halloween’s origin is ancient and astronomical. Since the fifth century BC, Halloween has been celebrated as a cross-quarter day, a day halfway between an equinox (equal day / equal night) and a solstice (minimum day / maximum night in the northern hemisphere). With a modern calendar however, even though Halloween occurs next week, the real cross-quarter day will occur the week after. Another cross-quarter day is Groundhog Day. Halloween’s modern celebration retains historic roots in dressing to scare away the spirits of the dead. Perhaps a fitting tribute to this ancient holiday is this view of the Ghost Head Nebula taken with the Hubble Space Telescope. Similar to the icon of a fictional ghost, NGC 2080 is actually a star forming region in the Large Magellanic Cloud, a satellite galaxy of our own Milky Way Galaxy. The Ghost Head Nebula (NGC 2080) spans about 50 light-years and is shown in representative colors.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【萬聖節】Bān-sèng-cheh/Bān-sìng-tseh/萬聖節/Halloween
• 【鬼頭星雲】Kúi-thâu-seng-hûn/Kuí-thâu-sing-hûn/鬼頭星雲/the Ghost Head Nebula
• 【換季日】ōaⁿ-kùi-ji̍t/uānn-kuì-ji̍t/換季日/cross-quarter day
• 【竹鼠日】Tek-chhí-ji̍t/Tik-tshí-ji̍t/土撥鼠日/Groundhog Day
• 【大麥哲倫星雲】Tōa-be̍h-thiat-lûn-seng-hûn/Tuā-be̍h-thiat-lûn-sing-hûn/大麥哲倫星雲/the Large Magellanic Cloud
• 【衛星星系】ūi-chhiⁿ-seng-hē/uī-tshinn-sing-hē/衛星星系/satellite galaxy
• 【穿差】chhēng-chhah/tshīng-tshah/穿著/dressing
• 【哈伯太空望遠鏡】Ha-peh-thài-khong-bōng-oán-kiàⁿ/Ha-peh-thài-khong-bōng-uán-kiànn/哈伯太空望遠鏡/Hubble Space Telescope
• 【春分】chhun-hun/tshun-hun/春分/spring equinox
• 【秋分】chhiu-hun/tshiu-hun/秋分/autumn equinox
• 【夏節】hā-cheh/hā-tseh/夏節/summer solstice
• 【冬節】tang-cheh/tang-tseh/冬節/winter solstice
• 【晏】òaⁿ/uànn/晚/later