跳舞 ê 幽靈：活跳星系 ê 彎曲噴流

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：Dancing Ghosts: Curved Jets from Active Galaxies
• 影像來源：Jayanne English & Ray Norris, EMU-ASKAP, DES; Text: Jayanne English (U. Manitoba)
• 天文物理學家：Browse 2,500+ codes in the Astrophysics Source Code Library
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)

[漢羅] 跳舞 ê 幽靈：活跳星系 ê 彎曲噴流

是按怎星系噴–出來 ê 噴流看起來敢若是幽靈？ 而且，是按怎 in 看起來敢若 leh 跳舞？ 這个 ùi 兩个主人 星系（中央頂懸 kah 倒爿下跤）中央 ê 超大質量烏洞 噴–出來 ê 虯毛虯毛 koh 蓬鬆蓬鬆 ê 噴流，以前毋捌看過。 這是天文學家用 澳洲平方公里陣列探路者 (ASKAP) 電波望遠鏡 追蹤星系演化 ê 時陣，ùi 產生 ê 影像資料發現 ê。 Tī 處理 宇宙巡天計畫 ê 演化影像 進前，干焦看著 無定型 ê 光斑。 落尾，kah 發射出來 ê 相對能量 比較了後，發現講，發光 ê 搝長結構是踅磁場線 ê 電子流。 Kah 電波資料 疊 tī 光學影像（暗能量巡天計畫）面頂了後，確定講這个 電子 流是 ùi 活跳星系 ê 中心 來 ê。 一般來講，活跳星系核 (AGN) 應該是產生 直 ê 噴流。 有一个主要 ê 假說是講，會產生這款異常優美 ê 外形，是 ùi 大尺度 星系間 ê 星際風 來 ê。

[POJ] Thiàu-bú ê Iu-lêng: Oa̍h-thiàu-seng-hē ê Oan-khiau-phùn-liû

Sī án-ná seng-hē phùn–chhut-lâi ê phùn-liû khòaⁿ–khí-lâi ká-ná sī iu-lêng? Jî-chhiáⁿ, sī án-ná in khòaⁿ–khí-lâi ká-ná leh thiàu-bú? Chit-ê ùi nn̄g-ê chú-lâng-seng-hē (tiong-ng téng-koân kah tò-pêng ē-kha) tiong-ng ê chhiau-tōa-chit-liōng-o͘-tōng phùn–chhut-lâi ê khiû-mô͘-khiû-mo͘ koh phōng-song-phōng-song ê phùn-liû, í-chêng m̄-bat khòaⁿ-kòe. Che sī thian-bûn-ha̍k-ka iōng Ò-chiu pêng-hong-kong-lí tīn-lia̍t thàm-lō͘-chiá (ASKAP) tiān-pho-bōng-oán-kiàⁿ tui-chong seng-hē ián-hòa ê sî-chūn, ùi sán-seng ê iáⁿ-siōng chu-liāu hoat-hiān ê. Tī chhú-lí Ú-tiū-sûn-thian-kè-ōe ê ián-hòa-iáⁿ-siōng chin-chiàⁿ, kan-na khòaⁿ-tio̍h bô-tēng-hêng ê kng-pan. Lo̍h-bóe, kah hoat-siā chhut-lâi ê siong-tùi lêng-liōng pí-kàu liáu-āu, hoat-hiān-kóng, hoat-kng ê giú-tn̂g kiat-kò͘ sī se̍h chû-tiûⁿ-sòaⁿ ê tiān-chú-liû. Kah tiān-pho-chu-liāu tha̍h tī kng-ha̍k-iáⁿ-siōng (àm-lêng-liōng sûn-thian kè-ōe) bīn-téng liáu-āu, khak-tēng kóng chit-ê tiān-chú-liû sī ùi oa̍h-thiàu-seng-hē ê tiong-sim lâi ê. It-poaⁿ lâi-kóng, Oa̍h-thiàu-seng-hē-he̍k (AGN) eng-kai sī sán-seng ti̍t ê phùn-liû. Ú chi̍t-ê chú-iàu ê ká-soat sī-kóng, ē sán-seng chit-khoán ī-siông iu-bí ê gōa-hêng, sī ùi tōa-chhioh-tō͘ seng-hē-kan ê seng-chè-hong lâi ê.

[KIP] Thiàu-bú ê Iu-lîng: Ua̍h-thiàu-sing-hē ê Uan-khiau-phùn-liû

Sī án-ná sing-hē phùn–tshut-lâi ê phùn-liû khuànn-khí-lâi ká-ná sī iu-lîng? Jî-tshiánn, sī án-ná in khuànn-khí-lâi ká-ná leh thiàu-bú? Tsit-ê uì nn̄g-ê tsú-lâng-sing-hē (tiong-ng tíng-kuân kah tò-pîng ē-kha) tiong-ng ê tshiau-tuā-tsit-liōng-oo-tōng phùn–tshut-lâi ê khiû-môo-khiû-moo koh phōng-song-phōng-song ê phùn-liû, í-tsîng m̄-bat khuànn-kuè. Tse sī thian-bûn-ha̍k-ka iōng Ò-tsiu pîng-hong-kong-lí tīn-lia̍t thàm-lōo-tsiá (ASKAP) tiān-pho-bōng-uán-kiànn tui-tsong sing-hē ián-huà ê sî-tsūn, uì sán-sing ê iánn-siōng tsu-liāu huat-hiān ê. Tī tshú-lí Ú-tiū-sûn-thian-kè-uē ê ián-huà-iánn-siōng tsin-tsiànn, kan-na khuànn-tio̍h bô-tīng-hîng ê kng-pan. Lo̍h-bué, kah huat-siā tshut-lâi ê siong-tuì lîng-liōng pí-kàu liáu-āu, huat-hiān-kóng, huat-kng ê giú-tn̂g kiat-kòo sī se̍h tsû-tiûnn-suànn ê tiān-tsú-liû. Kah tiān-pho-tsu-liāu tha̍h tī kng-ha̍k-iánn-siōng (àm-lîng-liōng sûn-thian kè-uē) bīn-tíng liáu-āu, khak-tīng kóng tsit-ê tiān-tsú-liû sī uì ua̍h-thiàu-sing-hē ê tiong-sim lâi ê. It-puann lâi-kóng, Ua̍h-thiàu-sing-hē-hi̍k (AGN) ing-kai sī sán-sing ti̍t ê phùn-liû. Ú tsi̍t-ê tsú-iàu ê ká-suat sī-kóng, ē sán-sing tsit-khuán ī-siông iu-bí ê guā-hîng, sī uì tuā-tshioh-tōo sing-hē-kan ê sing-tsè-hong lâi ê.

[English] Dancing Ghosts: Curved Jets from Active Galaxies

Why would galaxies emit jets that look like ghosts? And furthermore, why do they appear to be dancing? The curled and fluffy jets from the supermassive black holes at the centers of two host galaxies (top center and lower left) are unlike anything seen before. They were found by astronomers using the Australian Square Kilometer Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) radio telescope when creating maps tracing the evolution of galaxies. Images preceding this Evolutionary Map of the Universe survey only showed amorphous blobs. Eventually, comparisons of relative amounts of energy emitted revealed the glowing elongated structures were created by electrons streaming around magnetic field lines. Overlaying the radio data on an optical view of the sky (Dark Energy Survey) confirmed that the electron streams originated from the centers of active galaxies. Usually such Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) produce straight jets. A leading hypothesis for the geometric origin of these unusually graceful shapes involves the flow of large-scale intergalactic winds.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【活跳星系】oah-thiàu-seng-hē/uah-thiàu-sing-hē/活躍星系/active galaxy
• 【噴流】phùn-liû/phùn-liû/噴流/jet
• 【主人星系】chú-lâng-seng-hē/tsú-lâng-sing-hē/宿主星系/host galaxy
• 【超大質量烏洞】chhiau-tōa-chit-liōng-o͘-tōng/tshiau-tuā-tsit-liōng-oo-tōng/超大質量烏洞/supermassive blackhole
• 【澳洲平方公里陣列探路者】Ò-chiu pêng-hong-kong-lí tīn-lia̍t thàm-lō͘-chiá/Ò-tsiu pîng-hong-kong-lí tīn-lia̍t thàm-lōo-tsiá/澳洲平方公里陣列探路者/the Australian Square Kilometer Array Pathfinder (ASKAP)
• 【電波望遠鏡】tiān-pho bōng-oán-kiàⁿ/tiān-pho bōng-uán-kiànn/電波望遠鏡/radio telescope
• 【宇宙巡天計畫】Ú-tiū-sûn-thian-kè-ōe/Ú-tiū-sûn-thian-kè-uē/宇宙巡天計畫/Universe survey
• 【活跳星系核】Oah-thiàu-seng-hē-he̍k/Uah-thiàu-sing-hē-hi̍k/活躍星系核/Active Galactic Nuclei
• 【星系間 ê 星際風】seng-hē-kan ê seng-chè-hong/sing-hē-kan ê sing-tsè-hong/星系間星際風/intergalactic wind
• 【磁場線】chû-tiûⁿ-sòaⁿ/tsû-tiûnn-suànn/磁場線/magnetic field line
• 【電子流】tiān-chú-liû/tiān-tsú-liû/電子流/electrons streaming
• 【暗能量巡天計畫】àm-lêng-liōng sûn-thian kè-ōe/àm-lîng-liōng sûn-thian kè-uē/暗能量巡天計畫/Dark Energy Survey
• 【假說】ká-soat/ká-suat/假說/hypothesis