一秒鐘爍十萬改 ê 紅色精靈

探索宇宙¹！逐工會揀一幅無仝款 ê 影像抑是相片，𤆬你熟似咱這个迷人 ê 宇宙，閣有專業天文學者²為你解說³。

• 原始文章：Sprite Lightning at 100,000 Frames Per Second
• 影像來源佮版權：Matthew G McHarg, Jacob L Harley, Thomas Ashcraft, Hans Nielsen
• 台文翻譯：An-Li Tsai (NCU)
• 天文物理學家留 ê 資訊：Browse 2,300+ codes in the Astrophysics Source Code Library

[漢羅] 一秒鐘爍十萬改 ê 紅色精靈

紅色精靈 是按怎產生 ê？這个出現 tī 天頂，隨 to̍h 消失 ê 神祕爆炸光，to̍h 親像 是一隻 大海䖳。這个現象已經予人 記錄 30 外冬矣。干焦知影這 kah 雲對地 ê 正電爍爁有關係，真正 ê 原因猶毋知。有一寡暴雷嘛有這款現象，毋閣大部份毋是。最近，高速錄影 會使記錄 紅色精靈 是按怎生出來 ê。這支 影片 是 tī 2019 年中翕 ê。這个高速錄影已經有夠緊矣，差不多一秒鐘翕十萬張遐爾濟。緊甲會當看著 幾若 ê 紅色精靈 ê 炸彈是按怎落落來 ê，閣是按怎變做咱 tī 靜態影像 看著 ê 幾若个必叉流？是講真不幸，像 這款 影片 提供 ê 線索 嘛無法度拍開紅色精靈 ê 祕密。毋閣，高速錄影 對一寡研究人員來講，認為紅色精靈較會 tī 頂層大氣 產生 電漿不規則體 ê 時陣出現。

[POJ] Chi̍t-bió-cheng sih cha̍p-bān kái ê Âng-sek-cheng-lêng

Âng-sek-cheng-lêng sī án-chóaⁿ sán-seng ê? Chit-ê chhut-hiān tī thiⁿ-téng, sûi to̍h siau-sit ê sîn-pì po̍k-chà-kng, to̍h chhin-chhiūⁿ sī chi̍t-chiah tōa-hái-thē. Chit-ê hiān-siōng í-keng hō͘ lâng kì-lo̍k saⁿ-cha̍p gōa tang ah. Kan-na chai-iáⁿ che kah hûn-tùi-tē ê chiàⁿ-tiān sih-nah ū koan-hē, chin-chiàⁿ ê goân-in iah m̄-chai. Ū chi̍t-kóa po̍k-lûi mā ū chit-khoán hiān-siōng, m̄-koh tōa-pō͘-hūn m̄-sī. Chòe-kūn, ko-sok lo̍k-iáⁿ ē-sái kì-lo̍k Âng-sek-cheng-lêng sī án-chóaⁿ seⁿ--chhut-lâi ê. Chit-ki iáⁿ-phìⁿ sī tī jī-khòng-it-kiú nî-tiong hip ê. Chit-ê ko-sok lo̍k-iáⁿ í-keng ū kàu kín--ah, chha-put-to chi̍t-bió-cheng hip cha̍p-bān tiuⁿ hiah-nī chē. Kín-kah ē-tàng khòaⁿ-tio̍h kúi-ā-ê Âng-sek-cheng-lêng ê chà-tôaⁿ sī án-chóaⁿ lak--lo̍h-lâi ê, koh sī án-chóaⁿ piàn-chò lán tī chēng-thài iáⁿ-siōng khoaⁿ--tio̍h-ê kúi-ā ê pit-chhe-liû? Sī kóng chin put-hēng, chhiūⁿ chit-khoán iáⁿ-phìⁿ thê-kiong ê sòaⁿ-soh mā bô-hoat-tō͘ phah-khui Âng-sek-cheng-lêng ê pì-bi̍t. M̄-koh, ko-sok lo̍k-iáⁿ tùi chi̍t-kóa gián-kiù jîn-goân lâi kóng, jīn-ûi Âng-sek cheng-lêng khah ē tī téng-chân tōa-khì sán-seng tiān-chiuⁿ put-kui-chek-thé ê sî-chūn chhut-hiān.

[KIP] Tsi̍t-bió-tsing sih tsa̍p-bān kái ê Âng-sik-tsing-lîng

Âng-sik-tsing-lîng sī án-tsuánn sán-sing ê? Tsit-ê tshut-hiān tī thinn-tíng, suî to̍h siau-sit ê sîn-pì po̍k-tsà-kng, to̍h tshin-tshiūnn sī tsi̍t-tsiah tuā-hái-thē. Tsit-ê hiān-siōng í-king hōo lâng kì-lo̍k sann-tsa̍p guā tang ah. Kan-na tsai-iánn tse kah hûn-tuì-tē ê tsiànn-tiān sih-nah ū kuan-hē, tsin-tsiànn ê guân-in iah m̄-tsai. Ū tsi̍t-kuá po̍k-luî mā ū tsit-khuán hiān-siōng, m̄-koh tuā-pōo-hūn m̄-sī. Tsuè-kūn, ko-sok lo̍k-iánn ē-sái kì-lo̍k Âng-sik-tsing-lîng sī án-tsuánn senn--tshut-lâi ê. Tsit-ki iánn-phìnn sī tī jī-khòng-it-kiú nî-tiong hip ê. Tsit-ê ko-sok lo̍k-iánn í-king ū kàu kín--ah, tsha-put-to tsi̍t-bió-tsing hip tsa̍p-bān tiunn hiah-nī tsē. Kín-kah ē-tàng khuànn-tio̍h kuí-ā-ê Âng-sik-tsing-lîng ê tsà-tuânn sī án-tsuánn lak--lo̍h-lâi ê, koh sī án-tsuánn piàn-tsò lán tī tsīng-thài iánn-siōng khuann--tio̍h-ê kuí-ā ê pit-tshe-liû? Sī kóng tsin put-hīng, tshiūnn tsit-khuán iánn-phìnn thê-kiong ê suànn-soh mā bô-huat-tōo phah-khui Âng-sik-tsing-lîng ê pì-bi̍t. M̄-koh, ko-sok lo̍k-iánn tuì tsi̍t-kuá gián-kiù jîn-guân lâi kóng, jīn-uî Âng-sik tsing-lîng khah ē tī tíng-tsân tuā-khì sán-sing tiān-tsiunn put-kui-tsik-thé ê sî-tsūn tshut-hiān.

[English] Sprite Lightning at 100,000 Frames Per Second 

What causes sprite lightning ?Mysterious bursts of light in the sky that momentarily resemble gigantic jellyfish have been recorded for over 30 years, but apart from a general association with positive cloud-to-ground lightning, their root cause remains unknown.Some thunderstorms have them -- most don't. Recently, however, high speed video s are better detailing how sprites actually develop. The featured video ,captured in mid-2019, is fast enough -- at about 100,000 frames per second -- to time-resolve several sprite "bombs" dropping and developing into the multi-pronged streamers that appear on still images .Unfortunately, the visual clues provided by videos like these do not fully resolve the sprite origins mystery .High speed vidoes do indicate to some researchers , though, that sprites are more likely to occur when plasma irregularities exist in the upper atmosphere .

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