島宇宙 kah 宇宙沙

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：Island Universe, Cosmic Sand
• 影像來源 kah 版權：Marzena Rogozinska
• 投稿予 APOD：2021 年 ê 英仙座流星雨
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)

[漢羅] 島宇宙 kah 宇宙沙

咱銀河系內底 ê 恆星 to̍h tī 這个目睭看會著 ê 視野內底四界攏是。 這張是 8 月 13 半暝了後 tī 波蘭 Busko-Zdroj ê 夜空感光 30 秒鐘翕著 ê 英仙座流星 ê 彩色光跡。 逐年攏有英仙座流星，這是 tī 流星上濟彼陣看著 ê。 流星光 ùi 倒爿下跤到正爿頂懸。 宇宙沙噴甲四界攏是，這攏是週期性彗星 Swift-Tuttle ê 沙塗。 In ê 速度是一秒鐘 60 公里緊，迵過地球大氣層 ê 時陣會蒸發。 Tī 這幅圖中央倚正爿頂懸，比銀河系恆星閣較遠 ê 所在，有一个 島宇宙 叫做 M31，嘛叫做仙女座星系。 仙女座星系 是直接用目睭 to̍h 會當看著 ê 上遠 ê 天體，有 2500 萬光年遠。 毋閣咱目睭拄開始看著 ê 流星軌跡，離咱地球表面才 100 公里 遠爾爾。 軌跡尾溜指向 ê 流星雨 輻射點 是 tī 英仙座，to̍h tī 這幅圖 ê 倒爿下跤。 綴這粒足光 ê 英仙座流星 ê 軌跡到倒爿下跤，會當看著英仙座 ê 雙星團 NGC 869 kah NGC 884 ê 恆星。

[POJ] Tó-ú-tiū kah Ú-tiū-soa

Lán Gîn-hô-hē lāi-té ê hêng-chhiⁿ to̍h tī chit-ê ba̍k-chiu khòaⁿ-ē-tio̍h ê sī-iá lāi-té sì-kòe lóng-sī. Chit-tiuⁿ sī poeh goe̍h cha̍p-saⁿ pòaⁿ-mî liáu-āu tī Pho-lân Busko-Zdroj ê iā-khong kám-kng saⁿ-cha̍p bió-cheng hip-tio̍h ê Eng-sian-chō liû-chhiⁿ ê chhái-sek kng-jiah . Ta̍k-nî lóng ū Eng-sian-chō liû-chhiⁿ, che sī tī liû-chhiⁿ siōng-chōe hit-chūn khòaⁿ--tio̍h-ê. Liû-chhiⁿ-kng ùi tò-pêng ē-kha kàu chiàⁿ-pêng téng-koân. Ú-tiū-soa phùn kah sì-kòe lóng-sī, che sī chiu-kî-sèng hūi-chhiⁿ Swift-Tuttle ê soa-thô͘. In ê sok-tō͘ sī chi̍t-bió-cheng la̍k-cha̍p kong-lí kín, thàng-kòe Tē-kiû tōa-khì-chân ê sî-chūn ē cheng-hoat. Tī chit-pak-tô͘ tiong-ng óa chiàⁿ-pêng téng-koân, pí Gîn-hô-hē hêng-chhiⁿ koh-khah hn̄g ê só͘-chāi, ū chi̍t-ê tó-ú-tiū kiò-chò M-saⁿ-cha̍p-it, mā kiò-chò Sian-lú-chō seng-hē. Sian-lú-chō seng-hē sī ti̍t-chiap iōng ba̍k-chiu to̍h ē-tàng khòaⁿ--tio̍h ê siōng-hn̄g ê thian-thé, ū nn̄g-chheng-gō͘-pah-bān kng-nî hn̄g. M̄-koh lán ba̍k-chiu tú khai-sí khòaⁿ-tio̍h ê liû-chhiⁿ kúi-jiah, lî lán Tē-kiû piáu-bīn chiah chi̍t-pah kong-lí hn̄g niā-niā. Kúi-jiah bóe-liu chí-hiòng ê liû-chhiⁿ-hō͘ hok-siā-tiám sī tī Eng-sian-chō, to̍h tī chit-pak-tô͘ ê tò-pêng ē-kha. Tòe chit-lia̍p chiok-kng ê Eng-sian-chō liû-chhiⁿ ê kúi-jiah tò-pêng ē-kha, ē-tàng khòaⁿ-tio̍h Eng-sian-chō ê siang-seng-thoân NGC pat-lio̍k-kiú kah NGC pa̍t-pa̍t-sù ê hêng-chhiⁿ.

[KIP] Tó-ú-tiū kah Ú-tiū-sua

Lán Gîn-hô-hē lāi-té ê hîng-tshinn to̍h tī tsit-ê ba̍k-tsiu khuànn-ē-tio̍h ê sī-iá lāi-té sì-kuè lóng-sī. Tsit-tiunn sī pueh gue̍h tsa̍p-sann puànn-mî liáu-āu tī Pho-lân Busko-Zdroj ê iā-khong kám-kng sann-tsa̍p bió-tsing hip-tio̍h ê Ing-sian-tsō liû-tshinn ê tshái-sik kng-jiah . Ta̍k-nî lóng ū Ing-sian-tsō liû-tshinn, tse sī tī liû-tshinn siōng-tsuē hit-tsūn khuànn--tio̍h-ê. Liû-tshinn-kng uì tò-pîng ē-kha kàu tsiànn-pîng tíng-kuân. Ú-tiū-sua phùn kah sì-kuè lóng-sī, tse sī tsiu-kî-sìng huī-tshinn Swift-Tuttle ê sua-thôo. In ê sok-tōo sī tsi̍t-bió-tsing la̍k-tsa̍p kong-lí kín, thàng-kuè Tē-kiû tuā-khì-tsân ê sî-tsūn ē tsing-huat. Tī tsit-pak-tôo tiong-ng uá tsiànn-pîng tíng-kuân, pí Gîn-hô-hē hîng-tshinn koh-khah hn̄g ê sóo-tsāi, ū tsi̍t-ê tó-ú-tiū kiò-tsò M-sann-tsa̍p-it, mā kiò-tsò Sian-lú-tsō sing-hē. Sian-lú-tsō sing-hē sī ti̍t-tsiap iōng ba̍k-tsiu to̍h ē-tàng khuànn--tio̍h ê siōng-hn̄g ê thian-thé, ū nn̄g-tshing-gōo-pah-bān kng-nî hn̄g. M̄-koh lán ba̍k-tsiu tú khai-sí khuànn-tio̍h ê liû-tshinn kuí-jiah, lî lán Tē-kiû piáu-bīn tsiah tsi̍t-pah kong-lí hn̄g niā-niā. Kuí-jiah bué-liu tsí-hiòng ê liû-tshinn-hōo hok-siā-tiám sī tī Ing-sian-tsō, to̍h tī tsit-pak-tôo ê tò-pîng ē-kha. Tuè tsit-lia̍p tsiok-kng ê Ing-sian-tsō liû-tshinn ê kuí-jiah tò-pîng ē-kha, ē-tàng khuànn-tio̍h Ing-sian-tsō ê siang-sing-thuân NGC pat-lio̍k-kiú kah NGC pa̍t-pa̍t-sù ê hîng-tshinn.

[English] Island Universe, Cosmic Sand

Stars in our own Milky Way Galaxy are scattered through this eye-catching field of view. From the early hours after midnight on August 13, the 30 second exposure of the night sky over Busko-Zdroj, Poland records the colorful and bright trail of a Perseid meteor. Seen near the peak of the annual Perseid meteor shower it flashes from lower left to upper right. The hurtling grain of cosmic sand, a piece of dust from periodic comet Swift-Tuttle, vaporized as it passed through planet Earth's atmosphere at almost 60 kilometers per second. Just above and right of center, well beyond the stars of the Milky Way, lies the island universe known as M31 or the Andromeda galaxy. The Andromeda Galaxy is the most distant object easily visible to the naked-eye, about 2.5 million light-years away. The visible meteor trail begins only about 100 kilometers above Earth's surface, though. It points back to the meteor shower radiant in the constellation Perseus off the lower left edge of the frame. Follow this bright perseid meteor trail below and left to the stars of NGC 869 and NGC 884, the double star cluster in Perseus.

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