NEOWISE 彗星 ê 三條尾溜

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你³解說⁴。

• 原始文章：Three Tails of Comet NEOWISE
• 影像來源 kah 版權：Nicolas Lefaudeux
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)
• Ùi 天文物理學家 ê 訊息：Browse 2,400+ codes in the Astrophysics Source Code Library

[漢羅] NEOWISE 彗星 ê 三條尾溜

是啥物予 NEOWISE 彗星產生這个特別 ê 紅色尾溜？是 鈉！ Tī 2020 年熱天 ê 時陣，NEOWISE 彗星出現媠甲 予人感動 ê 景色。 有白色 花逝 ê 塗粉尾溜 kah 藍色 貓貓 ê 離子尾溜。 一寡 tùi 色光較敏感 ê 影像會有特別 ê 紅色尾溜。 分析了後知影, 這个第三條尾溜 ê 色光，是 ùi 鈉發射來--ê。 Tī 7 月初 ê 時陣，NEOWISE 彗星 去予較光 ê 太陽光照予燒。 氣體內底有足濟 ê 鈉原子，可能會 ùi 彗星核釋放出來。 紲落來會 ùi 紫外光 提著電子，閣去予 太陽風 吹出來。 這个影像 是 7 月中 tī 法國 Brittany 翕--ê，看會著紅色 ê 尾溜。 彗星 ê 鈉元素尾溜 以前捌看過，毋過 足罕得看。 這个尾溜 tī 7 月底 to̍h 消失矣。 現此時 彗星 C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE) 已經 失去光彩，伊 ê 尾溜攏無去矣。 伊這馬已經行倚到 木星 軌道附近，欲轉去外部 太陽系 ê 路 lih。 後一擺閣轉來 ê 時陣，已經是 7000 年以後 ê 代誌矣。

[POJ] NEOWISE hūi-chhiⁿ ê saⁿ-tiâu bóe-liu

Sī siáⁿ-mih hō͘ NEOWISE hūi-chhiⁿ sán-seng chi̍t-ê te̍k-pia̍t ê âng-sek bóe-liu? Sī la̍p! Tī jī-khòng-jī-khòng nî joa̍h-thiⁿ ê sî-chūn, NEOWISE hūi-chhiⁿ chhut-hiān súi-kah hō͘-lâng kám-tōng ê kéng-sek. Ū pe̍h-sek hoe-chōa ê thô͘-hún bóe-liu kah nâ-sek niau-niau-ê lî-chú bóe-liu. Chi̍t-kóa tùi se̍k-kng khah bín-kám ê iáⁿ-siōng ē ū te̍k-pia̍t ê âng-sek bóe-liu. Hun-sek liáu-āu chai-iáⁿ, chit-ê tē-saⁿ-tiâu bóe-liu ê se̍k-kng, sī ùi la̍p hoat-siā lâi--ê. Tī chhit-goe̍h-chhe ê sî-chūn, NEOWISE hūi-chhiⁿ khì-hō͘ khah-kng ê thài-iông chiò hō͘ sio. Khì-thé lāi-té ū chiok-chē ê la̍p-goân-chú, khó-lêng ē ùi hūi-chhiⁿ-he̍k sek-hòng--chhut-lâi. Sòa--lo̍h-lâi ē ùi chí-gōa-kng the̍h-tio̍h tiān-chú, koh khì-hō͘ thài-iông-hong chhoe--chhut-lâi. Chit-ê iáⁿ-siōng sī chhit-goe̍h-tiong tī Hoat-kok Brittany hip--ê, khòaⁿ-ē-tio̍h âng-sek ê bóe-liu. Hūi-chhiⁿ ê la̍p-goân-sò͘ bóe-liu í-chêng bat khòaⁿ-kàu, m̄-koh chiok hán-tit khòaⁿ-tio̍h. Chit-ê bóe-liu tī chhit-goe̍h-té to̍h siau-sit ah. Hiān-chú-sî hūi-chhiⁿ C/jī-khòng-jī-khòng F-saⁿ (NEOWISE) í-keng sit-khì kong-chhái, i ê bóe-liu lóng bô--khì ah. I chit-má í-keng kiâⁿ-óa-kàu Bo̍k-chhiⁿ kúi-tō hū-kīn, beh tńg-khì gōa-pō͘ thài-iông-hē ê lō͘ lih. Āu chi̍t-pái koh tńg-lâi ê sî-chūn, í-keng sī chhit-chheng-nî í-āu ê tāi-chì ah.

[KIP] NEOWISE huī-tshinn ê sann-tiâu bué-liu

Sī siánn-mih hōo NEOWISE huī-tshinn sán-sing tsi̍t-ê ti̍k-pia̍t ê âng-sik bué-liu? Sī la̍p! Tī jī-khòng-jī-khòng nî jua̍h-thinn ê sî-tsūn, NEOWISE huī-tshinn tshut-hiān suí-kah hōo-lâng kám-tōng ê kíng-sik. Ū pe̍h-sik hue-tsuā ê thôo-hún bué-liu kah nâ-sik niau-niau-ê lî-tsú bué-liu. Tsi̍t-kuá tuì si̍k-kng khah bín-kám ê iánn-siōng ē ū ti̍k-pia̍t ê âng-sik bué-liu. Hun-sik liáu-āu tsai-iánn, tsit-ê tē-sann-tiâu bué-liu ê si̍k-kng, sī uì la̍p huat-siā lâi--ê. Tī tshit-gue̍h-tshe ê sî-tsūn, NEOWISE huī-tshinn khì-hōo khah-kng ê thài-iông tsiò hōo sio. Khì-thé lāi-té ū tsiok-tsē ê la̍p-guân-tsú, khó-lîng ē uì huī-tshinn-hi̍k sik-hòng--tshut-lâi. Suà--lo̍h-lâi ē uì tsí-guā-kng the̍h-tio̍h tiān-tsú, koh khì-hōo thài-iông-hong tshue--tshut-lâi. Tsit-ê iánn-siōng sī tshit-gue̍h-tiong tī Huat-kok Brittany hip--ê, khuànn-ē-tio̍h âng-sik ê bué-liu. Huī-tshinn ê la̍p-guân-sòo bué-liu í-tsîng bat khuànn-kàu, m̄-koh tsiok hán-tit khuànn-tio̍h. Tsit-ê bué-liu tī tshit-gue̍h-té to̍h siau-sit ah. Hiān-tsú-sî huī-tshinn C/jī-khòng-jī-khòng F-sann (NEOWISE) í-king sit-khì kong-tshái, i ê bué-liu lóng bô--khì ah. I tsit-má í-king kiânn-uá-kàu Bo̍k-tshinn kuí-tō hū-kīn, beh tńg-khì guā-pōo thài-iông-hē ê lōo lih. Āu tsi̍t-pái koh tńg-lâi ê sî-tsūn, í-king sī tshit-tshing-nî í-āu ê tāi-tsì ah.

[English] Three Tails of Comet NEOWISE

What created the unusual red tail in Comet NEOWISE? Sodium. A spectacular sight back in the summer of 2020, Comet NEOWISE, at times, displayed something more than just a surprisingly striated white dust tail and a pleasingly patchy blue ion tail. Some color sensitive images showed an unusual red tail, and analysis showed much of this third tail's color was emitted by sodium. Gas rich in sodium atoms might have been liberated from Comet NEOWISE's warming nucleus in early July by bright sunlight, electrically charged by ultraviolet sunlight, and then pushed out by the solar wind. The featured image was captured in mid-July from Brittany, France and shows the real colors. Sodium comet tails have been seen before but are rare -- this one disappeared by late July. Comet C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE) has since faded, lost all of its bright tails, and now approaches the orbit of Jupiter as it heads back to the outer Solar System, to return only in about 7,000 years.

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