彩色 ê 色光：環形星雲 kah 邊仔 ê 恆星

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：Colors: Ring Nebula versus Stars
• 影像來源：Robert Vanderbei (Princeton U.)
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)

[漢羅] 彩色 ê 色光：環形星雲 kah 邊仔 ê 恆星

毋知你敢會當看著這个環面頂所有 ê 色光 kah 伊邊仔 ê 恆星？ 這馬有技術做會到。 這張影像 展示用類 稜鏡 繞射光柵 技術翕著 ê 環形星雲 (M57) kah 邊仔 ê 恆星。 環形星雲 干焦看幾擺爾爾，因為伊主要發出 ê 色光較少。 兩款上光 ê 發射色光是 水素（紅色）kah 酸素（藍色）。 In to̍h tī 影像中央倒爿，giōng-欲疊做伙。 這張影像 ê 中央正爿，是定定看會著 ê 多色合成圖標。 另外一方面，恆星發出大部份 ê 光，攏 tī 可見光 ê 光譜 範圍內底。 Kā 這寡恆星 ê 色光 疊做伙，to̍h 會產生一條連紲光巡。 這 to̍h 是恆星出現 ê 時陣，邊仔閣有彩色光巡 ê 原因。 Kā 天體無仝 ê 色光拆開，是 科學上足有路用 ê 做法。 因為咱會當知影這个天體是 ùi 啥物 元素 組成 ê，伊 ê 運動速度有 偌緊，伊 ê 距離有 偌遠。

[POJ] Chhái-sek ê se̍k-kng: Khoân-hêng seng-hûn kah piⁿ-á ê hêng-chhiⁿ

M̄-chai lí kám ē-tàng khòaⁿ-tio̍h chit-ê khoân bīn-téng só͘-ū ê se̍k-kng kah i piⁿ-á ê hêng-chhiⁿ? Chit-má ū ki-su̍t chò-ē-kàu. Chit-tiuⁿ iáⁿ-siōng tiān-sī iōng lūi-lêng-kiàⁿ jiàu-siā kng-sa ki-su̍t hip-tio̍h ê Khoân-hêng seng-hûn (M57) kah piⁿ-á ê hêng-chhiⁿ. Khoân-hêng seng-hûn kan-na khòaⁿ kúi-pái niā-niā, in-ūi i chú-iàu hoat-chhut ê se̍k-kng khah-chió. Nn̄g-khoán siōng-kng ê hoat-siā se̍k-kng sī chúi-sò͘ (âng-sek) kah sng-sò͘ (nâ-sek). In to̍h tī iáⁿ-siōng tiong-ng tò-pêng, giōng-beh tha̍h chò-hóe. Chit-tiuⁿ iáⁿ-siōng ê tiong-ng chiàⁿ-pêng,sī tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ khòaⁿ-ē-tio̍h ê to-se̍k ha̍p-sêng tô͘-piau. Lēng-gōa chi̍t-hong-bīn, hêng-chhiⁿ hoat-chhut tōa-pō͘-hūn ê kng, lóng tī khó-kiàn-kng ê kng-phó͘ hoān-ûi lāi-té. Kā chit-kóa hêng-chhiⁿ ê se̍k-kng tha̍h chò-hóe, to̍h ē sán-seng chi̍t-tiâu liân-sòa kng-sûn. Che to̍h sī hêng-chhiⁿ chhut-hiān ê sî-chūn, piⁿ-á koh-ū chhái-sek kng-sûn ê goân-in. Kā thian-thé bô-kâng ê se̍k-kng thiah-khui, sī kho-ha̍k siōng chiok ū lō͘-iōng ê chò-hoat. In-ūi lán ē-tàng chai-iáⁿ chi̍t-ê thian-thé sī ùi siáⁿ-mih goân-sò͘ cho͘-sêng ê, i ê ūn-tōng sok-tō͘ ū gōa kín, i ê kū-lî ū gōa hn̄g.

[KIP] Tshái-sik ê si̍k-kng: Khuân-hîng sing-hûn kah pinn-á ê hîng-tshinn

M̄-tsai lí kám ē-tàng khuànn-tio̍h tsit-ê khuân bīn-tíng sóo-ū ê si̍k-kng kah i pinn-á ê hîng-tshinn? Tsit-má ū ki-su̍t tsò-ē-kàu. Tsit-tiunn iánn-siōng tiān-sī iōng luī-lîng-kiànn jiàu-siā kng-sa ki-su̍t hip-tio̍h ê Khuân-hîng sing-hûn (M̄) kah pinn-á ê hîng-tshinn. Khuân-hîng sing-hûn kan-na khuànn kuí-pái niā-niā, in-uī i tsú-iàu huat-tshut ê si̍k-kng khah-tsió. Nn̄g-khuán siōng-kng ê huat-siā si̍k-kng sī tsuí-sòo (âng-sik) kah sng-sòo (nâ-sik). In to̍h tī iánn-siōng tiong-ng tò-pîng, giōng-beh tha̍h tsò-hué. Tsit-tiunn iánn-siōng ê tiong-ng tsiànn-pîng,sī tiānn-tiānn khuànn-ē-tio̍h ê to-si̍k ha̍p-sîng tôo-piau. Līng-guā tsi̍t-hong-bīn, hîng-tshinn huat-tshut tuā-pōo-hūn ê kng, lóng tī khó-kiàn-kng ê kng-phóo huān-uî lāi-té. Kā tsit-kuá hîng-tshinn ê si̍k-kng tha̍h tsò-hué, to̍h ē sán-sing tsi̍t-tiâu liân-suà kng-sûn. Tse to̍h sī hîng-tshinn tshut-hiān ê sî-tsūn, pinn-á koh-ū tshái-sik kng-sûn ê guân-in. Kā thian-thé bô-kâng ê si̍k-kng thiah-khui, sī kho-ha̍k siōng tsiok ū lōo-iōng ê tsò-huat. In-uī lán ē-tàng tsai-iánn tsi̍t-ê thian-thé sī uì siánn-mih guân-sòo tsoo-sîng ê, i ê ūn-tōng sok-tōo ū guā kín, i ê kū-lî ū guā hn̄g.

[English] Colors: Ring Nebula versus Stars

What if you could see, separately, all the colors of the Ring? And of the surrounding stars? There’s technology for that. The featured image shows the Ring Nebula (M57) and nearby stars through such technology: in this case, a prism-like diffraction grating. The Ring Nebula is seen only a few times because it emits light, primarily, in only a few colors. The two brightest emitted colors are hydrogen red and oxygen (blue), appearing as nearly overlapping images to the left of the image center. The image just to the right of center is the color-combined icon normally seen. Stars, on the other hand, emit most of their light in colors all across the visible spectrum. These colors, combined, make a nearly continuous streak – which is why stars appear accompanied by multicolored bars. Breaking object light up into colors is scientifically useful because it can reveal the elements that compose that object, how fast that object is moving, and how distant that object is.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【類稜鏡繞射光柵】lūi-lêng-kiàⁿ jiàu-siā kng-sa/luī-lîng-kiànn jiàu-siā kng-sa/類稜鏡繞射光柵/prism-like diffraction grating
• 【環形星雲】Khoân-hêng seng-hûn/Khuân-hîng sing-hûn/環形星雲/Ring Nebula
• 【水素】chúi-sò͘/tsuí-sòo/氫/hydrogen
• 【酸素】sng-sò͘/sng-sò͘/氧/oxygen
• 【可見光】khó-kiàn-kng/khó-kiàn-kng/可見光/visible light