Tī Azores 頂懸 ê 虹氣輝

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：Rainbow Airglow over the Azores
• 影像來源 kah 版權：Miguel Claro (TWAN); Rollover Annotation: Judy Schmidt
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)

[漢羅] Tī Azores 頂懸 ê 虹氣輝

是按怎天頂 ê 光 to̍h 親像是一个重複 ê 大虹？ 是 氣輝 啦！ 其實這馬天頂一直攏有氣輝，毋過一般來講咱較歹看著。 伊其實是一款亂流，to̍h 親像是風暴，會 tī 地球大氣層 造成真明顯 ê 波痕。 這款 重力波 是空氣內底 ê 震盪。 伊 to̍h kah kā 石頭擲入去平靜 ê 水內底 產生 ê 波痕 sio-siâng。 綴著差不多是 氣輝 ê 坦徛方向做長時間 ê 感光，會當予這个起起落落 ê 結構閣較明顯。 毋過，這寡色光是按怎來 ê？ 深紅色 ê 氣輝可能是 ùi 87 公里懸 ê OH 分子 來 ê，是去予太陽 ê 紫外光 激發 ê。 柑仔色 kah 青色 ê 氣輝 可能是 鈉 kah 酸素 原子小可仔激發 ê。 這張影像 是 tī 葡萄牙 Azores peh 去 Pico 山頂 翕 ê。 地表 ê 光是 ùi 大西洋 Faial 島來 ê。 這个壯觀 ê 天色會當 tī 這个一條一條 ê 氣輝看著。 Tī 影像中央，中央彼條光帶是咱 ê 銀河系。 Tī 倒爿頂懸附近，是 M31，仙女星系。

[POJ] Tī Azores téng-koân ê khēng khì-hui

Sī án-chóaⁿ thiⁿ-téng ê kng to̍h chhin-chhiūⁿ sī chi̍t-ê tiông-ho̍k ê tōa-khēng? Sī khì-hui lah! Kî-si̍t chit-má thiⁿ-téng it-ti̍t lóng ū khì-hui, m̄-koh it-poaⁿ lâi-kóng lán khah pháiⁿ khòaⁿ-tio̍h. I kî-si̍t sī chi̍t-khoán loān-liû, to̍h chhin-chhiūⁿ sī hong-pō, ē tī Tē-kiû tōa-khì-chân chō-sêng chin bêng-hián ê pho-hûn. Chit-khoán tiōng-le̍k-pho sī khong-khì lāi-té ê chìn-tōng. I to̍h kah kā chio̍h-thâu tàn-ji̍p-khì pêng-chēng ê chúi lāi-té sán-seng ê pho-hun sio-siâng. Tóe-tio̍h chha-put-to sī khì-hui ê thán-khiā hong-hiòng chò tn̂g-sî-kan ê kám-kng, ē-tàng hō͘ lâng chit-ê khí-khí-lo̍h-lo̍h ê kiat-kò͘ koh khah bêng-hián. M̄-koh, chit-kóa sek-kng sī án-chóaⁿ lâi–ê? Chhim-âng-sek ê khì-hui khó-lêng sī ùi peh-cha̍p-chhit kong-lí koân ê OH hun-chú lâi ê, sī khì hō͘ thài-iông ê chí-gōa-kng kek-hoat–ê. Kam-á-sek kah chheⁿ-sek ê khì-hui khó-lêng sī la̍p kah sng-sò͘ goân-chú sió-khóa-á kek-hoat–ê. Chit-tiuⁿ iáⁿ-siōng sī tī Phû-tô-gê Azores peh khì Pico soaⁿ-téng hip–ê. Tē-piáu ê kng sī ùi Tāi-se-iûⁿ Faial tó lâi–ê. Chit-ê chòng-koan ê thiⁿ-sek ē-tàng tī chit-ê chi̍t-liâu-chi̍t-liâu ê khì-hui khòaⁿ-tio̍h. Tī iáⁿ-siōng tiong-ng, tiong-ng hit-tiau kng-tòa sī lán ê Gîn-hô-hē. Tī tò-pêng téng-koân hù-kīn, sī M-saⁿ-cha̍p-it, Sian-lú seng-hē.

[KIP] Tī Azores tíng-kuân ê khīng khì-hui

Sī án-tsuánn thinn-tíng ê kng to̍h tshin-tshiūnn sī tsi̍t-ê tiông-ho̍k ê tuā-khīng? Sī khì-hui lah! Kî-si̍t tsit-má thinn-tíng it-ti̍t lóng ū khì-hui, m̄-koh it-puann lâi-kóng lán khah pháinn khuànn-tio̍h. I kî-si̍t sī tsi̍t-khuán luān-liû, to̍h tshin-tshiūnn sī hong-pō, ē tī Tē-kiû tuā-khì-tsân tsō-sîng tsin bîng-hián ê pho-hûn. Tsit-khuán tiōng-li̍k-pho sī khong-khì lāi-té ê tsìn-tōng. I to̍h kah kā tsio̍h-thâu tàn-ji̍p-khì pîng-tsīng ê tsuí lāi-té sán-sing ê pho-hun sio-siâng. Tué-tio̍h tsha-put-to sī khì-hui ê thán-khiā hong-hiòng tsò tn̂g-sî-kan ê kám-kng, ē-tàng hōo lâng tsit-ê khí-khí-lo̍h-lo̍h ê kiat-kòo koh khah bîng-hián. M̄-koh, tsit-kuá sik-kng sī án-tsuánn lâi–ê? Tshim-âng-sik ê khì-hui khó-lîng sī uì peh-tsa̍p-tshit kong-lí kuân ê OH hun-tsú lâi ê, sī khì hōo thài-iông ê tsí-guā-kng kik-huat–ê. Kam-á-sik kah tshenn-sik ê khì-hui khó-lîng sī la̍p kah sng-sòo guân-tsú sió-khuá-á kik-huat–ê. Tsit-tiunn iánn-siōng sī tī Phû-tô-gê Azores peh khì Pico suann-tíng hip–ê. Tē-piáu ê kng sī uì Tāi-se-iûnn Faial tó lâi–ê. Tsit-ê tsòng-kuan ê thinn-sik ē-tàng tī tsit-ê tsi̍t-liâu-tsi̍t-liâu ê khì-hui khuànn-tio̍h. Tī iánn-siōng tiong-ng, tiong-ng hit-tiau kng-tuà sī lán ê Gîn-hô-hē. Tī tò-pîng tíng-kuân hù-kīn, sī M-sann-tsa̍p-it, Sian-lú sing-hē.

[English] Rainbow Airglow over the Azores

Why would the sky glow like a giant repeating rainbow? Airglow. Now air glows all of the time, but it is usually hard to see. A disturbance however – like an approaching storm – may cause noticeable rippling in the Earth’s atmosphere. These gravity waves are oscillations in air analogous to those created when a rock is thrown in calm water. The long-duration exposure nearly along the vertical walls of airglow likely made the undulating structure particularly visible. OK, but where do the colors originate? The deep red glow likely originates from OH molecules about 87-kilometers high, excited by ultraviolet light from the Sun. The orange and green airglow is likely caused by sodium and oxygen atoms slightly higher up. The featured image was captured during a climb up Mount Pico in the Azores of Portugal. Ground lights originate from the island of Faial in the Atlantic Ocean. A spectacular sky is visible through this banded airglow, with the central band of our Milky Way Galaxy running up the image center, and M31, the Andromeda Galaxy, visible near the top left.

詞彙學習（漢羅/POJ/KIP/華語/English）

• 【虹氣輝】khēng khì-hui/khīng khì-hui/彩虹氣輝/rainbow airglow
• 【坦徛方向】thán-khiā hong-hiòng/thán-khiā hong-hiòng/垂直方向/vertical wall