仙后座內底一个足光 ê 新星

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：A Bright Nova in Cassiopeia
• 影像來源 kah 版權：Chuck Ayoub
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)

[漢羅] 仙后座內底一个足光 ê 新星

仙后座內底彼粒新 ê 光點是啥物？是新星啦！ 雖然講 新星 定定出現 tī 宇宙內底，毋閣這粒叫做 Cas 2021 抑是 V1405 Cas ê 新星，頂個月 tī 地球 ê 天頂變足足足光 ê，光到 直接用目睭 to̍h 看有。 新星 Cas 2021 上早是 tī 三月中變光 ê，閣較予人想袂到 ê 是，伊 tī 五月中連紲一禮拜，又閣 變閣較光矣。 這粒新星隨閣變暗去，轉去到五月初 ê 光度。 毋閣這馬又閣小可仔變較光矣，而且用雙筒望遠鏡 to̍h 看會著。 箭頭比 ê 彼搭，to̍h 是這粒新星出現 ê 所在。 伊 to̍h tī 仙后座 ê 方向，離 氣波星雲 袂傷遠。 新星是 ùi 白矮星演化來 ê。 白矮星是 雙星系統 內底 ê 其中一粒，伊 ùi 伊 ê 星伴 吸積物質，落尾產生 熱核爆炸，ùi 白矮星 表面 噴出來。 毋閣這个爆發 ê 詳細狀況，咱這馬猶毋是真清楚。 新星 ê 產生袂毀滅本底 ê 恆星，而且 有一寡仔會閣再爆發。 這張影像 是 tī 美國 Michigan 州 Detroit 市 翕–ê，是 kā 14 點鐘久 ê 影像疊做伙 ê。 專業天文學家 kah 業餘天文學家會繼續監看 新星 Cas 2021，嘛會 用假說來解說 造成這个現象 ê 詳細理由。

[POJ] Sian-hiō-chō lāi-té chi̍t-ê chiok-kng ê Sin-seng

Sian-hiō-chō lāi-té hit-lia̍p sin–ê kng-tiám sī siáⁿ-mih? Sī Sin-seng la̍h! Sui-jiân kóng Sin-seng tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ chhut-hiān tī ú-tiū lāi-té, m̄-koh chi̍t-lia̍p kiò-chò Cas jī-khòng-jī-it iah-sī V it-sù-khòng-ngó͘ Cas ê Sin-seng, téng-kò-goe̍h tī Tē-kiû ê thiⁿ-téng piàn chiok-chiok-chiok kng–ê, kng kàu ti̍t-chiap iōng ba̍k-chiu to̍h khòaⁿ-ū. Sin-seng Cas jī-khòng-jī-it siōng-chá sī tī saⁿ-goe̍h-tiong piàn kng–ê, koh-khah hō͘ lâng siūⁿ-bē-tio̍h ê sī , i tī gō͘-goe̍h-tiong liân-sòa chit-lé-pài, iū-koh piàn khah-kng ah. Chi̍t-lia̍p Sin-seng sûi koh piàn àm-khì, tńg-khì kàu gō͘-goe̍h-chhe ê kng-tō͘. M̄-koh chit-má iū-koh sió-khóa-á piàn khah-kng ah, jî-chhiáⁿ iōng siang-tâng bōng-oán-kiàⁿ to̍h khòaⁿ-ē-tio̍h. Chìⁿ-thâu pí ê hit-tah, to̍h sī chit-lia̍p Sin-seng chhut-hiān ê só͘-chāi. I to̍h tī Sian-hiō-chō ê hong-hiòng, lî Khì-pho seng-hûn bōe siūⁿ hn̄g. Sin-seng sī ùi Pe̍h-é-chhiⁿ ián-hòa lâi–ê. Pe̍h-é-chhiⁿ sī siang-chhiⁿ hē-thóng lāi-té ê kî-tiong chi̍t-lia̍p, i ùi i ê seng-phōaⁿ khip-chek bu̍t-chit, lo̍h-bóe sán-seng jia̍t-he̍k po̍k-chà, ùi Pe̍h-é-chhiⁿ piáu-bīn phùn–chhut-lâi. M̄-koh chit-ê po̍k-hoat ê siông-sè chōng-hóng, lán chit-má iáu m̄-sī chin chheng-chhó͘. Sin-seng ê sán-seng bōe húi-bia̍t pún-té ê hêng-chhiⁿ, jî-chhiáⁿ ū chi̍t-kóa-á ē koh-chài po̍k-hoat. Chit-tiuⁿ iáⁿ-siōng sī tī Bí-kok Michigan chiu Detroit chhī hip–ê, sī kā cha̍p-sì tiám-cheng kú ê iáⁿ-siōng tha̍h chò-hóe ê. Choan-gia̍p thian-bûn-ha̍k-ka kah gia̍p-û thian-bûn-ha̍k-ka ē kè-sio̍k kàm-khòaⁿ Sin-seng Cas jī-khòng-jī-it, mā-ē iōng ká-soat lâi kái-soeh chō-sêng chit-ê hiān-siōng ê siông-sè lí-iû.

[KIP] Sian-hiō-tsō lāi-té tsi̍t-ê tsiok-kng ê Sin-sing

Sian-hiō-tsō lāi-té hit-lia̍p sin–ê kng-tiám sī siánn-mih? Sī Sin-sing la̍h! Sui-jiân kóng Sin-sing tiānn-tiānn tshut-hiān tī ú-tiū lāi-té, m̄-koh tsi̍t-lia̍p kiò-tsò Cas jī-khòng-jī-it iah-sī V it-sù-khòng-ngóo Cas ê Sin-sing, tíng-kò-gue̍h tī Tē-kiû ê thinn-tíng piàn tsiok-tsiok-tsiok kng–ê, kng kàu ti̍t-tsiap iōng ba̍k-tsiu to̍h khuànn-ū. Sin-sing Cas jī-khòng-jī-it siōng-tsá sī tī sann-gue̍h-tiong piàn kng–ê, koh-khah hōo lâng siūnn-bē-tio̍h ê sī , i tī gōo-gue̍h-tiong liân-suà tsit-lé-pài, iū-koh piàn khah-kng ah. Tsi̍t-lia̍p Sin-sing suî koh piàn àm-khì, tńg-khì kàu gōo-gue̍h-tshe ê kng-tōo. M̄-koh tsit-má iū-koh sió-khuá-á piàn khah-kng ah, jî-tshiánn iōng siang-tâng bōng-uán-kiànn to̍h khuànn-ē-tio̍h. Tsìnn-thâu pí ê hit-tah, to̍h sī tsit-lia̍p Sin-sing tshut-hiān ê sóo-tsāi. I to̍h tī Sian-hiō-tsō ê hong-hiòng, lî Khì-pho sing-hûn buē siūnn hn̄g. Sin-sing sī uì Pe̍h-é-tshinn ián-huà lâi–ê. Pe̍h-é-tshinn sī siang-tshinn hē-thóng lāi-té ê kî-tiong tsi̍t-lia̍p, i uì i ê sing-phuānn khip-tsik bu̍t-tsit, lo̍h-bué sán-sing jia̍t-hi̍k po̍k-tsà, uì Pe̍h-é-tshinn piáu-bīn phùn–tshut-lâi. M̄-koh tsit-ê po̍k-huat ê siông-sè tsōng-hóng, lán tsit-má iáu m̄-sī tsin tshing-tshóo. Sin-sing ê sán-sing buē huí-bia̍t pún-té ê hîng-tshinn, jî-tshiánn ū tsi̍t-kuá-á ē koh-tsài po̍k-huat. Tsit-tiunn iánn-siōng sī tī Bí-kok Mitsigan tsiu Detroit tshī hip–ê, sī kā tsa̍p-sì tiám-tsing kú ê iánn-siōng tha̍h tsò-hué ê. Tsuan-gia̍p thian-bûn-ha̍k-ka kah gia̍p-û thian-bûn-ha̍k-ka ē kè-sio̍k kàm-khuànn Sin-sing Cas jī-khòng-jī-it, mā-ē iōng ká-suat lâi kái-sueh tsō-sîng tsit-ê hiān-siōng ê siông-sè lí-iû.

[English] A Bright Nova in Cassiopeia

What’s that new spot of light in Cassiopeia? A nova. Although novas occur frequently throughout the universe, this nova, known as Nova Cas 2021 or V1405 Cas, became so unusually bright in the skies of Earth last month that it was visible to the unaided eye. Nova Cas 2021 first brightened in mid-March but then, unexpectedly, became even brighter in mid-May and remained quite bright for about a week. The nova then faded back to early-May levels, but now is slightly brightening again and remains visible through binoculars. Identified by the arrow, the nova occurred toward the constellation of Cassiopeia, not far from the Bubble Nebula. A nova is typically caused by a thermonuclear explosion on the surface of a white dwarf star that is accreting matter from a binary-star companion – although details of this outburst are currently unknown. Novas don’t destroy the underlying star, and are sometimes seen to recur. The featured image was created from 14 hours of imaging from Detroit, Michigan, USA. Both professional and amateur astronomers will likely continue to monitor Nova Cas 2021 and hypothesize about details of its cause.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【仙后座】Sian-hiō-chō/Sian-hiō-tsō/仙后座/the constellation of Cassiopeia
• 【新星】Sin-seng/Sin-sing/新星/Nova
• 【雙筒望遠鏡】siang-tâng bōng-oán-kiàⁿ/siang-tâng bōng-uán-kiànn/雙筒望遠鏡/binoculars
• 【箭頭】chìⁿ-thâu/tsìnn-thâu/箭頭/arrow
• 【氣波星雲】Khì-pho seng-hûn/Khì-pho sing-hûn/氣泡星雲/Bubble Nebular
• 【白矮星】Pe̍h-é-chhiⁿ/Pe̍h-é-tshinn/白矮星/White Dwarf
• 【星伴】seng-phōaⁿ/sing-phuānn/星伴/companion star
• 【吸積物質】khip-chek bu̍t-chit/khip-tsek bu̍t-chit/吸積物質/accreting matter
• 【熱核爆炸】jia̍t-he̍k po̍k-chà/jia̍t-hi̍k po̍k-tsà/熱核爆炸/thermonuclear explosion
• 【業餘】gia̍p-û/gia̍p-û/業餘/amateur
• 【假說】ká-soat/ká-suat/假說/hypothesis