流星 kah 對日照

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：A Meteor and the Gegenschein
• 影像來源：J.C. Casado, StarryEarth, EELabs, TWAN
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)

[漢羅] 流星 kah 對日照

Tī 夜空內底，太陽 ê 相對面敢是上暗 ê 所在？ 無喔！實際上，tī 烏墨墨 ê 夜空 內底，太陽 180 度遠 ê 所在，看會著一个較罕得看著 ê 現象。 彼是一个較暗 ê 光，to̍h 叫做 對日照（是 ùi 德國話來的，意思是「反向 ê 光」）。 對日照是太陽光 tī 地球後壁散射一寡細粒 ê 行星間 塗粉 粒產生 ê。 這寡塗粉粒 ê 寸尺差不多是毫米大，是 ùi 小行星 kah 行星 leh 行 ê 黃道面 面頂 ê 石屑仔來 ê。 這張相片 是舊年 3 月翕–ê。 是有史以來翕過 ê 對日照 相片內底，上壯觀 ê 其中一張。 這是 tùi 西班牙 Canary 島 Teide 天文台 天頂這个烏墨墨 ê 夜空長時間感光翕–ê。 看會著 對日照 是搝長 ê 黃道光 ê 一部份。 咱閣會當注意著，背景星有 較光 ê 流星（倒爿）、北斗星（正爿頂懸）、kah 北極星（tī 正爿上邊仔）。 流星落落來 ê 方向是 Teide 山，伊是西班牙上懸 ê 山。 你閣看會著 tī 正手爿 ê 金字塔太陽實驗室。 Tī 這工，你嘛會當 tī 飛龍機面頂看著一个 kah 對日照 欲仝 ê 現象，叫做 觀音圈。 這是反射 太陽 對面 ê 空氣 kah 雲產生 ê 現象。

[POJ] Liû-chhiⁿ kah Tùi-ji̍t-chiò

Tī iā-khong lāi-té, Thài-iông ê sio-tùi-bīn kám-sī siōng àm ê só͘-chāi? Bô o͘h! Si̍t-chè-siōng, tī o͘-ba̍k-ba̍k ê iā-khong lāi-té, Thài-iông chi̍t-pah-poeh-cha̍p tō͘ hn̄g ê só͘-chāi, khòaⁿ-ē-tio̍h chi̍t-ê khah hán-tek khòaⁿ-tio̍h ê hiān-siōng. He sī chi̍t-ê khah àm ê kng, to̍h kiò-chò Tùi-ji̍t-chiò (sī ùi Tek-kok-ōe lâi–ê, ì-sù sī “Hoán-hiòng ê kng”). Tùi-ji̍t-chiò sī Thài-iông-kng tī Tē-kiû āu-piah sàn-siā chi̍t-kóa sè-lia̍p ê kiâⁿ-chhiⁿ-kan thô͘-hún-lia̍p sán-seng ê. Chit-kóa thô͘-hún-lia̍p ê chhùn-chhioh chha-put-to sī hô-bí tōa, sī ùi sió-kiâⁿ-chhiⁿ kah kiâⁿ-chhiⁿ leh kiâⁿ ê n̂g-tō-bīn bīn-téng ê chio̍h-sap-á lâi ê. Chit-tiuⁿ siòng-phìⁿ sī kū-nî saⁿ goe̍h hip–ê. Sī iú-sú-í-lâi hip-kòe ê tùi-ji̍t-chiò siòng-phìⁿ lāi-té, siōng chòng-koan ê kî-tiong chi̍t-tiuⁿ. Che sī tùi Se-pan-gâ Canary tó Teide thian-bûn-tâi thiⁿ-téng chi̍t-ê o͘-ba̍k-ba̍k ê iā-khong tn̂g-sî-kan kám-kng hip–ê. Khòaⁿ-ē-tio̍h tùi-ji̍t-chiò sī giú-tn̂g ê n̂g-tō-kng ê chi̍t-pō͘-hūn. Lán koh ē-tàng chù-ì tio̍h, pōe-kéng ū khah kng ê liû-chhiⁿ (tò-pêng), Pak-táu-chhiⁿ (chiàⁿ-pêng téng-koân), kah Pak-ke̍k-chhiⁿ (tī chiàⁿ-pêng siōng piⁿ-á). Liû-chhiⁿ lak–lo̍h-lâi ê hong-hiòng sī Teide soaⁿ, i sī Se-pan-gâ siōng-koân ê soaⁿ. Lí koh khòaⁿ-ē-tio̍h tī chiàⁿ-chhiú-pêng ê Kim-jī-thah Thài-iông si̍t-giām-sek. Tī chit-kang, lí mā ē-tàng tī hui-lêng-ki bīn-téng khòaⁿ-tio̍h chi̍t-ê kah tùi-ji̍t-chiò beh kâng ê hiān-siōng, kiò-chò Koan-im-khoan. Che sī hoán-siā Thài-iông tùi-bīn ê khong-khì kah hûn sán-seng ê hiān-siōng.

[KIP] Liû-tshinn kah Tuì-ji̍t-tsiò

Tī iā-khong lāi-té, Thài-iông ê sio-tuì-bīn kám-sī siōng àm ê sóo-tsāi? Bô ooh! Si̍t-tsè-siōng, tī oo-ba̍k-ba̍k ê iā-khong lāi-té, Thài-iông tsi̍t-pah-pueh-tsa̍p tōo hn̄g ê sóo-tsāi, khuànn-ē-tio̍h tsi̍t-ê khah hán-tik khuànn-tio̍h ê hiān-siōng. He sī tsi̍t-ê khah àm ê kng, to̍h kiò-tsò Tuì-ji̍t-tsiò (sī uì Tik-kok-uē lâi–ê, ì-sù sī “Huán-hiòng ê kng”). Tuì-ji̍t-tsiò sī Thài-iông-kng tī Tē-kiû āu-piah sàn-siā tsi̍t-kuá sè-lia̍p ê kiânn-tshinn-kan thôo-hún-lia̍p sán-sing ê. Tsit-kuá thôo-hún-lia̍p ê tshùn-tshioh tsha-put-to sī hô-bí tuā, sī uì sió-kiânn-tshinn kah kiânn-tshinn leh kiânn ê n̂g-tō-bīn bīn-tíng ê tsio̍h-sap-á lâi ê. Tsit-tiunn siòng-phìnn sī kū-nî sann gue̍h hip–ê. Sī iú-sú-í-lâi hip-kuè ê tuì-ji̍t-tsiò siòng-phìnn lāi-té, siōng tsòng-kuan ê kî-tiong tsi̍t-tiunn. Tse sī tuì Se-pan-gâ Canary tó Teide thian-bûn-tâi thinn-tíng tsi̍t-ê oo-ba̍k-ba̍k ê iā-khong tn̂g-sî-kan kám-kng hip–ê. Khuànn-ē-tio̍h tuì-ji̍t-tsiò sī giú-tn̂g ê n̂g-tō-kng ê tsi̍t-pōo-hūn. Lán koh ē-tàng tsù-ì tio̍h, puē-kíng ū khah kng ê liû-tshinn (tò-pîng), Pak-táu-tshinn (tsiànn-pîng tíng-kuân), kah Pak-ki̍k-tshinn (tī tsiànn-pîng siōng pinn-á). Liû-tshinn lak–lo̍h-lâi ê hong-hiòng sī Teide suann, i sī Se-pan-gâ siōng-kuân ê suann. Lí koh khuànn-ē-tio̍h tī tsiànn-tshiú-pîng ê Kim-jī-thah Thài-iông si̍t-giām-sik. Tī tsit-kang, lí mā ē-tàng tī hui-lîng-ki bīn-tíng khuànn-tio̍h tsi̍t-ê kah tuì-ji̍t-tsiò beh kâng ê hiān-siōng, kiò-tsò Kuan-im-khuan. Tse sī huán-siā Thài-iông tuì-bīn ê khong-khì kah hûn sán-sing ê hiān-siōng.

[English] A Meteor and the Gegenschein

Is the night sky darkest in the direction opposite the Sun? No. In fact, a rarely discernable faint glow known as the gegenschein (German for “counter glow”) can be seen 180 degrees around from the Sun in an extremely dark sky. The gegenschein is sunlight back-scattered off small interplanetary dust particles. These dust particles are millimeter sized splinters from asteroids and orbit in the ecliptic plane of the planets. Pictured here from last March is one of the more spectacular pictures of the gegenschein yet taken. The deep exposure of an extremely dark sky over Teide Observatory in Spain’s Canary Islands shows the gegenschein as part of extended zodiacal light. Notable background objects include a bright meteor (on the left), the Big Dipper (top right), and Polaris (far right). The meteor nearly points toward Mount Teide, Spain’s highest mountain, while the Pyramid solar laboratory is visible on the right. During the day, a phenomenon like the gegenschein called the glory can be seen in reflecting air or clouds opposite the Sun from an airplane.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【流星】liû-chhiⁿ/liû-tshinn/對日照/Meteor
• 【對日照】Tùi-ji̍t-chiò/Tùi-ji̍t-tsiò/對日照/Gegenschein
• 【小行星】sió-kiâⁿ-chhiⁿ/sió-kiânn-tshinn/小行星/asteroid
• 【行星間塗粉粒】kiâⁿ-chhiⁿ-kan thô͘-hún-lia̍p/kiânn-tshinn-kan thô͘-hún-lia̍p/行星間塗粉粒/interplanetary dust particles
• 【黃道面】n̂g-tō-bīn/n̂g-tō-bīn/黃道面/ecliptic plane
• 【黃道光】n̂g-tō-kng/n̂g-tō-kng/黃道光/zodiacal light
• 【流星】liû-chhiⁿ/liû-tshinn/流星/meteor
• 【北斗星】Pak-táu-chhiⁿ/Pak-táu-tshinn/北斗七星/Big Dipper
• 【北極星】Pak-ke̍k-chhiⁿ/Pak-ki̍k-tshinn/北極星/Polaris
• 【觀音圈】koan-im-khoan/kuan-im-khuan/觀音圈/glory